- Demographics of Indonesia
-
The population of Indonesia according to the 2010 national census is 237.6 million,[1] with 58% living on the island of Java,[1] the world's most populous island.[2]
Despite a fairly effective family planning program that has been in place since the 1960s,[3] the population is expected to grow to around 254 million by 2020 and 288 million by 2050,[4] falling to fifth behind Pakistan sometime before 2050.[5]
Indonesia includes numerous ethnic, cultural and linguistic groups, some of which are related to each other. Since independence, Indonesian (a form of Malay and official national language) is the language of most written communication, education, government, and business. Many local ethnic languages are the first language of most Indonesians and still important.
Contents
List of Indonesian provinces' population
Province Population In Cities (%) Aceh 4,486,570 23.6 North Sumatra 12,985,075 42.4 West Sumatra 4,845,998 29.0 Riau 5,543,031 43.7 Jambi 3,088,618 28.3 South Sumatra 7,446,401 34.4 Bengkulu 1,713,393 29.4 Lampung 7,596,115 21.0 Bangka Belitung 1,223,048 43.0 Riau Islands 1,685,698 67.4 Banten 10,644,030 52.2 Jakarta 9,588,198 100.0 West Java 43,021,826 50.3 Central Java 32,380,687 40.4 Yogyakarta 3,452,390 57.7 East Java 37,476,011 40.9 Bali 3,891,428 49.8 West Nusa Tenggara 4,496,855 34.8 East Nusa Tenggara 4,679,316 15.9 West Kalimantan 4,393,239 25.1 Central Kalimantan 2,202,599 27.5 South Kalimantan 3,626,119 36.3 East Kalimantan 3,550,586 57.6 North Sulawesi 2,265,937 37.0 Gorontalo 1,038,585 25.5 Central Sulawesi 2,633,420 19.7 South Sulawesi 8,032,551 29.4 Southeast Sulawesi 2,230,569 20.8 West Sulawesi 1,158,336 -- Maluku 1,531,402 25.9 North Maluku 1,035,478 29.5 Papua 2,851,999 22.2 West Papua 760,855 -- Source: Population Census 2010[1] Largest cities
Rank City Name Province Pop. Rank City Name Province Pop. 
Jakarta
1 Jakarta Jakarta 9,588,198 11 South Tangerang Banten 1,290,322 
Bandung
2 Surabaya East Java 2,765,487 12 Bogor West Java 950,334 3 Bandung West Java 2,394,873 13 Batam Riau Islands 944,285 4 Bekasi West Java 2,334,871 14 Pekanbaru Riau 897,767 5 Medan North Sumatra 2,097,610 15 Bandar Lampung Lampung 881,801 6 Tangerang Banten 1,798,601 16 Padang West Sumatra 833,562 7 Depok West Java 1,738,570 17 Malang East Java 820,243 8 Semarang Central Java 1,555,984 18 Denpasar Bali 788,589 9 Palembang South Sumatra 1,455,284 19 Samarinda East Kalimantan 727,500 10 Makassar South Sulawesi 1,338,663 20 Purwokerto Central Java 635,464 Ethnic groups
Main article: Ethnic groups in IndonesiaAt least 300 different ethnic groups have been counted in Indonesia.[7]
Religions
Main article: Religion in IndonesiaAlthough it is not an Islamic state, Indonesia is the world's most populous Muslim-majority nation, with almost 86.1% of Indonesians declared Muslim according to the 2000 census.[8] 8.7% of the population is Christian,[9] 3% are Hindu, and 1.8% Buddhist or other. Most Indonesian Hindus are Balinese,[10] and most Buddhists in modern-day Indonesia are ethnic Chinese.[11]
Languages
Main article: Languages of IndonesiaIndonesian is the official national language, but there are many different languages native to Indonesia. According to Ethnologue, there are currently 737 living languages [12] the most widely spoken of which is Javanese.
A number of Chinese dialects, most prominently Min Nan, are also spoken. The public use of Chinese, especially Chinese characters, was officially discouraged between 1966 and 1998.
Literacy
definition: age 15 and over and can read and write
total population: 87.9%
male: 92.5%
female: 83.4% (2005 est.)Education is not free; however, it is compulsory for children through to grade 9. Although about 92% of eligible children are enrolled in primary school, a much smaller percentage attend full time. About 44% of secondary school-age children attend junior high school, and some others of this age group attend vocational schools.
CIA World Factbook demographic statistics
The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook,[8] unless otherwise indicated.
Age structure
- 0-14 years: 27.7% (male 34,276,146/female 33,094,836)
- 15-64 years: 66.2% (male 80,806,409/female 80,065,855)
- 65 years and over: 6.1% (male 6,504,559/female 8,220,537) (2010 est.)
Median age
- total: 27.9 years
- male: 27.4 years
- female: 28.4 years (2010 est.)
Population growth rate
- 1.097% (2010 est.)
Birth rate
- 18.45 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
Death rate
- 6.25 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
Net migration rate
- -1.23 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)
12
Urbanization
- urban population: 52% of total population (2008)
- rate of urbanization: 3.3% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Sex ratio
- at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
- under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
- 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
- 65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female
- total population: 1 male(s)/female (2010 est.)
Infant mortality rate
- total: 28.94 deaths/1,000 live births
- male: 33.76 deaths/1,000 live births
- female: 23.89 deaths/1,000 live births (2010 est.)
Life expectancy at birth
- total population: 71.05 years
- male: 68.53 years
- female: 73.69 years (2010 est.)
Total fertility rate
- 2.28 children born/woman (2010 est.)
HIV/AIDS
- Adult prevalence rate: 0.2% (2007 est.)
- People living with HIV/AIDS: 270,000 (2007 est.)
- HIV/AIDS deaths: 8,700 (2007 est.)
Nationality
- noun: Indonesian(s)
- adjective: Indonesian
- Ethnic groups: Javanese 40.6%, Sundanese 15%, Madurese 3.3%, Minangkabau 2.7%, Betawi 2.4%, Bugis 2.4%, Banten 2%, Banjar 1.7%, other or unspecified 29.9% (2000 census)
Religions
- Muslim 86.1%, Protestant 5.7%, Roman Catholic 3%, Hindu 1.8%, other or unspecified 3.4% (2000 census)
Languages
- Indonesian (official, a form of Malay influenced from other languages in Indonesia), Dutch, local languages (the most widely spoken of which is Javanese).
Literacy
- definition: age 15 and over can read and write
- total population: 90.4%
- male: 94%
- female: 86.8% (2004 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
- total: 11 years
- male: 12 years
- female: 11 years (2005)
Education expenditures
- 3.6% of GDP (2006)
See also
References
- ^ a b c Central Bureau of Statistics: Census 2010, retrieved 17 January 2011 (Indonesian)
- ^ Calder, Joshua (3 May 2006). "Most Populous Islands". World Island Information. http://www.worldislandinfo.com/POPULATV2.htm. Retrieved 2006-09-26.
- ^ Witton, Patrick (2003). Indonesia. Melbourne: Lonely Planet. p. 47. ISBN 1-74059-154-2.
- ^ World Population Prospects (2008) http://esa.un.org/unpp/
- ^ World Population to 2300 (Table 5) http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/longrange2/WorldPop2300final.pdf
- ^ http://www.datastatistik-indonesia.com/component/option,com_tabel/task,/Itemid,165/
- ^ Kuoni - Far East, A world of difference. Page 88. Published 1999 by Kuoni Travel & JPM Publications
- ^ a b Central Intelligence Agency (2009). "Indonesia". The World Factbook. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/id.html. Retrieved June 28, 2010.
- ^ of which roughly two-thirds are Protestant
- ^ Oey, Eric (1997). Bali (3rd ed.). Singapore: Periplus Editions. ISBN 962-593-028-0
- ^ "Indonesia - Buddhism". U.S. Library of Congress. http://countrystudies.us/indonesia/40.htm. Retrieved 2006-10-15.
- ^ ethnologue.com
External links
- Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics (Indonesian)
- CIA World Factbook article on Indonesia
- On Indonesians of Arab descent
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