Myoepithelial cell

Myoepithelial cell
Latin	myoepitheliocytus
Code	TH H2.00.02.0.03059

Myoepithelial cells (sometimes referred to as Myoepithelium) are cells usually found in glandular epithelium as a thin layer above the basement membrane but generally beneath the lumenal cells. These may be positive for alpha smooth muscle actin and can contract and expel the secretions of exocrine glands. They are found in the sweat gland, mammary gland, lacrimal gland, and salivary gland. Myoepithelial cells in these cases constitute the basal cell layer of an epithelium that harbors the epithelial progenitor/stem cells. In the case of wound healing, myoepithelial cells reactively proliferate. Presence of myoepithelial cells in a hyperplastic tissue proves the benignity of the gland and, when absent, indicates cancer. Only rare cancers like adenoid cystic carcinomas contains myoepithelial cells as one of the malignant components.

It can be found in endoderm or ectoderm.^[1]

Markers

Myoepithelial cells are true epithelial cells positive for keratins, not to be confused with myofibroblasts which are true mesenchymal cells positive for vimentin. These cells are generally positive for alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA), cytokeratin 5/6 and other high molecular weight cytokeratins, p63 and caldesmon.

References

1. ^ Jules J. Berman (2009). Neoplasms: principles of development and diversity. Jones & Bartlett Learning. pp. 207–. ISBN 9780763755706. http://books.google.com/books?id=WWnJ1-IM1yUC&pg=PA207. Retrieved 16 April 2010. 

External links

• Myoepithelium at eMedicine Dictionary

• Anatomy Atlases - Microscopic Anatomy, plate 07.141 - "Axillary Sweat Gland: Myoepithelium"
• Histology at OU 43_13 - "thick skin"
• Histology at KUMC glands-glands09 "Simple Tubular Coiled"
• Physiology at MCG 6/6ch4/s6ch4_4

This anatomy article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.v · Categories: Cell biology Anatomy stubs Wikimedia Foundation. 2010. Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР? Myodisc Myoepithelioma of the head and neck Look at other dictionaries: myoepithelial cell — (= basket cell; basal cell) Cell found between epithelium of exocrine glands (eg. salivary, sweat, mammary, mucous) and their basement membranes, which resembles a smooth muscle cell, and is thought to be contractile …   Dictionary of molecular biology Myoepithelial cells — (sometimes referred to as Myoepithelium) are cells usually found in glandular epithelium as a thin layer above the basement membrane but generally beneath the lumenal cells. These may be positive for alpha smooth muscle actin and can contract and …   Wikipedia Cell — The basic structural and functional unit in people and all living things. Each cell is a small container of chemicals and water wrapped in a membrane. Each cell in the human body there are 100 trillion cells in each of us contains the entire… …   Medical dictionary myoepithelial — n. [Gr. mys, muscle; epi, upon; thele, nipple] 1. (BRYOZOA) A contractile ectodermal cell with intracellular striated muscles. 2. (CNIDARIA) Epithelium with a longitudinal contractile fiber at the base; epitheliomuscular …   Dictionary of invertebrate zoology List of distinct cell types in the adult human body — There are about 210 distinct human cell types,.[1][2][3] There are between 50 and 75 trillion cells in the human body.[citation needed] Cell types can be classified by their tissue of origin. However, it is possible for some cells to have their… …   Wikipedia Adult stem cell — Adult stem cells are undifferentiated cells found throughout the body after embryonic development that divide to replenish dying cells and regenerate damaged tissues. Also known as somatic (from Greek Σωματικóς, of the body ) stem cells, they can …   Wikipedia Squamous epithelial cell — Squamous epithelium is one of several types of epithelia. Code TH H2.00.02.0.01027 In …   Wikipedia Columnar epithelial cell — Code TH H2.00.02.0.01012 Columnar epithelia are epithelial cells whose heights are at least four times their width. Columnar epithelia are divided into simple (or unilayered), and stratified (or multi layered). Simple columnar epithelia… …   Wikipedia Cuboidal epithelial cell — Epithelium Code TH H2.00.02.0.01013 Cuboidal epithelia are epithelial cells …   Wikipedia basal cell adenoma — a benign, encapsulated, slow growing, painless salivary gland tumor of intercalated duct or reserve cell origin, usually seen in males in the parotid gland or upper lip. Solid, canalicular, trabecular tubular, and membranous types have been… …   Medical dictionary 18+ © Academic, 2000-2024 Contact us: Technical Support, Advertising Dictionaries export, created on PHP, Joomla, Drupal, WordPress, MODx. Mark and share Search through all dictionaries Translate… Search Internet Share the article and excerpts Direct link … Do a right-click on the link above and select “Copy Link”