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Exocrine gland

Translation
Exocrine gland

Exocrine glands are glands that secrete their products (enzymes) into ducts (duct glands). They are the counterparts to endocrine glands, which secrete their products (hormones) directly into the bloodstream (ductless glands) or release hormones (paracrines) that affect only target cells nearby the release site.

Examples

Typical exocrine glands include sweat glands, salivary glands, mammary glands, stomach, liver. (Example of an endocrine gland is the adrenal gland, which is found on top of the kidneys and secretes the hormone adrenaline, among others).

Types

There are many ways of classifying exocrine glands:

tructure

Exocrine glands contain a glandular portion and a duct portion, the structures of which can be used to classify the gland.
* The duct portion may be branched (called "compound") or unbranched (called "simple").
* The glandular portion may be tubular, acinar, or may be a mix of the two (called tubuloacinar). If the glandular portion branches, then the gland is called a branched gland.

Method of secretion

Exocrine glands are named apocrine gland, holocrine gland, or merocrine gland based on how their product is secreted.

* Serous cells secrete proteins, often enzymes. Examples include chief cells and Paneth cells
* Mucous cells secrete mucus. Examples include Brunner's glands, esophageal glands, and pyloric glands
* Mixed glands secrete both protein and mucus. Examples include the salivary glands, although parotid gland is predominantly serous, the sublingual gland is predominantly mucous and the submandibular gland is both serous and mucous.

List of exocrine glands

Glands typically may be referred to by two or more means, though some terms are rarely seen. The names of the anatomists who first described them are often employed, as:

Prostate gland is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system. It secretes a clear and basic fluid that constitutes 1/3 of the volume of semen.


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  • exocrine gland — noun Date: circa 1927 a gland (as a salivary gland or part of the pancreas) that releases a secretion external to or at the surface of an organ by means of a canal or duct …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • exocrine gland — noun Any of various glands which secrete via a duct, typically into the digestive tract or onto the skin. Syn: duct gland Ant: endocrine gland …   Wiktionary

  • exocrine gland — any of several glands, as the salivary glands, that secrete externally through a duct. [1925 30] * * * …   Universalium

  • exocrine gland — железа внешней секреции …   Англо-русский словарь по экологии

  • Железа Экзокринная (Exocrine Gland) — железа, продукты секреции которой выводятся через специальный проток, открывающийся на поверхности эпителия. Экзокринная железа может быть простой (simple), имеющей один неразветвленный проток, или сложной (compound), если в состав входят… …   Медицинские термины

  • exocrine — 1> физиол. внешнесекреторный Ex: exocrine gland железа с внешней (наружной) секрецией …   Новый большой англо-русский словарь

  • Gland — A gland is an organ in an animal s body that synthesizes a substance for release such as hormones or breast milk, often into the bloodstream (endocrine gland) or into cavities inside the body or its outer surface (exocrine gland). Types Glands… …   Wikipedia

  • gland — gland1 glandless, adj. glandlike, adj. /gland/, n. 1. Anat. a. a cell, group of cells, or organ producing a secretion. b. any of various organs or structures resembling the shape but not the function of true glands. 2. Bot. a secreting organ or… …   Universalium

  • gland — I. noun Etymology: French glande, from Old French, glandular swelling on the neck, gland, ultimately from Latin gland , glans acorn; akin to Greek balanos acorn Date: 1692 1. a. a specialized cell, group of cells, or organ of endothelial origin… …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • exocrine — /ek seuh krin, kruyn , kreen /, Anat., Physiol. adj. 1. secreting to an epithelial surface. 2. of or pertaining to an exocrine gland or its secretion. n. 3. an external secretion. 4. See exocrine gland. Cf. endocrine. [1910 15; EXO + crine < Gk… …   Universalium