Elections in Mexico

Mexico

This article is part of the series: Politics and government of Mexico

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Elections in Mexico determine who, on the national level, takes the position of the head of state – the president – as well as the legislature.

The President of Mexico is elected for a six-year term by the people. The candidate who wins the most votes is elected president even if he or she does not have an absolute majority.

In Mexico, every presidential election will always be a non-incumbent election.

The Congress of the Union (Congreso de la Unión) has two chambers. The Chamber of Deputies (Cámara de Diputados) has 500 members, elected for a three year term, 300 of whom are elected in single-seat constituencies by plurality, with the remaining 200 members elected by proportional representation in 5 multi-state, 40-seat constituencies.^[1] The 200 PR-seats are distributed generally without taking account the 300 plurality-seats (Parallel voting), but since 1996 a party cannot get more seats overall than 8 % above its result for the PR-seats (a party must win 42% of the votes for the PR-seats to achieve an overall majority). There are two exceptions on this rule: first, a party can only lose PR-seats due to this rule (and no plurality-seats); second, a party can never get more than 300 seats overall (even if it has more than 52% of the votes for the PR-seats).

The Chamber of Senators (Cámara de Senadores) has 128 members, elected for a six-year term, 96 of them in three-seat constituencies (corresponding to the nation's 31 states and one Federal District) and 32 by proportional representation on a nationwide basis.^[2] In the state constituencies, two seats are awarded to the plurality winner and one to the first runner-up.

At the local level, each of Mexico's 31 constituent states elects a governor to serve a six-year term; they also elect legislative deputies who sit in state congresses, and municipal presidents (presidentes municipales, or mayors). The Federal District (Mexico City) elects a Head of Government in lieu of a mayor, district assemblymen in lieu of state congressional deputies, and borough heads in lieu of municipal presidents.

Mexico has a multi-party system, with three dominant political parties, and a number of smaller ones. Alliances and coalitions are common; normally, they are local (state) affairs and involve one of the big three and any number of minor parties; on extraordinary occasions, two of the big three will ally themselves against the third (see, for example, 2003 Colima state election or 2004 Chihuahua state election).^[3]

Federal elections

Latest elections

2006 General election

Main article: Mexican general election, 2006

Presidential election

e • d Summary of the 2 July 2006 Mexican presidential election results

Candidates		Party	Votes	%
	Felipe Calderón	National Action Party	15,000,284	35.89%
	Andrés Manuel López Obrador	Coalition for the Good of All (PRD, PT, CV)	14,756,350	35.31%
	Roberto Madrazo	Alliance for Mexico (PRI, PVEM)	9,301,441	22.26%
	Patricia Mercado	Social Democratic and Peasant Alternative Party	1,128,850	2.70%
	Roberto Campa Cifrián	New Alliance	401,804	0.96%
	Write in		297,989	0.71%
	Blank/Invalid		904,604	2.16%
Total			41,791,322	100.0%
Source: Instituto Federal Electoral [1]

Chamber of Deputies election

e • d Summary of the 2 July 2006 Mexican Chamber of Deputies election results

Parties and/or coalitions			Votes	%	FPP	PR	Total seats
	National Action Party (Partido Acción Nacional)		13,845,121	33.41	137	69	206
	Coalition for the Good of All (Coalición por el Bien de Todos)	Party of the Democratic Revolution (Partido de la Revolución Democrática)	12,013,364	28.99	91	36	127
		Convergence (Convergencia)			5	12	17
		Labour Party (Partido del Trabajo)			2	10	12
		No party			0	1	1
	Alliance for Mexico (Alianza por México)	Institutional Revolutionary Party (Partido Revolucionario Institucional)	11,676,585	28.18	65	41	106
		Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (Partido Verde Ecologista de México)			0	17	17
	New Alliance Party (Partido Nueva Alianza)		1,883,476	4.55	0	9	9
	Social Democratic and Peasant Alternative Party (Partido Alternativa Socialdemócrata y Campesina)		850,989	2.05	0	4	4
Total			41,435,934	100.00	300	200	500
Source: Chamber of Deputies

Senate election

e • d Summary of the 2 July 2006 Mexican Senate election results

Parties and/or coalitions			Votes	%	FPP	FM	PR	Total seats
	National Action Party (Partido Acción Nacional)		14,035,503	33.63	32	9	11	52
	Coalition for the Good of All (Coalición por el Bien de Todos)	Party of the Democratic Revolution (Partido de la Revolución Democrática)	12,397,008	29.70	22	4	5	31
		Labour Party (Partido del Trabajo)			0	0	3	3
		Convergence (Convergencia)			0	0	2	2
	Alliance for Mexico (Alianza por México)	Institutional Revolutionary Party (Partido Revolucionario Institucional)	11,681,395	27.99	10	19	6	35
		Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (Partido Verde Ecologista de México)			0	0	4	4
	New Alliance Party (Partido Nuevo Alianza)		1,688,198	4.04	0	0	1	1
	Social Democratic and Peasant Alternative Party {Partido Alternativa Socialdemócrata y Campesina)		795,730	1.91	0	0	0	0
Total			41,739,188	100.00	64	32	32	128
Source: Senate

Past elections

State elections

• 2009 Mexican local elections
• 2008 Mexican local elections
• 2007 Mexican local elections
• 2006 Mexican local elections
• 2005 Mexican local elections
• 2004 Mexican local elections
• 2003 Mexican local elections

See also

• Electoral calendar
• Electoral system

External links

• Election 2012 Mexico official website.
• IFE website
• Mexico page of the ACE Project
• Adam Carr's Election Archive
• Electionworld

Notas y referencias

1. ^ http://www.eleccion2012mexico.com/project-definition
2. ^ http://www.eleccion2012mexico.com/project-definition
3. ^ http://www.eleccion2012mexico.com/partidos-politicos