- Museo Nacional de Antropología
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This article is about the Museo Nacional de Antropología in Mexico. For the museum in Spain, see Museo Nacional de Antropología (Madrid)."National Museum of Anthropology" redirects here. For other national anthropological museums, see National Museum of Anthropology (disambiguation).
Coordinates: 19°14′37″N 99°08′22″W / 19.24361°N 99.139318°W
Museum's front entrance.Established 1964 Location Mexico City, Mexico Type Archaeology museum Visitor figures 2 million/year Public transit access Auditorio Station (line 7) Website www.mna.inah.gob.mx The Museo Nacional de Antropología (MNA, or National Museum of Anthropology) is a national museum of Mexico. Located in the area between Paseo de la Reforma and Calle Mahatma Gandhi within Chapultepec Park in Mexico City, the museum contains significant archaeological and anthropological artifacts from the pre-Columbian heritage of Mexico, such as the Piedra del Sol (the "Stone of the Sun" or Aztec calendar stone) and the 16th-century Aztec statue of Xochipilli.
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Architecture
The square concrete umbrella known as "el paraguas".
Designed in 1963 by Pedro Ramírez Vázquez, Jorge Campuzano and Rafael Mijares, it has an impressive architecture with exhibition halls surrounding a patio with a huge pond and a vast square concrete umbrella supported by a single slender pillar (known as "el paraguas", Spanish for "the umbrella") around which splashes an artificial cascade. The halls are ringed by gardens, many of which contain outdoor exhibits. The museum has 23 rooms for exhibits and covers an area of 79,700 square meters (almost 8 hectares) or 857,890 square feet (almost 20 acres).
Exhibits
Opened in 1964 by President Adolfo López Mateos, the museum has a number of significant exhibits, such as the Stone of the Sun (depicted below), giant stone heads of the Olmec civilization that were found in the jungles of Tabasco and Veracruz, treasures recovered from the Maya civilization, at the Sacred Cenote at Chichen Itza, a replica of the sarcophagal lid from Pacal's tomb at Palenque and ethnological displays of contemporary rural Mexican life. It also has a model of the location and layout of the former Aztec capital Tenochtitlan, the site of which is now occupied by the central area of modern-day Mexico City itself.
The museum also hosts visiting exhibits, generally focusing on other of the world's great cultures. Past exhibits have focused on ancient Iran, Greece, China, Egypt, Russia, and Spain.
Original Aztec Stone of the Sun on display in the museum.Name
It is a common misconception, even among Mexicans, that the museum's full name is the National Museum of Anthropology and History. Its official name is simply the National Museum of Anthropology. There is another corporation, the National Museum of History which is located in the nearby Chapultepec Castle, but it is a different museum altogether. The former focuses on pre-Columbian Mexico and modern day Mexican ethnography. The latter focuses on the Viceroyalty of New Spain and its progress towards modern Mexico, up to the 20th Century.
However, the official administrative body that manages both museums (and many other national and regional museums) is the National Institute of Anthropology and History (Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia).
Gallery
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Fountain in front of the Museum.
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Model of Templo Mayor (Tenochtitlán).
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The Maya Room.
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The Palenque exhibit inside the Maya Room.
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Model of Tenochtitlán.
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Mural and model of Tenochtitlán, looking east.
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Statue of Aztec goddess Coatlicue.
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Stone of the Sun (Aztec "Calendar").
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Ocelotl-Cuauhxicalli.
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Aztec Macuilxochitl (Xochipilli), god of songs, dance and music.
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Olmec colossal head.
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Seated Olmec Jaguar, San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán.
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Xiuhcóatl.
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Dintel No. 53, Yaxchilán.
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Model of Teotihuacán at the museum.
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Mayan gravestone from Jonutla Tabasco on display at the museum.
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Part of a mural depicting Mayan life.
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Right side of mural depicting Mayan life.
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Mural in the Maya section of the museum.
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Aztec codex, replica.
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Olmeca-Xicalanca - Cacaxtla bird man mural.
See also
- Doris Heyden
- Felipe R. Solís Olguín, Director 2000-2009
External links
Categories:- Museums in Mexico City
- Anthropology museums
- History museums in Mexico
- Mesoamerican art museums
- National museums of Mexico
- Museums established in 1963
- Pre-Columbian studies
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