Aphandra

taxobox
name = "Aphandra"
regnum = Plantae
unranked_divisio = Angiosperms
unranked_classis = Monocots
unranked_ordo = Commelinids
ordo = Arecales
familia = Arecaceae
subfamilia = Ceroxyloideae
tribus = Phytelephanteae
genus = "Aphandra"
genus_authority = Barfod
species = "A. natalia"
binomial = "Aphandra natalia"
binomial_authority = (Balslev & A. J. Hend.) Barfod|

"Aphandra" is a monotypic genus of flowering plant in the palm family native to South America. Its only species is "Aphandra natlaia", sometimes called mastodon palm or fiber palm, and is used by indigenous peoples in the construction of brooms and other products.Riffle, Robert L. and Craft, Paul (2003) "An Encyclopedia of Cultivated Palms". Portland: Timber Press. ISBN-10: 0881925586 / ISBN-13: 978-0881925586 (Page 250)] The genus name is a combination of "Ammandra" and "Phytelephas", two closely related palm genera, and the epithet "natalia" honors Natalie Uhl, modern palm taxonomist.

Description

"Aphandra natalia" grows from single trunks, reaching over 12 m in height, being gray to tan in color. These trees usually remain covered in the bases of old leaves giving them a seeming trunk diameter of nearly 1 meter, however the actual trunk size when cleaned of the leaf bases is nearer to 30 cm. The vine-like, pendent fibers of the leaf bases resemble those of "Leopoldinia piassaba" from which brooms are also made. The actual leaves of "A. natalia" are usually 4.5 m in length but are borne on long, 2.5 m petioles giving them an overall length of 7 m. The leaflets are reduplicate, pinnately cleft and dark green in color.Uhl, Natalie W. and Dransfield, John (1987) "Genera Palmarum - A classification of palms based on the work of Harold E. Moore". Lawrence, Kansas: Allen Press. ISBN-10: ISBN-10: 0935868305 / ISBN-13: 978-0935868302]

They are sexually dioecious and markedly dimorphic; male plants produce an unusual 2.75 m inflorescence with many clustered branches of yellow flowers with females producing shorter tufts of yellow flowers surrounded by green to brown bracts. A mature infructescence resembles "a medieval club with spikes if the large amount of hairy black fiber was removed".

Distribution and habitat

"A. natalia" grows in eastern Ecuador through northern Peru to western Brazil reaching altitudes of 800 m. They are an under-story palm in the Amazon rainforest stretching to the foothills of the Andes.

References

reflist

External links

* [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?821 "Aphandra" on NPGS/GRIN]
* [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?406771 "Aphandra" natlia on NPGS/GRIN]