Rajinder Singh Bedi

Infobox actor
bgcolour = silver
name = Rajinder Singh Bedi


imagesize = 150px
caption =
birthname = Rajinder Singh Bedi
birthdate = 1915
location = flagicon|Pakistan Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan
occupation = Novelist,Playwright,Film director, Screenwriter,
deathdate = 1984
deathplace = flagicon|India Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
yearsactive = 1933-1984
awards = 1959 Filmfare Best Dialogue Award:Madhumati (1958)
1971 Filmfare Best Dialogue Award:Satyakam (1969)
1965 Sahitya Akademi Award
Padma Shri - 1972

Rajinder Singh Bedi (1915-1984) was an imminent progressive Urdu writer, playwright and a Hindi film director, screenwriter and noted dialogue writer.

Some of his best work as a dialogue writer can be seen in Hrishikesh Mukherjee's films Abhimaan, Anupama and Satyakam; and Bimal Roy's Madhumati. As a director he is most known for his films Dastak (1970), starring Sanjeev Kumar and Rehana Sultan and Phagun (1973), starring Dharmendra, Waheda Rehman, Jaya Bhaduri and Vijay Arora.

Rajinder Singh Bedi is considered one of the greatest 20th century progressive writers of Urdu fiction, and second most prominent Urdu fiction writer, after Saadat Hasan Manto [ [http://www.sikh-heritage.co.uk/arts/bollywoodgreats/bollygreats.htm Bollywood greats] ] [ [http://www.urdustudies.com/auinfo/BediRS.html Urdu Studies] ] , and like Manto he is most known for his haunting Partition tales. [ [http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Opinion/Sunday_Specials/Emergency_No_thanks/rssarticleshow/1172938.cms Voices in Partition Literature] ] .

Biography

Early life

Rajinder Singh Bedi was born near Sialkot, Punjab (now in Pakistan). He spent his early years in Lahore, where he received his education in Urdu, as it was common to most Punjabi families, though he never graduated from a college. [ [http://dsal.uchicago.edu/books/annualofurdustudies/pager.html?volume=5&objectid=PK2151.A6152_5_087.gifThe Films of Rajinder Singh Bedi - Annual of Urdu Studies. v. 5, 1985] ] . After Partition his other family members settled in Fazilka, Indian side of Punjab.

Career

His first short story "Maharani ka Tohfa" won the the best Short Story of the Year, given by 'Adabi Dunya', a prominent Urdu monthly, published from Lahore.

He started his career working as a clerk at Lahore Post Office in 1933. In 1941 he joined the Urdu section of All India Radio, Lahore, while working at Lahore radio he wrote many plays including, his famous drama ‘Khawaja Sara’ and 'Nakl-i-Makaani', which he later adapted into his film Dastak in 1970. [ [http://www.pakistanlink.com/Commentary/2007/July07/20/02.HTM Pakistan Link] ] His first collection of short stories, 'Daan-O-Daam' (The Catch), featuring his prominent story 'Garam Coat' (Warm Coat) was published in 1940. [ [http://dsal.uchicago.edu/books/annualofurdustudies/pager.html?volume=5&objectid=PK2151.A6152_5_087.gifThe Films of Rajinder Singh Bedi - Annual of Urdu Studies. v. 5, p 83. 1985] ] In 1942, he published his second collection of short stories, 'Grehan' (The Eclipse).

In 1943, he joined Maheshwari Films, a small Lahore film studio, though just after one and half years he joined All India Radio back and was posted to Jammu, where he worked till 1947.

By the time of Partition Rajinder Singh Bedi had published numerous more short stories, and had made a name for himself as a prolific writer. [ [http://www.seasonsindia.com/art_culture/lit_urdu_sea.htm#rajinder Names in Urdu Literature] ]

His Urdu novel, 'Ek Chadar Maili Si', translated into English as 'I Take This Woman', received the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1965. [ [http://www.sahitya-akademi.org/sahitya-akademi/awa10322.htm#urdu Sahitya Akademi Awards - Urdu] ] The book was later translated into Hindi, Kashmiri and Bengali.

His literary career spanning fifty years and 72 short stories was marked with versatility and represented the finest creative writing in Urdu literature. His stories ‘Garm Kot’ and ‘Lajvanti’ are considered among the masterpieces of Urdu short story. His later collections of short stories were 'Kokh Jali' and 'Apne Dukh Mujhe Dedo' and a collection of plays 'Saat Khel’. [ [http://motso.wordpress.com/2007/01/29/history-of-urdu-literature/ History of Urdu Literature] ]

Films

After partition he moved to Bombay, and started working with D. D. Kashyap and got his first screen credit for dialogue, in the 1949 film Badi Bahen. Though he got greater recognition for his second film Daag, a 1952 film. [ [http://dsal.uchicago.edu/books/annualofurdustudies/pager.html?volume=5&objectid=PK2151.A6152_5_087.gifThe Films of Rajinder Singh Bedi - Annual of Urdu Studies. v. 5, p. 81, 1985] ]

In 1954, he joined hands with Amar Kumar, Balraj Sahni, Geeta Bali and others to create a new company called 'Cine Cooperative', and together they produced their first film, Garam Coat in 1955. Based on his own short story Garam Coat, starring Balraj Sahni and Nirupa Roy, and directed by Aman Kumar, the film gave Rajinder Singh Bedi, chance write a first entire screenplay.

Their second film Rangoli (1962), starring Kishore Kumar, Vyjayantimala, and Durga Khote, was also directed by Amar Kumar. [ [http://dsal.uchicago.edu/books/annualofurdustudies/pager.html?objectid=PK2151.A6152_5_088.gifThe Films of Rajinder Singh Bedi - Annual of Urdu Studies. v. 5, p. 82, 1985] ]

He continued to display his exemplary range in dialogue writing styles in many classic Hindi films, starting with Sohrab Modi's Mirza Ghalib (1954), Bimal Roy’s Devdas (1955), and Madhumati (1958); Amar Kumar and Hrishikesh Mukherjee’s best films, Anuradha (1960), Anupama (1966), Satyakam (1969) and Abhimaan (1973).

But his greater accomplishment in films has been pioneering straight forward and down-to-earth dialogues in Hindi cinema, which were known for its melodrama and extreme rhetoric content. [ [http://www.indianetzone.com/2/bollywood_writers.htm Bollywood Film Script writers] ]

He made his directorial debut with Hindi classic Dastak (1970), starring Sanjeev Kumar and Rehana Sultan, with music by Madan Mohan, and in the following decade he directed three more films, Phagun (1973), Nawab Sahib (1978) and Aankhin Dekhi (1978).

His writing was known for its sensitivity and earthiness. His classic novella Ek Chadar Maili Si was first made into a film in Pakistan, Mutthi Bhar Chawal (1978) [ [http://www.dawn.com/weekly/images/archive/050814/images1.htm Back to Classics] ] and later in India, as Ek Chadar Maili Si (1986) [ [http://picturesquepicture.blogspot.com/2007/10/ek-chadar-maili-si-1986.html A study of the film, "Ek Chadar Maili Si"] ] , a rare distinction for an Indian author to have his work picturised on both sides of the border.

His son Narender Bedi was also a Film director and the maker of films like Jawani Diwani (1972), Benaam (1974), Rafoo Chakkar (1975), Sanam Teri Kasam, he died in the 1982. Two years later in 1984, Rajinder Singh Bedi also died, in Bombay.

His short story 'Lajwanti' was made into a telefilm, by Neena Gupta in 2006. [ [http://www.telegraphindia.com/1060721/asp/etc/story_6499294.asp A telefilm Lajwanti by Neena Gupta] ]

In his memory, the Government of Punjab has started a 'Rajinder Singh Bedi Award' in the field of Urdu Literature. [ [http://www.punjabgovt.nic.in/GOVERNMENT/GOVT75P.HTM Language Department, Govt. of Punjab] ]

Biblography

* I Take This Woman. Penguin India. ISBN 0140240489.
* Rajinder Singh Bedi : Selected Short Stories (In English). New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi, 1989.
* Give Me Your Sorrows," trans. Leonard, Karen, Indian Literature, Delhi, 1968.
* Grahan (Urdu), Maktaba Jamia, 1992.
* Garam Kot (Urdu), Sang-e-Meel Publications.
* Majmua Rajindar Singh Bedi, Sang-e-Meel Publications.
* Sat Khel, Maktaba Jamia, 1982.
* Dastak, Hind Pocket Book, 1971.
* The Penguin Book of Classic Urdu Stories. Penguin, 2006.ISBN 0-67099-936-9.
* Lajwanti, Land of five rivers, Orient Paperbacks Delhi.

Filmography

* Ek Chadar Maili Si (1986) - Story
* Aankhin Dekhi (1978) - Director
* Mutthi Bhar Chawal (1978) - Story
* Nawab Sahib (1978) - Director
* Phagun (1973) - Director, Producer
* Abhimaan (1973) - Dialogue
* Grahan (1972) - Story
* Dastak (1970)- Direction, Screenwriter
* Satyakam (1969) - Dialogue
* Mere Hamdam Mere Dost (1968) - Screenwriter
* Baharon Ke Sapne (1967) - Dialogue
* Anupama (1966) - Dialogue
* Mere Sanam (1965) - Screenwriter, Dialogue
* Rangoli (1962) - Dialogue, Screenwriter
* Aas Ka Panchhi (1961) - Screenwriter
* Anuradha (1960) - Dialogue
* Bambai Ka Babu (1960) - Dialogue
* Madhumati (1958)- Dialogue
* Musafir (1957) _ Dialogue
* Basant Bahar (1956) - Dialogue
* Milap (1955) - Dialogue
* Garam Coat (1955) - Dialogue, Screenwriter
* Devdas (1955) - Dialogue
* Mirza Ghalib (1954)- Dialogue
* Daag (1952) - Dialogue
* Badi Bahen (1949) - Dialogue

Awards

* 1972 Padma Shri

Films

* 1959 Filmfare Best Dialogue Award - Madhumati (1958)
* 1971 Filmfare Best Dialogue Award - Satyakam (1969)

Literary Awards

* 1965 Sahitya Akademi Award Urdu :"Ek Chadar Maili Si" ('I Take This Woman') [ [http://www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in/old_version/awa10322.htm#urdu Sahitya Akademi Awards - Urdu] "1955-2007". Sahitya Akademi Official listings.]
* 1978 Ghalib Award - Urdu Drama. [ [http://www.ghalibinstitute.com/awards.htm Ghalib Award] ]

Books on Rajinder Singh Bedi

* "Rajinder Singh Bedi: A Study", by Varis Hussain Alvi. 2006. [ [http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1402148.cms The Times of India] "Times of India".]
* [http://books.google.com/books?id=_7ksAAAAIAAJ&q=Rajinder+Singh+Bedi&dq=Rajinder+Singh+Bedi&pgis=1 Rajinder Singh Bedi] "Sounds and Whispers: Reflections on the Literary Scene, 1984-86", by Abulkhair Kashfi, Syed Abu Ahmad Akif. Asasa Books, 1991. Chapter 25 - "Rajinder Singh Bedi:The Last Pillar Of Modem Urdu Short Story" , "page 111".

Further reading

* [http://dsal.uchicago.edu/books/annualofurdustudies/pager.html?volume=5&objectid=PK2151.A6152_5_087.gifProgressive Filmmaker: Films of Rajinder Singh Bedi - "Annual of Urdu Studies"]
* "India Partitioned: The Other Face of Freedom", edited by Mushirul Hasan. New Delhi, Roli Books, 1995
* "Shadow Lives — Writings on Widowhood". Edited by Uma Chakravarti and Preeti Gill. Kali for Women, New Delhi. 2002. [ [http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20020929/spectrum/book9.htm Writings on Widowhood] "The Tribune", September 29, 2002.]

References

ee also

* Urdu literature

External links

*
* [http://www.sikh-history.com/literature/stories/lajwanti.html Lajwanti - a short story by Rajinder Singh Bedi]
* [http://www.dawn.com/2003/01/07/fea.htm Japanese students stage Urdu drama:- Nakl-i-Makaani]
* [http://dsal.uchicago.edu/books/annualofurdustudies/pager.html?volume=5&objectid=PK2151.A6152_5_083.gif'A Woman' by Rajinder Singh Bedi]
* [http://social.chass.ncsu.edu/Jouvert/v1i2/Didur.htm Prabodh and Maitriya, an article by Rajinder Singh Bedi]
* [http://minds.wisconsin.edu/bitstream/1793/18229/2/16_Byer.pdf Reclaiming the Past: Rediscovery of the Primary Self in Two Novellas by Rajinder Singh Bedi and Qurratulain Hyder. Byer, Corinna, 2001 - The Annual of Urdu Studies.]