Nevil Sidgwick

Nevil Sidgwick
Born	8 May 1873 Oxford
Died	15 March 1952 Oxford
Nationality	English
Fields	chemistry
Institutions	University of Oxford
Doctoral advisor	Hans von Pechmann (University of Tübingen)
Known for	valency

Nevil Vincent Sidgwick (b in Oxford on 8 May 1873; d in Oxford on 15 March 1952) was an English theoretical chemist who made significant contributions to the theory of valency and chemical bonding.

After a few years at Rugby School, Sidgwick pursued undergraduate studies at Christ Church and a doctorate at the University of Tübingen.^[1] He spent almost his entire career in the city of his birth, becoming a Fellow of Lincoln College, Oxford in 1901, and Professor of Chemistry from 1935 to 1945.

Sidgwick became absorbed by the study of atomic structure and its importance in chemical bonding. He explained the bonding in coordination compounds (complexes), with a convincing account of the significance of the dative bond. Together with his students he demonstrated the existence and wide-ranging importance of the hydrogen bond.

In 1927 he proposed the inert pair effect which describes the stability of heavier p-block in an oxidation state two less than the maximum. In 1940 his Bakerian lecture with Herbert Marcus Powell correlated molecular geometry with the number of valence electrons on a central atom.^[2] These ideas were later developed into the VSEPR theory by Gillespie and Nyholm.

His works include The Organic Chemistry of Nitrogen (1910), The Electronic Theory of Valency (1927), Some Physical Properties of the Covalent Link in Chemistry (1933), and the definitive The Chemical Elements and their Compounds (1950).

He was made a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1922.

He died in Oxford on 15 March 1952.

The Sidgwick Laboratory in the Dyson Perrins Laboratory for organic chemistry and Sidgwick Close in front of the Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory at Oxford University were named after him.^[3]

References

1. ^ http://www.scs.uiuc.edu/~mainzv/Web_Genealogy/Info/sidgwicknv.pdf
2. ^ http://www.jstor.org/pss/97507 N.V.Sidgwick and H.M.Powell, Proc.Roy.Soc.A 176, 153-180 (1940) Bakerian Lecture. Stereochemical Types and Valency Groups
3. ^ Oxford FAQ

• Sidgwick, NV (1937), "MOLECULES.", Science 86 (2233): 335–340, 15 October 1937, doi:10.1126/science.86.2233.335, PMID 17751230 
• Sidgwick, NV (1931), "THE RELATION OF PHYSICS TO CHEMISTRY.", Science 73 (1889): 269–276, 13 March 1931, doi:10.1126/science.73.1889.269, PMID 17756018 

Persondata
Name	Sidgwick, Nevil Vincent
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	8 May 1873
Place of birth	Oxford
Date of death	15 March 1952
Place of death	Oxford

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This article about a British chemist is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.v · Categories: British chemists Theoretical chemists People from Oxford Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford Fellows of Lincoln College, Oxford Fellows of the Royal Society Old Rugbeians Royal Medal winners 1873 births 1952 deaths British academic biography stubs British chemist stubs Wikimedia Foundation. 2010. Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР? Fujian Normal University Fuzhou University Look at other dictionaries: Nevil — may refer to: Surname: Alex Nevil (born 1965), an American actor and younger brother of Robbie Nevil Dwight Nevil (born 1944), an American professional golfer Robbie Nevil (born 1958), an American pop singer songwriter/producer/guitarist Given… …   Wikipedia Sidgwick — ist der Familienname folgender Personen: Alfred Sidgwick (1850–1943), englischer Logiker und Philosoph Henry Sidgwick (1838–1900), englischer Philosoph Nevil Vincent Sidgwick (1873–1952), englischer Chemiker Diese Seite ist eine …   Deutsch Wikipedia Sidgwick —   [ sɪdʒwɪk],    1) Henry, britischer Philosoph, * Skipton (County North Yorkshire) 31. 5. 1838, ✝ Cambridge 28. 8. 1900; ab 1883 Professor in Cambridge; 1882 Mitbegründer der Society for Psychical Research. Ausgehend von der Moralphilosophie des …   Universal-Lexikon Sidgwick , Nevil Vincent — (1873–1952) British chemist Sidgwick, who was born in Oxford, came from a distinguished intellectual family; both his father and an uncle were Oxford classicists and another uncle was a professor of moral philosophy at Cambridge University. He… …   Scientists Sidgwick, Nevil Vincent — ▪ British chemist born May 8, 1873, Oxford died March 15, 1952, Oxford       English chemist who contributed to the understanding of chemical bonding, especially in coordination compounds.       Sidgwick s work in organic nitrogen compounds,… …   Universalium Lewis, Gilbert N. — ▪ American chemist Introduction in full  Gilbert Newton Lewis  born Oct. 23, 1875, Weymouth, Mass., U.S. died March 23, 1946, Berkeley, Calif.       American physical chemist best known for his contributions to chemical thermodynamics, the… …   Universalium VSEPR theory — Valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory is a model in chemistry used to predict the shape of individual molecules based upon the extent of electron pair electrostatic repulsion.[1] It is also named Gillespie–Nyholm theory after its… …   Wikipedia TREPEV — La Teoría de Repulsión de Pares de Electrones de Valencia (TRePEV o teoría RPECV)[1] es un modelo en química para predecir la forma de cada una de las moléculas basado en el grado de repulsión electrostática de los pares de electrones.[2] También …   Wikipedia Español Lincoln College, Oxford — Oxford College Infobox name = Lincoln College university = Oxford picture = colours = named for = Richard Fleming, Bishop of Lincoln established = 1427 sister college = Downing College, Cambridge head name = Rector head = Prof. Paul Langford JCR… …   Wikipedia 1952 in the United Kingdom — Events from the year 1952 in the United Kingdom.Incumbents*Monarch King George VI of the United Kingdom (until 6 February), Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom *Prime Minister Winston Churchill Conservative PartyEvents* 5 January Prime Minister… …   Wikipedia 18+ © Academic, 2000-2024 Contact us: Technical Support, Advertising Dictionaries export, created on PHP, Joomla, Drupal, WordPress, MODx. Mark and share Search through all dictionaries Translate… Search Internet Share the article and excerpts Direct link … Do a right-click on the link above and select “Copy Link”