Monahans, Texas

Monahans, Texas
—  City  —
Location of Monahans, Texas
Coordinates: 31°35′16″N 102°53′26″W / 31.58778°N 102.89056°W / 31.58778; -102.89056Coordinates: 31°35′16″N 102°53′26″W / 31.58778°N 102.89056°W / 31.58778; -102.89056
Country	United States
State	Texas
Counties	Ward, Winkler
Government
– Mayor	David Cutbirth
Area
– Total	24.8 sq mi (64.3 km2)
– Land	24.8 sq mi (64.3 km2)
– Water	0.0 sq mi (0.0 km2)
Elevation	2,621 ft (799 m)
Population (2000)
– Total	6,821
– Density	274.9/sq mi (106.2/km2)
Time zone	Central (CST) (UTC-6)
– Summer (DST)	CDT (UTC-5)
ZIP code	79756
Area code(s)	432
FIPS code	48-48936[1]
GNIS feature ID	1363045[2]
Website	www.cityofmonahans.org

Monahans is a city in and the county seat of Ward County, Texas, United States.^[3] A very small portion of the city extends into Winkler County. The population was 6,821 at the 2000 census.

History

Oblique air photo of part of Monahans facing northeast in 2011.

The Permian Basin, home to Monahans and Midland/Odessa MSA, is 250 miles (400 km) wide and 300 miles (480 km) long - Monahans is "The Center of the Permian Basin". The basin was formed during the Permian Period, the final portion of the Paleozoic Era. At the time, it was an ocean filled with abundant aquatic life.

In 1583, a Spanish explorer named Antonio de Espejo crossed this area on his way through present-day New Mexico. The Indians in the Monahans region were called "Vaqueros" by these Spanish explorers because they hunted the "hump-backed cow" or bison. Records of Spanish exploring the Los Medano (the sand dunes) outside Monahans can be traced to the early 1770s.

Located in a region where native Comanches, Mescalero, and Lipan Apache Indians once roamed, Monahans' history as a community extends back to the late 1880s with the expansion of the Texas and Pacific Railway across the south plains. For the few people living in West Texas, the building of a transcontinental railroad through the area meant the arrival of civilization. In the summer of 1881, Texas and Pacific Railroad contracted with surveyor John Thomas Monahan, who discovered that the lack of water for the laying crew and their animals would slow down construction of the rail. Monahans' digging of a water well produced an abundance of good water (250,000 US gallons (950,000 L) a day) and was instrumental in the success of the city. Prior to this solution, water had to be hauled from the area of Big Spring, Texas.

The availability of cheap land encouraged settlers to form a small community on the track known as Monahans Well. However, when oil was discovered in the area in 1926, the destiny of the community changed directions. Oil discovery brought people of many occupations and of varied interests to Monahans. The local economy began to change from an agricultural to an industrial economy,

"Monahans" is the name of an Application Processor (PXA 32x) that Intel developed and later sold to Marvell.

Million Barrel Oil Tank

Monahans is the home of the Million Barrel Oil Tank. Shell Oil Co. constructed the tank in 1928 to hold crude oil waiting to be shipped. However, because of leakage and evaporation, the tank was not effective and was dismantled during the 1930s. It is now home of the Million Barrel Museum. Mules hauled wood and cement to the site and the men worked around the clock for 90 days to construct the huge vessel in 1928. That was when oil first was discovered in West Texas and was flowing about 500 barrels (79 m³) daily. One may visit the Million Barrel Oil Museum daily and learn more about the history of Monahans.

Monahans Sandhills State Park

Thousands of tourists each year visit Monahans Sandhills State Park near Monahans. Sand surfing and sand football games can be seen year round, but particularly between March and November. Monahans Sandhills State Park is host to many family picnics and youth activities. The park is also a site for weddings. Many people visit the Sandhills at night to inquire about the "Lady of Oil" legend.

Demographics

As of the census^[1] of 2000, there were 6,821 people, 2,496 households, and 1,837 families residing in the city. The population density was 274.9 people per square mile (106.2/km²). There were 3,015 housing units at an average density of 121.5 per square mile (46.9/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 79.30% White, 5.16% African American, 0.35% Native American, 0.35% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 12.51% from other races, and 2.29% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 43.66% of the population.

There were 2,496 households out of which 38.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.4% were married couples living together, 13.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.4% were non-families. 24.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.19.

In the city the population was spread out with 30.3% under the age of 18, 8.2% from 18 to 24, 25.7% from 25 to 44, 21.5% from 45 to 64, and 14.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 93.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $30,349, and the median income for a family was $36,726. Males had a median income of $31,307 versus $18,086 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,100. About 14.7% of families and 16.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.1% of those under age 18 and 18.1% of those age 65 or over.

Government and infrastructure

The Texas Department of Criminal Justice operates the Monahans District Parole Office in Monahans.^[4]

The United States Postal Service operates the Monahans Post Office.^[5]

Education

Public education in the city of Monahans is provided by the Monahans-Wickett-Pyote Independent School District.

Notable persons

• Guy Clark, American songwriter and country musician. The city is mentioned on a number of his songs as well as in his 1997 live album Keepers during a musical interlude.
• Danny Mason (1938-2007), golf coach (1969-1980) and physical education professor at Texas Tech University.
• Kathy Whitworth, professional golfer.
• Natalie Zea (born March 17, 1975), actress currently starring in the television series Justified.

Transportation

The Texas-New Mexico Railroad operates a 104-mile (167 km) branch line from a connection with the Union Pacific at Monahans. The branch line was constructed between 1928-1930 and terminates at Lovington, New Mexico.

References

1. ^ ^{a b} "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
2. ^ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. http://geonames.usgs.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
3. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx. Retrieved 2011-06-07. 
4. ^ "DIRECTORY - REGIONAL AND DISTRICT PAROLE OFFICES REGION V." Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Retrieved on July 28, 2010.
5. ^ "Post Office™ Location - MONAHANS." United States Postal Service. Retrieved on July 28, 2010.

External links

Texas portal

• City of Monahans - Official site.
• Monahans Chamber of Commerce
• Monahans-Wicket-Pyote ISD Homepage