Joseph Schalk

Joseph Schalk (24 March 1857 – 7 November 1900) was an Austrian conductor, musicologist and pianist. His name is often given as Josef Schalk.

Schalk was born in Vienna, Austria, and together with older brother Franz, was a student of composer Anton Bruckner (1824-1896), and a friend of composer Hugo Wolf (1860-1903). He was a prominent figure in Viennese musical life of the late nineteenth-century, a vocal advocate for the music of Wagner, Bruckner and Wolf: in this capacity he was opposed to the more conservative supporters of Brahms who were led by the critic Eduard Hanslick. As president of the Vienna Wagner Society, Schalk was active in arranging performances of Bruckner's work: he also popularized his teacher's music by arranging it for piano performance, writing articles and arranging for its publication. [cite book
title=Wagner In Performance
pages=125
url=http://books.google.com/books?id=ZKVgO3TFCVMC&pg=PA125&vq=%22josef+schalk%22&dq=%22wagner+in+performance%22&sig=BVPOB-X25Y18Z428CtSoTEK7mC4
first=Barry
last=Millington
coauthors=Stewart Spencer
publisher=Yale University Press
year=1992
isbn=0300057180] [Jackson, [http://books.google.com/books?id=TLa2B_E2bsUC&pg=PR12&vq=%22josef+schalk%22&dq=%22Bruckner+Studies%22&sig=L87YtSIBNNVMawtJ1xjuetLciKk p. xii] ] He played a comparable role in popularizing Wolf's music. [cite book
pages=17
first=Amanda
last=Glauert
title=Hugo Wolf and the Wagnerian Inheritance
isbn=0521496373
publisher=Cambridge University Press
year=1999] Bruckner is said to have referred to him as "Herr Generalissimus". [cite book
first=Romain
last=Rolland
title=Musicians of Today
coauthors=Mary Blaiklock (trans.)
pages=185
url=http://books.google.com/books?id=8JxnUtLzASwC&pg=PA185&vq=%22joseph+schalk%22&dq=%22musicians+of+today%22&sig=inF-l3LlPmvXZMbGnfRXMznUADA
location=Freeport, NY
publisher=Books For Libraries Press
year=1969
origdate=1915
isbn=0836911881]

Schalk was involved in the preparation of several of Bruckner's scores for their first publication or performance: these include the Third [Horton, [http://books.google.com/books?id=P48fIaydaigC&pg=PA40&vq=schalk&dq=%22Bruckner%27s+Symphonies:+Analysis,+Reception+and+Cultural+Politics%22&sig=IxqEBfEF5SL1jw6ryfJ_nKMQBes p. 12] ] and Eighth [Horton, [http://books.google.com/books?id=P48fIaydaigC&pg=PA84&vq=schalk&dq=%22Bruckner%27s+Symphonies:+Analysis,+Reception+and+Cultural+Politics%22&sig=qQ0Z-ljT8-MaI9K4eHw4MY8tuzQ p. 84] ] symphonies, along with the "Mass in F Minor". [citation
first=Paul
last=Hawkshaw
contribution=An anatomy of change: Bruckner's revisions to the Mass in F Minor
pages=30
url=http://books.google.com/books?id=TLa2B_E2bsUC&pg=PA30&vq=%22josef+schalk%22&dq=%22Bruckner+Studies%22&sig=Sd2ODvKISl-jMrLpzJmLKl78ePI in Jackson (1997).]

Schalk wrote a series of articles under the collective title "Das Gesetz der Tonalität" ("the foundation of tonality") which laid down his theory of harmony, based on his teaching from Bruckner. [Watson, [http://books.google.com/books?id=TLa2B_E2bsUC&pg=PA122&vq=%22josef+schalk%22&dq=%22Bruckner+Studies%22&sig=uxCELF9Ep4Gnhs8JwcWsYoasAvU p. 122] ]

He was later a professor at the Vienna Conservatory. Upon Bruckner's death, Schalk was named administrator of his library of music scores.

Writings

*citation
first=Josef
last=Schalk
title=Das Gesetz der Tonalität
journal=Bayreuther Blätter
date=1888/1889
volume=11,12,13

References

Bibliography

*cite book
title=Bruckner's Symphonies: Analysis, Reception and Cultural Politics
first=Julian
last=Horton
isbn=0521823544
publisher=Cambridge University Press
year=2004
*cite book
title=Bruckner Studies
first=Timothy L.
last=Jackson
coauthors=Paul Hawkshaw (ed.)
isbn=052157014X
year=1997
publisher=Cambridge University Press
*citation
first=Robert W.
last=Watson
contribution=Josef Schalk and the theory of harmony at the end of the nineteenth century
pages=122-139 in Jackson (1997).