Lord Edward Gleichen

Major-General Lord (Albert) Edward Wilfred Gleichen, KCVO, CB, CMG, DSO (15 January 1863–14 December 1937) was a British courtier and soldier.Born Count Albert Edward Wilfred Gleichen, he was the only son of Prince Victor of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (a half-nephew of Queen Victoria) and his wife, Laura Williamina (a sister of the 5th Marquess of Hertford). He served as a Page of Honour to The Queen from 1874 to 1879.

Gleichen joined the Grenadier Guards in 1881 and gradually rose through the ranks over the years, eventually becoming a Major General. He served in the short-lived Guards Camel Regiment in the Sudan campaign in 1884-5, with the Egyptian army in the Dongala campaign in 1896, and in the Second Boer War in 1899-1900. He was Sudan agent in Cairo from 1901 to 1903, then Military Attaché to Berlin from 1903 to 1906. He and Kaiser Wilhelm II fell out, and Gleichen was sent to be Military Attachéin Washington D.C. from 1906 1907. He met the Wright brothers while in Washington and wrote a report on their aircraft, but also failed to form a relationship with U.S. President Teddy Roosevelt. He was Assistant Director of Military Operations from 1907 to 1911. He served in the First World War, commanding the 15th Brigade from 1911 to 1915, and then the 37th Division from 1915 to 1916. He was Director of the Intelligence Bureau at the Department of Information from 1917 to 1918.

He wrote a number of books, including "With the Camel Corps up the Nile" (1888), "With the mission to Menelik" (1898), "The doings of the Fifteenth Infantry Brigade, August 1914 to March 1915" (1917), "London's open air statuary" (1928) and "A Guardsman's Memories" (1932).

Gleichen's comital title, shared by his sisters, derived from his mother, who had received it from Ernst II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, shortly before her morganatic marriage to his father. Gleichen had been an hereditary estate of the Princes of Hohenlohe in Germany since 1631, and their father voluntarily used it as a comital title to place himself on the same social footing as his wife. But Edward was not entitled to any land or revenues derived from this dynastic property.

On 15 December 1885, the Court Circular announced Queen Victoria's permission for Edward's mother to share his father's rank at the Court of St. James's, and henceforth they were known as TSH Prince and Princess Victor of Hohenlohe-Langenburg. But the Queen did not extend that privilege to their children, although she confirmed use of their German style as count and countesses. In 1913, Edward was granted precedence before marquesses in the Peerage of England (whilst his sisters were granted precedence before the daughters of dukes in the English peerage).

When King George V commanded his German relatives domiciled in Britain to Anglicize their names and titles in 1917, the Gleichens' 1913 precedence was reduced to that of younger son/daughters of a marquess in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. This was because only marquisal rank was conferred upon the King's nearer, heretofore princely relatives, the Tecks and Battenbergs. Although inexplicably allowed to retain their German surname, the Gleichens relinquished use of the comital title and acquired the prefix of Lord or Lady, although this was not hereditary for Edward's descendants as his countship had been.

On 2 July 1910, Gleichen married Hon. Sylvia Gay Edwardes (a niece of the 4th Baron Kensington), who was a Maid of Honour to Queens Victoria and Alexandra. They had no children.

Honours and awards

*1897: Order of the Star of Ethiopia (Third Class) - for his contributions on a Mission to Ethopia.
*1898: Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George - for his contributions on a Mission to Ethopia.
*1900: Companion of the Distinguished Service Order - for his contributions in the Second Boer War.
*1901: Commander of the Royal Victorian Order
*1905: Order of the Medjidie (Second Class) - for his services in the Egyptian Army
*1906: Companion of the Order of the Bath
*1909: Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order
*Unknown dates: Commander of the Legion of Honour, Order of the Dannebrog (First Class)

References

* [http://www.gazette-online.co.uk The London Gazette]
* [http://www.burkes-peerage.net/ Burke's Peerage & Gentry, 107th edition]
* [http://www.firstworldwar.bham.ac.uk/nicknames/gleichen.htm Centre for First World War Studies]
* [http://www.kcl.ac.uk/lhcma/locreg/GLEICHEN.shtml Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives]