- Odalisque
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This article is about the women in the Ottoman Empire. For other uses, see Odalisque (disambiguation).
An odalisque (Turkish: Odalık) was a female slave in an Ottoman seraglio. She was an assistant or apprentice to the concubines and wives, and she might rise in status to become one of them. Most odalisques were part of the Imperial Harem, that is, the household of the sultan.
Contents
Etymology
The word "odalisque" is French in form and originates from the Turkish odalık, meaning "chambermaid", from oda, "chamber" or "room". It can also be transliterated odahlic, odalisk, and odaliq.
Status
An odalisque was not a concubine of the harem, but it was possible that she could become one. Odalisques were ranked at the bottom of the social stratification of a harem, serving not the man of the household, but rather, his concubines and wives as personal chambermaids. Odalisques were usually slaves given as gifts to the sultan, bought or given by wealthy Turkish men. Generally, an odalisque was never seen by the sultan, but instead remained under the direct supervision of his mother, the Valide sultan. If an odalisque was of extraordinary beauty or had exceptional talents in dancing or singing, she would be trained as a possible concubine. If selected, an odalisque trained as a concubine would serve the sultan sexually, and only after such sexual contact would she change in status, becoming thenceforth a concubine. In the Ottoman Empire, concubines encountered the sultan only once—unless she was especially skilled in dance, singing, or the sexual arts, and thus gained his attention. If a concubine's contact with the sultan resulted in the birth of a son, she would become one of his wives.
Later usage
Odalisque with a slave by Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres, painted in 1842
Odalisque painted by Jules Joseph Lefebvre (1874)W.S. Gilbert refers to the 'Grace of an odalisque on a divan' in Colonel Calverley's song 'If you Want A Receipt For That Popular Mystery' from the Gilbert and Sullivan opera 'Patience'.
In popular use, the word odalisque also may refer to a mistress, concubine or paramour of a wealthy man.
During the 19th century, odalisques became common fantasy figures in the artistic movement known as Orientalism, being featured in many erotic paintings from that era.
See also
Sources
- The Imperial Harem by Leslie Pierce
- The Nature of the Early Ottoman State by Heath W Lowry
External links
Categories:- Sexuality and society
- Women of the Ottoman Empire
- Harem
- Ottoman slaves
- Words of Turkish origin
- History of the Ottoman Empire
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