- Nikolai Burdenko
Nikolai Nilovich Burdenko ( _ru. Николай Нилович Бурденко) (OldStyleDate|22 May|1876|
3 June –11 November 1946 ) was aRussia nsurgeon , the founder of the Russianneurosurgery . He was a Head surgeon of theRed Army (1937-1946), an academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences (from 1939), an academician and the first president of theAcademy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, (1944-1946), aHero of Socialist Labor (from 1943),colonel-general of medicine,Stalin Prize -winner (1941). He was a participant of the Russo-Japanese, First World, Winter and Great Patriotic wars.Nikolai Burdenko was born
3 June 1876 in the village of Kamenka of the Nizhnelomovskyuezd . In 1891 he entered to the theological seminary and after graduation in 1897 he went toTomsk where has entered into the recently openedTomsk State University . After finishing two courses, Burdenko was excluded from the university for the participation in the student revolutionary movement and was forced to leave Tomsk. In 1906 he graduated from theUniversity of Tartu and became in 1910 the professor of this university. In 1918 he becomes the professor of theUniversity of Voronezh , from 1923 he was the professor of the medical department of theMoscow State University . This department in 1930 was reorganized into the1st Moscow medical institute . Here he to the end of the life led the surgical clinic of the faculty, which bears now his name.Since 1929 Burdenkos was the director of the neurosurgical clinic of the
X-ray institute of thePeople's Commissariat of Public Health, on the base of which in 1934 was founded the world's first neurosurgical institute. DuringWorld War II , 1n 1944, Burdenko was appointed as the chairman of theExtraordinary State Commission of theKatyn massacre . In the fact-finding of the commission, led by Burdenko, responsibility for these crimes was laid on the Germans; those findings are now considered by the CIA false and ordered by the Soviet government, which was responsible for the massacre [https://www.cia.gov/csi/studies/winter99-00/art6.html] .Nikolai Burdenko one of the first introduced into the clinical practice the surgery of central and
peripheral nervous system ; he investigated the reason for appearance and the methods of treating shock, made a large contribution to the study of the processes, which appear in the central and peripheral nervous system in connection with the surgical operation in the case of the sharp injuries; he developed thebulbotomy - operation on the upper division of thespinal cord . Burdenko created the school of surgeons with the sharply pronounced experimental direction. Works in the domains of theoncology of central andvegetative nervous system ,pathology of theliquor circulation , cerebralblood circulation , etc. were the valuable contribution of Burdenko and his school to theory and practice of neurosurgery.It was rewarded with 3
Order of Lenin , with other orders and medals. He was the honorary member of theInternational Society of surgeons ,Royal Society ofLondon .The name of Burdenko bear the SRI of the neurosurgery in
Moscow , Сentral military hospital, the faculty of the surgical clinic of theSechenov 's medical academy,Penza provincial clinical hospital, street in Moscow, street inVoronezh .Also
asteroid 6754 Burdenko named in his honour.External links
* [http://www.peoples.ru/medicine/surgery/burdenko/ Biography]
* [http://lib.baikal.net/win.cgi/PROZA/NILIN/burdenko.txt Pavel Nilin. Exciting life]
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