Iris pseudacorus

Iris pseudacorus

Taxobox
name = "Iris pseudacorus"



image_width = 250px
image_caption = yellow iris
regnum = Plantae
divisio = Magnoliophyta
classis = Liliopsida
ordo = Asparagales
familia = Iridaceae
subfamilia = Iridoideae
tribus = Irideae
genus = "Iris"
subgenus = "Limniris"
sectio = "Limniris"
species = "I. pseudacorus"
binomial = "Iris pseudacorus"
binomial_authority = L.

"Iris pseudacorus" is a species of "Iris", native to Europe, western Asia and northwest Africa. Common names include yellow iris and yellow flag. Its specific epithet, meaning "false acorus," refers to the similarity of its leaves to those of "Acorus calamus", as they have a prominently veined mid-rib and sword-like shape.

It is a herbaceous perennial plant growing to 1-1.5 m (or a rare 2 m) tall, with erect leaves up to 90 cm long and 3 cm broad. The flowers are bright yellow, 7-10 cm across, with the typical iris form. The fruit is a dry capsule 4-7 cm long, containing numerous pale brown seeds.

"Iris pseudacorus" grows best in very wet conditions, and is often common in wetlands, where it tolerates submersion, low pH, and anoxic soils. The plant spreads quickly, by both rhizome and water-dispersed seed. It fills a similar niche to that of "Typha" and often grows with it, though usually in less deep water. While it is primarily an aquatic plant, the rhizomes can survive prolonged dry conditions. Yellow iris has been used as a form of water treatment since it has the ability to take up heavy metals through its roots.

Large iris stands in western Scotland form a very important feeding and breeding habitat for the endangered Corn Crake.

"I. pseudacorus" is one of two Iris species native to Britain, the other being Stinking Iris ("Iris foetidissima").

Cultivation and uses

The rhizome has historically been used as a herbal remedy, most often as an emetic. When applied to the skin or inhaled, the tannin-rich juices can be acrid and irritating.

It has been planted nearly worldwide as an ornamental plant, with several cultivars selected for bog garden planting.

In some regions it has escaped from cultivation to establish itself as an invasive aquatic plant which can create dense, monotypic stands that outcompete other plants in the ecosystem. Where it is invasive, it is tough to remove on a large scale. Even ploughing the rhizomes is often ineffective, and its eradication is highly unlikely. It has been banned in some areas but is still widely sold in others for use in gardens, and it will continue to be planted by gardeners unaware of or unconcerned with its invasive potential.

ee also

*Fleur-de-lis
*Flag of the Brussels-Capital Region

References

* [http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Iris&SPECIES_XREF=pseudacorus&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK= Flora Europaea: "Iris pseudacorus"]
* [http://www.pfaf.org/database/plants.php?Iris+pseudacorus Plants for a Future: "Iris pseudacorus"]
* [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?20385 Germplasm Resources Information Network: "Iris pseudacorus"]


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  • Iris pseudacorus — Iris des marais Iris des marais …   Wikipédia en Français

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  • Iris pseudacorus — Sumpf Schwertlilie Sumpf Schwertlilie Systematik Klasse: Einkeimblättrige (Liliopsida) Unte …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Iris Pseudacorus — Water flag Wa ter flag (Bot.) A European species of Iris ({Iris Pseudacorus}) having bright yellow flowers. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Iris pseudacorus — geltonasis vilkdalgis statusas T sritis vardynas atitikmenys: lot. Iris pseudacorus angl. common yellow iris; yellow flag; water flag vok. gelbe Schwertlilie; Sumpf Schwertlilie; Wasser Schwertlilie rus. ирис болотный; касатик аировидный; касатик …   Dekoratyvinių augalų vardynas

  • Iris pseudacorus — ID 42277 Symbol Key IRPS Common Name paleyellow iris Family Iridaceae Category Monocot Division Magnoliophyta US Nativity Introduced to U.S. US/NA Plant Yes State Distribution AL, AR, CA, CT, DC, DE, FL, GA, ID, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI …   USDA Plant Characteristics

  • Iris pseudacorus — noun common yellow flowered iris of Europe and North Africa, naturalized in United States and often cultivated • Syn: ↑yellow iris, ↑yellow flag, ↑yellow water flag • Hypernyms: ↑iris, ↑flag, ↑fleur de lis, ↑sword lily …   Useful english dictionary

  • Iris pseudacorus L. — многол.; VI Сем. Iridaceae – Касатиковые (Ирисовые) 68. Род Iris L. – Касатик 161. Касатик желтый Черноольхово еловые топи. Единственное местонахождение. В кв. 38 …   Флора Центрально-лесного государственного заповедника

  • Iris pseudacorus L. — Symbol IRPS Common Name paleyellow iris Botanical Family Iridaceae …   Scientific plant list

  • Iris Des Marais — Iris des marais …   Wikipédia en Français

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