Calcipotriol

Calcipotriol
Calcipotriol
Systematic (IUPAC) name
(1R,3S,5E)-5-{2-[(1R,3aS,4Z,7aR)-1-[(2R,3E)-5-cyclopropyl-5-hydroxypent-3-en-2-yl]-7a-methyl-octahydro-1H-inden-4-ylidene]ethylidene}-4-methylidenecyclohexane-1,3-diol
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com monograph
MedlinePlus a608018
Pregnancy cat. B3 (Au), C (US)
Legal status POM (UK) -only (US)
Routes Topical
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability 5 to 6%
Metabolism Hepatic
Excretion Biliary
Identifiers
CAS number 112965-21-6 YesY
ATC code D05AX02
PubChem CID 5288783
DrugBank DB02300
ChemSpider 4450880 YesY
UNII 143NQ3779B YesY
KEGG D01125 YesY
ChEBI CHEBI:50749 YesY
ChEMBL CHEMBL100918 N
Chemical data
Formula C27H40O3 
Mol. mass 412.605 g/mol
SMILES eMolecules & PubChem
 N(what is this?)  (verify)

Calcipotriol (INN) or calcipotriene (USAN) is a synthetic derivative of calcitriol or vitamin D. It is used in the treatment of psoriasis, marketed under the trade name Dovonex or Daivonex.

Contents

Mechanism

The efficacy of calcipotriol in the treatment of psoriasis was first noticed by the observation of patients receiving various forms of vitamin D in an osteoporosis study. Unexpectedly, a patient's psoriasis lesions dramatically disappeared.[1]

The precise mechanism of calcipotriol in remitting psoriasis is not well-understood. However, it has been shown to have comparable affinity with calcitriol for the vitamin D receptor (VDR), while being less than 1% as active as the calcitriol in regulating calcium metabolism. The vitamin D receptor belongs to the steroid/thyroid receptor superfamily, and is found on the cells of many different tissues including the thyroid, bone, kidney, and T cells of the immune system. T cells are known to play a role in psoriasis, and it is thought that the binding of calcipotriol to the VDR modulates the T cells gene transcription of cell differentiation and proliferation related genes.

Usage and efficacy

Available as a cream, ointment or scalp solution (50 µg/mL), calcipotriol is applied twice daily to plaque psoriasis on the body or scalp, but not the face. Improvement is usually detectable within 2 weeks. Most patients show some improvement, slightly more so than is seen with the use of corticosteroids alone. Tachyphylaxis does not occur, an improvement over glucocorticoid therapy.[2]

Side effects

Calcipotriol has been shown in clinical trials to have an excellent safety profile.[3] Reports of hypercalcemia are rare.[4]

It is also available in combination with the synthetic glucocorticoid betamethasone as betamethasone/calcipotriol.

References

  1. ^ Morimoto, S., Kumahara, Y. A patient with psoriasis cured by 1-α-hydroxyvitamin D3. Med. J. Osaka Univ., 1985, 35:51-54
  2. ^ Kragbelle, K. Treatment of psoriasis with calcipotriol and other Vitamin D analogues. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol., 1992, 27:1001-1008.
  3. ^ Brunton, Laurence. Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 11th ed. McGraw-Hill, 2006. p. 1664. p. 1704-5.
  4. ^ Hardman et al. Hypercalcaemia associated with calcipotriol (DOVONEX) treatment. Br Med J., 1993, 306:896.

External links


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