Outline of logic

Outline of logic

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to logic:

Logicformal science of using reason, considered a branch of both philosophy and mathematics. Logic investigates and classifies the structure of statements and arguments, both through the study of formal systems of inference and through the study of arguments in natural language. The scope of logic can therefore be very large, ranging from core topics such as the study of fallacies and paradoxes, to specialized analyses of reasoning such as probability, correct reasoning, and arguments involving causality. One of the aims of logic is to identify the correct (or valid) and incorrect (or fallacious) inferences. Logicians study the criteria for the evaluation of arguments.

Contents

Foundations of logic

Philosophical logic

Philosophical logic

Informal logic and critical thinking

Informal logic

Critical thinking

Argumentation theory

Deductive reasoning

Theories of deduction




Fallacies

Formal logic

Mathematical logic, symbolic logic and formal logic are largely, if not completely synonymous. The essential feature of this field is the use of formal languages to express the ideas whose logical validity is being studied.

Formal logic –

Symbols and strings of symbols

Logical symbols





Logical connectives

Logical connective

Strings of symbols

Types of propositions

Rules of inference




Formal theories

Expressions in an object language

Expressions in a metalanguage

Propositional and boolean logic

Propositional logic




Boolean logic

Boolean algebra

Boolean logic

Boolean algebra (structure)


Predicate logic and relations

Predicate logic




Relations




Mathematical logic

Mathematical logic

Set theory

Set theory




Metalogic

Metalogic – The study of the metatheory of logic.

Proof theory

Proof theory – The study of deductive apparatus.

Model theory

Model theory – The study of interpretation of formal systems.

Computability theory




Classical logic

Classical logic

Term logic




Non-classical logic

Non-classical logic

Deviant logic

Modal logic

Modal logic

Concepts of logic


Mathematical logic











  • Rule of inference
  • Inference procedure –
  • Inference rule –
  • Introduction rule –



Logical connectives Hasse diagram.svg



  • Major premise –
  • Minor premise –





History of logic

Logicians

Literature




Lists

See also

External links


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Logic — For other uses, see Logic (disambiguation). Philosophy …   Wikipedia

  • Outline of discrete mathematics — The following outline is presented as an overview of and topical guide to discrete mathematics: Discrete mathematics – study of mathematical structures that are fundamentally discrete rather than continuous. In contrast to real numbers that have… …   Wikipedia

  • Logic and the philosophy of mathematics in the nineteenth century — John Stillwell INTRODUCTION In its history of over two thousand years, mathematics has seldom been disturbed by philosophical disputes. Ever since Plato, who is said to have put the slogan ‘Let no one who is not a geometer enter here’ over the… …   History of philosophy

  • logic, history of — Introduction       the history of the discipline from its origins among the ancient Greeks to the present time. Origins of logic in the West Precursors of ancient logic       There was a medieval tradition according to which the Greek philosopher …   Universalium

  • Outline of algebraic structures — In universal algebra, a branch of pure mathematics, an algebraic structure is a variety or quasivariety. Abstract algebra is primarily the study of algebraic structures and their properties. Some axiomatic formal systems that are neither… …   Wikipedia

  • Outline of science — The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to science: Science – in the broadest sense refers to any system of objective knowledge. In a more restricted sense, science refers to a system of acquiring knowledge based on… …   Wikipedia

  • Outline of philosophy — For other uses, see Philosophy (disambiguation). See also: Index of philosophy articles The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to philosophy: Philosophy – study of general and fundamental problems concerning matters …   Wikipedia

  • Outline of history — History articles Alphabetical index: 0 9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Outline  |  Portal  |  Timelines  |  Category The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to… …   Wikipedia

  • Outline of Buddhism — See also: Index of Buddhism related articles Flag of Buddhism …   Wikipedia

  • Outline of humanism — See also: Outline of transhumanism The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to humanism: Humanism – broad category of active ethical philosophies that affirm the dignity and worth of all people, based on the ability… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”