- Hamamelis virginiana
Taxobox
name = "Hamamelis virginiana"
image_width = 240px
image_caption = Leaves and flowers
regnum =Plant ae
divisio = Magnoliophyta
classis =Magnoliopsida
ordo =Saxifragales
familia =Hamamelidaceae
genus = "Hamamelis"
species = "H. virginiana"
binomial = "Hamamelis virginiana"
binomial_authority = L."Hamamelis virginiana" is a species of
Witch-hazel native to easternNorth America , fromNova Scotia west toMinnesota , and south to centralFlorida to easternTexas .Flora of North America: [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=220006023 "Hamamelis virginiana"] ]It is a
deciduous largeshrub growing to 6 m (rarely to 10 m) tall, with a dense cluster of stems from the base. Thebark is light brown, smooth, scaly, inner bark reddish purple. The branchlets are pubescent at first, later smooth, light orange brown, marked with occasional white dots, finally dark or reddish brown. The foliage buds are acute, slightly falcate, downy, light brown. The leaves are oval, 3.7-16.7 cm long and 2.5-13 cm broad, oblique at the base, acute or rounded at the apex, with a wavy-toothed or shallowly lobed margin, and a short, stout petiole 6-15 mm long; the midrib is more or less hairy, stout, with six to seven pairs of primary veins. The young leaves open involute, covered with stellate rusty down; when full grown, they are dark green above, and paler beneath. In fall, they turn yellow with rusty spots. The leafstipule s are lanceolate, acute; they fall soon after the leaf expands. Theflower s are pale to bright yellow, rarely orange or reddish, with four ribbon-shapedpetal s 10-20 mm long and four short stamens, and grow in clusters; flowering begins in about mid fall and continues until late fall. The flowercalyx is deeply four-parted, very downy, orange brown within, imbricate in bud, persistent, cohering with the base of the ovary. Two or three bractlets appear at base. Thefruit is a hard woody capsule 10-14 mm long, which splits explosively at the apex at maturity one year after pollination, ejecting the two shiny blackseed s up to 10 m distant from the parent plant. It can be distinguished from the related "Hamamelis vernalis " by its flowering in fall, not winter.Flora of North America: [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=114541 "Hamamelis"] ] Missouriplants: [http://www.missouriplants.com/Yellowalt/Hamamelis_virginiana_page.html "Hamamelis"] ] cite book | last =Keeler | first =H. L. | title =Our Native Trees and How to Identify Them | publisher =Charles Scriber's Sons | date =1900 | location =New York | pages =157-160 ]Uses
The forked twigs of Witch Hazel are preferred as
divining rod s. An extract of the plant is used in the astringent witch hazel. The bark and leaves were used by native Americans in the treatment of external inflammations. "Pond's Extract" was a popular distillation of the bark in dilute alcohol. The wood is light reddish brown, sapwood nearly white; heavy, hard, close-grained, with a density of 0.68.References
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