Cumulus oophorus

Cumulus oophorus
Cumulus oophorus
Gray1164.png
Section of vesicular ovarian follicle of cat. X 50. (Discus proligerus labeled at lower left.)
Gray's subject #266 1256

The cumulus oophorus (Latin cumulus=heap, Greek oo=egg + phorus=carrying), also called discus proligerus, is a cluster of cells (called cumulus cells) that surround the oocyte both in the ovarian follicle and after ovulation. In the antral follicle, it may be regarded as an extension of the membrana granulosa.

This layer of cells must be penetrated by the spermatocyte in order for fertilization to occur.

Contents

Functions

Functions of the cumulus oophorus include coordination of follicular development and oocyte maturation.[1] Mechanisms of the latter include stimulation of amino acid transport and sterol biosynthesis and regulation of oocyte gene transcription.[1]

It also provides energy substrates for oocyte meiotic resumption and promotes glycolysis.[1]

In addition, it provides protection for the oocyte.[1]

Gene expression profiling

As a part of the process of in vitro fertilization, gene expression profiling of cumulus cells can be performed to estimate oocyte quality and the efficiency of an ovarian hyperstimulation protocol, and may indirectly predict oocyte aneuploidy, embryo development and pregnancy outcomes.[1] Increased knowledge in these aspects is useful in, for example, embryo selection.[1]

In gene expression profiling of cumulus cells, genes where increased expression is correlated with higher oocyte competence or better pregnancy outcomes include: HAS2, GREM1 and PTGS2.[1]

In contrast, genes where increased expression is correlated with lower oocyte competence or worse pregnancy outcomes include: BDNF, CCND2, CXCR4, GPX3, HSPB1, DVL3, DHCR7, CTNND1, TRIM28, STAR, AREG, CX43, PTGS2, SCD1 and SCD5.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Fauser, B. C. J. M.; Diedrich, K.; Bouchard, P.; Dominguez, F.; Matzuk, M.; Franks, S.; Hamamah, S.; Simon, C. et al. (2011). "Contemporary genetic technologies and female reproduction". Human Reproduction Update 17 (6): 829–847. doi:10.1093/humupd/dmr033. PMC 3191938. PMID 21896560. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3191938.  edit

External links

This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained within it may be outdated.



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Look at other dictionaries:

  • cumulus oophorus — cumulus ooph·o·rus ō äf ə rəs n CUMULUS * * * ovarian cumulus a solid mass of follicular cells surrounding the oocyte in the side of a developing vesicular ovarian follicle. Ovarian follicle showing the cumulus oophorus surrounding the oocyte …   Medical dictionary

  • Cumulus oophorus — kiaušinėlio iškyla statusas T sritis histologija atitikmenys: lot. Cumulus oophorus; Cumulus ovifer ryšiai: platesnis terminas – kiaušidės žievė …   Medicininės histologijos ir embriologijos vardynas

  • Cumulus oophorus — kiaušinėlio iškyla statusas T sritis histologija, ląstelių chemija, histologinė chemija, audinių kultūra atitikmenys: lot. Cumulus oophorus ryšiai: platesnis terminas – pūslinis kiaušidės folikulas …   Veterinarinės anatomijos, histologijos ir embriologijos terminai

  • cumulus oophorus — noun see cumulus 3 …   Useful english dictionary

  • oophorus — see CUMULUS OOPHORUS …   Medical dictionary

  • Cumulus ovifer — kiaušinėlio iškyla statusas T sritis histologija atitikmenys: lot. Cumulus oophorus; Cumulus ovifer ryšiai: platesnis terminas – kiaušidės žievė …   Medicininės histologijos ir embriologijos vardynas

  • oophorus — oo̱|phorus, ...ra, ...rum [aus gr. ὠοϕορος = Eier tragend]: eitragend; z. B. in der Fügung ↑Cumulus oophorus …   Das Wörterbuch medizinischer Fachausdrücke

  • cumulus — A collection or heap of cells. [L. a heap] c. oöphorus a mass of epithelial granulosa cells surrounding the ovum in the ovarian follicle. SYN: ovigerus, proligerous disk, proligerous membrane. [NA] c. ovaricus rarely used term for c. oöphorus. *… …   Medical dictionary

  • proligerous disk — cumulus oophorus …   Medical dictionary

  • яйценосный холмик — (cumulus oophorus, LNH; син. яйценосный бугорок) участок многослойного эпителия в стенке везикулярного яичникового фолликула, содержащий овоцит …   Большой медицинский словарь

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