Cephamycin

Cephamycin
Cefoxitin
Cefotetan
Cefmetazole

Cephamycins are a group of beta-lactam antibiotics. They are very similar to cephalosporins, and the cephamycins are sometimes classified as cephalosporins.

Like cephalosporins, cephamycins are based upon the cephem nucleus (O-methylated cepham nucleus). Unlike most cephalosporins, cephamycins are a very efficacious antibiotic against anaerobic microbes.

Cephamycins were originally produced by Streptomyces, but synthetic ones have been produced as well.

Cephamycins possess a methoxy group at the 7-alpha position.[1]

Examples

Cephamycins include:

References

  1. ^ Oreste A. Mascaretti (2003). Bacteria Versus Antibacterial Agents: An Integrated Approach. American Society Microbiology. pp. 144. ISBN 1-55581-258-9. 
  2. ^ Little PJ, Peddie BA (July 1978). "Clinical use of cefoxitin, a new semisynthetic cephamycin". N. Z. Med. J. 88 (616): 46–9. PMID 279853. 
  3. ^ Clarke AM, Zemcov SJ (January 1983). "Antibacterial activity of the cephamycin cefotetan: an in-vitro comparison with other beta-lactam antibiotics". J. Antimicrob. Chemother.. 11 Suppl: 67–72. PMID 6404881. 
  4. ^ Benlloch M, Torres A, Soriano F (October 1982). "Cefmetazole (CS-1170): a new cephamycin with activity against gram-negative bacilli and staphylococci". J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 10 (4): 347–50. doi:10.1093/jac/10.4.347. PMID 6958672. http://jac.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=6958672. 
v · d · eAntibacterials: cell envelope antibiotics (J01C-J01D)
Intracellular
inhibit peptidoglycan subunit synthesis and transport: NAM synthesis inhibition (Fosfomycin) • DADAL/AR inhibitors (Cycloserine) • bactoprenol inhibitors (Bacitracin)
Glycopeptide
inhibit PG chain elongation: Vancomycin# (Oritavancin, Telavancin) • Teicoplanin (Dalbavancin) • Ramoplanin
β-lactams/
(inhibit PBP
cross-links)
Penicillins/
(penams)

Benzylpenicillin (G)#: Clometocillin • Benzathine benzylpenicillin#  • Procaine benzylpenicillin# • Azidocillin • Penamecillin

Phenoxymethylpenicillin (V)#: Propicillin • Benzathine phenoxymethylpenicillin • Pheneticillin
Penems
Biapenem • Ertapenem • antipseudomonal (Doripenem • Imipenem • Meropenem) • Panipenem
4th (antips-)
Ceftobiprole • Ceftaroline fosamil
Aztreonam • Tigemonam • Carumonam • Tabtoxin
Combinations
Other
polymyxins/detergent (Colistin, Polymyxin B) • depolarizing (Daptomycin) • hydrolyze NAM-NAG (Lysozyme) • Gramicidin
#WHO-EM. ‡Withdrawn from market. Clinical trials: †Phase III. §Never to phase III

M: BAC

bact (clas)

gr+f/gr+a(t)/gr-p(c)/gr-o

drug(J1p, w, n, m, vacc)


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