Ferdows

Infobox Settlement
official_name = Ferdows
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native_name = فردوس
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image_size = 300
image_caption = Jahad Square in Ferdos


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subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = IRN
subdivision_type1 = Province
subdivision_name1 = South Khorasan
subdivision_type2 = County
subdivision_name2 = Ferdows
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population_as_of = 2006
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population_note = Census
population_total = 23,405
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timezone = IRST
utc_offset = +3:30
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latd=34 |latm=01 |lats=00 |latNS=N
longd=58 |longm=10 |longs=00 |longEW=E
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elevation_m = 1293
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website = http://sh-ferdows.ir
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Ferdows (or Ferdos or Ferdous; named "Toon" until 1929) ( _fa. فردوس), the center of Ferdows County, is a city located in the northwest of South Khorasan Province in Iran. It is about 345 km South of Mashhad and 200 km Northwest of Birjand. In 2005 it had an estimated population of 25,000 people itself and 65,000 people with its Environs (all Ferdows County). Ferdows County consists of two parts: Central Part (containing Ferdows city) and Boshrooyeh. After dividing the khorasan province into 3 provinces, Ferdows County was a part of Razavi Khorasan province, but it moved to South Khorasan Province in March 2007. [cite web|url=http://www.rooznamehrasmi.ir/Detail.asp?NewsID=923480581759097|title=تصویب‌نامه در مورد تقسیمات کشوری راجع به شهرستان فردوس از استان خراسان رضوی‌|language=Persian]

History

Nowadays Ferdows is a small town, but it was a famous and large city in ancient days and has been founded in Medes dynasty. According to an unproven idea, in ancient days, its name was "Taban" (or shining; تابان in Persian) and in Islamic days it deforms to Toon. Ferdows named as Toon until the 20th century, but its name was changed to Ferdows in 1929.

The first people inhabited Ferdows, were a group of Sagartians. Toon was a famous and thriving city before Islamic era and also in Islamic era until the raid of Mongols. It was one of the most cities of Ghohestan along with Qaen. Nasir Khusraw cited Toon as a large city in 11th century. Toon was plundered and destroyed by Mongols in 1239. After the invasion of Mongols, Toon grew and became one of the major cities of Ghohestan again. Marco Polo cited south khorasan region as "Toonoqaen" means Toon & Qaen. [cite web|url=http://www.sh-ferdows.ir/statics.aspx?
|title=Ferdows Municipality‌ Website|language=Persian] [cite web|url=http://sk-ferdos.ir/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=30&Itemid=52|title=Ferdows Governorship|language=Persian]

Ferdows, was a famous city in Khorasan at the beginning of the 20th century and the Municipality of Ferdows, opened at 1925, was one of the first Municipalities of Khorasan province [cite web|url=http://www.sh-ferdows.ir/statics.aspx?
|title=Ferdows Municipality History Website|language=Persian] . But Ferdows destroyed in a huge earthquake in 1968 and after that, It lost its high status significantly.

Climate

climate chart|Ferdows
-1.1|10.3|25.8
0.6|12.6|28.8
4.4|17|36
10.5|24.8|18.8
14.8|30.3|5.4
19.6|35.7|0.4
21.8|36.7|0.1
19.1|35.2|0.4
14.3|32.3|0.2
9.2|25.8|2.6
4.2|18.9|6.5
0.8|12.9|25.2
float=right
clear=both
source= [http://www.irimo.ir/ Iran Meteorological Organization]

Ferdows climate is mild in the spring, hot in the summer, cool and rainy in autumn and cold in the winter. Locating near the deserts, the temperature difference between day and night and also summer and winter is high. The majority of precipitation occurs from mid-autumn to mid-spring. The hottest month is July (mean minimum temperature 21.8°C, mean maximum temperature 36.7°C) and the coldest is January (mean minimum temperature -1.1°C, mean maximum temperature 10.3°C) [http://www.irimo.ir/farsi/ Iran meteorological Organisation] ]

Products & Attractions

Ferdows is famous for its excellent Saffron and pomegranate. [ [http://www.presstv.ir/detail.aspx?id=60920&sectionid=351020108 Ferdows, Iran's eastern heaven] ("Press TV")]

Major visitor attractions of Ferdows are:
* Ferdows Hot Mineral Spring: one of the most important attractions of Ferdows for Iranian and International tourists
* Ferdows Religious School (belonged to Safavid dynasty)
* Ferdows Congregation Mosque (Jame' Mosque of Ferdows) (belonged to Seljuk dynasty)

Notables from Ferdows

* Badiozzaman Forouzanfar
* Mohammad Jafar Yahaghi
* Mulla Alaul Maulk Tuni
* Fazel Tooni
* Nesari Tooni
* Qotboddin Heydar Tooni

Notes