The Spectacles (short story)

Infobox short story |
name = The Spectacles
title_orig =
translator =
author = Edgar Allan Poe
country = flagicon|USA United States
language = English
series =
genre = Comedy short story
published_in = "Philadelphia Dollar Newspaper"
publisher =
media_type = Print (Periodical)
pub_date = March 1844
english_pub_date =
preceded_by =
followed_by = "The Spectacles" is a short story by Edgar Allan Poe, published in 1844. It is one of Poe's comedy tales.

Plot summary

The narrator, 22-year old Napoleon Buonaparte, changes his last name from "Froissart" to "Simpson" as a requirement to inherit a large sum from a distant cousin, Adolphus Simpson. At the opera he sees a beautiful woman in the audience and falls in love instantly. He describes her beauty at length, despite not being able to see her well; he requires spectacles but, in his vanity, "resolutely refused to employ them." His companion identifies the woman as Madame Eugenie Lalande, a wealthy widow, and promises to introduce the two. He courts her and proposes marriage; she makes him promise that, on their wedding night, he will wear her spectacles.

When he puts on the spectacles, he sees that she is a toothless old woman. He expresses horror at her appearance, and even more so when he learns she is 82 years old. She begins a rant about a very foolish descendant of hers, one Napoleon Bonaparte Froissart. He realizes that she is his great-great-grandmother. Madame Lalande, who is also Mrs. Simpson, had come to America to meet her husband's heir. She was accompanied by a much younger relative, Madame Lalande. Whenever the narrator spoke of "Madame Lalande," everyone assumed he meant the younger woman. When the elder Madame Lalande discovered that he had mistaken her for a young woman because of his eyesight, and that he had been openly courting her instead of being civil to a relative, she decided to play a trick on him. The marriage was a fake. He ends by marrying the younger Madame Lalande and vows to "never be met without SPECTACLES."

Major themes

Besides a good warning to obey your eye doctor, Poe seems to be addressing the concept of "love at first sight" - in fact, the first line of the story points out that "it was the fashion to ridicule the idea." Yet, the story is presented to "add another to the already almost innumerable instances of the truth of the position" that love at first sight does exist. The irony is that the narrator does not have a "first sight" of the woman he falls in love with, due to his lack of spectacles.

Additionally, the story is based around vanity. The narrator changes his name, with "much ," from Froissart to Simpson, "a rather usual and plebeian" name in order to collect inheritance. His original patronym, he says, elicited in him "a very pardonable pride." This same pride kept him from wearing spectacles. Madame Laland admits that she was teaching him a lesson.

The name of "Napoleon Buonoparte" makes obvious reference to the Corsican general Napoleon.

Publication history

"The Spectacles" was first published in the "Philadelphia Dollar Newspaper" in the March 27, 1844 issue [Quinn, Arthur Hobson. "Edgar Allan Poe: A Critical Biography". Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998. ISBN 0801857309. p. 400] . Critics suggested that the piece was paid by the word, hence its relatively high length, especially for a work of humor. Upon its reprinting in the "Broadway Journal" in March 1845, Poe himself acknowledged he was "not aware of the great length of "The Spectacles" until too late to remedy the evil."

Critical response

The editor of the "Dollar Newspaper" printed "The Spectacles" with the comment that "it is one of the best from [Poe's] chaste and able pen and second only to the popular prize production, 'The Gold-Bug.'" [Thomas, Dwight & David K. Jackson. "The Poe Log: A Documentary Life of Edgar Allan Poe, 1809–1849". Boston: G. K. Hall & Co., 1987. ISBN 0816187347. p. 455–456] Editor John Stephenson Du Solle reprinted the story in his daily newspaper "The Spirit of the Times" in Philadelphia, saying, "Poe's Story of 'The Spectacles' is alone worth double the price of the paper." [Thomas, Dwight & David K. Jackson. "The Poe Log: A Documentary Life of Edgar Allan Poe, 1809–1849". Boston: G. K. Hall & Co., 1987. ISBN 0816187347. p. 456]

References

*cite book | title="Edgar Allan Poe: A to Z. | last=Sova | first=Dawn B. | publisher=Checkmark Books | location= | edition= | date=2001 | id=