Canton of Fribourg

Infobox Canton|short_name=Fribourg
local_names=Canton de Fribourg
Kanton Freiburg|coord=coord|46|43|N|7|5|E|region:CH-FR_type:adm1st|display=title
flag_img_path=Flag of Canton of Fribourg.svg
coa_img_path=Fribourg-coat of arms.svg
locatormap_img_path=Swiss_Canton_Map_FR.pngcantonalmap_img_path=Karte Kanton Freiburg.pngcapital=Fribourg/Freiburg
area=1671|area_rank=8th|area_scale=9
population=258252|population_rank=12th|population_asof=2006
population_density=143
since=1481
abbr=FR
languages=French, German
executive=Conseil d'Etat/Staatsrat|executive_members=7
legislative=Grand Conseil/Grosser Rat|parliament_members=130
highest=Vanil Noir|highest_m=2389|lowest=shore Lake Neuchâtel|lowest_m=429
municipalities_number=242
districts_designation=Bezirke|districts_number=7|The Canton of Fribourg is a canton of Switzerland. It is located in the west of the country. The capital of the canton is Fribourg. The name "Fribourg" is French, whereas Audio|De-Freiburg.ogg|Freiburg is the German name for both the canton and the town.

History

On the shores of Lake Neuchâtel and Lake Montet significant traces of prehistoric settlements have been unearthed.

The canton of Fribourg joined the Swiss Confederation in 1481. The area is made up of lands acquired by the capital Fribourg. The present extent was reached in 1803 when Murten ("Montet") was acquired. The canton of Fribourg joined the separatist league of Catholic cantons in 1846 ("Sonderbund"). The following year, its troops surrendered to the federal army.

Geography

The canton of Fribourg lies in the west of Switzerland. It is bounded to the west by the Lake Neuchâtel. To the west and the south of the canton lies the canton of Vaud. To the east the canton of Fribourg is bounded by the canton of Bern. There are enclaves within the canton of Vaud. The area of the canton of Fribourg is convert|1669|km2|sqmi|1|sp=us, including the small enclaves.

The canton lies on the elevated "Swiss Plateau". In the west the lands are flat, but towards the south east of the canton, the lands rise to a hilly region. This region is commonly called "pre-Alps" but is part of the Bernese Alps. The highest elevation in the canton is the Vanil Noir with convert|2389|m|ft|0|abbr=on|sp=us.

The river Saane ("Sarine") flows from the south to the north of the canton. Together with its tributaries it drains most of the lands in the canton. The river Saane later joins the river Aare. The river Broye drains the west of the canton and flows northeast into Lake Montet ("Murtensee"). The southwest part of the canton is drained by the river Veveyse which flows south into Lake Geneva ( _fr. Le Léman).

Economics

Agriculture is important in the canton of Fribourg. The main agricultural activities are cattle breeding and dairy farming. Cheese-making is established, in particular in the district of "La Gruyère", home of the cheese with the same name. Other agricultural produces include tobacco, fruit and cereals. Agriculture is predominant in the north of the canton where the most fertile lands lie.

There is light industry concentrated around the capital Fribourg. Other centres of light industry are Bulle, Villars-sur-Glâne, Düdingen ("Guin"), Murten ("Montet") and Estavayer-le-Lac. These five centers have also a large number of established small and medium sized businesses, many of which are in the service sector. Forests are important in the La Gruyère ("Greyerz") district.

The district of "La Sarine" is home to electric power plants used for home use as well as export. The mountain areas attract tourists all year round. The lake regions are frequented by tourists - mainly families - in summer and autumn.

Transport

The canton of Fribourg is well connected to other areas of Switzerland with motorways A1, A12 and fast rail links. The main railway between Geneva and Lausanne in the south west to Bern and Zürich connects Fribourg with other centres of the country.

Demographics

The canton is predominantly Roman Catholic. There are a number of monasteries as well as convents. The canton is situated on the Swiss linguistic frontier. Two thirds of the population speak French, one third speaks Alemannic dialects of German. The French speaking areas are in the west of the canton, whereas the Alemannic speaking areas are in the east. There are a number of bilingual towns, a fact that has attracted some businesses, such as telesales. The population (as of 2002) is 239,100.

Districts

Municipalities

There are 168 municipalities in the canton of Fribourg as of January 2006. The number is decreasing as the canton subsidizes mergers between municipalities.

References

ee also

*Fribourg - Capital city of the canton.
*German language
*French language
*Franco-Provençal language

External links

* [http://www.statistik.admin.ch/stat_ch/ber00/ekan_fr.htm Official Statistics]
* [http://www.fr.ch Official Site] fr icon de icon
*commonscat-inline