P-selectin

P-selectin
Selectin P (granule membrane protein 140kDa, antigen CD62)

PDB rendering based on pdb 1gsr.
Identifiers
Symbols SELP; CD62; CD62P; FLJ45155; GMP140; GRMP; LECAM3; PADGEM; PSEL
External IDs OMIM173610 MGI98280 HomoloGene2260 GeneCards: SELP Gene
RNA expression pattern
PBB GE SELP 206049 at tn.png
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species Human Mouse
Entrez 6403 20344
Ensembl ENSG00000174175 ENSMUSG00000026580
UniProt P16109 Q32MF1
RefSeq (mRNA) NM_003005.3 NM_011347.2
RefSeq (protein) NP_002996.2 NP_035477.1
Location (UCSC) Chr 1:
169.56 – 169.6 Mb
Chr 1:
166.05 – 166.08 Mb
PubMed search [1] [2]

P-selectin is a cell adhesion molecule (CAM) on the surfaces of activated endothelial cells, which line the inner surface of blood vessels, and activated platelets. In unactivated endothelial cells, it is stored in granules called Weibel-Palade bodies, and α-granules in unactivated platelets.

Other names for P-selectin include CD62P, Granule Membrane Protein 140 (GMP-140), and Platelet Activation-Dependent Granule to External Membrane Protein (PADGEM). It was first shown to be found in endothelial cells in 1989.

Contents

Function

P-selectin plays an essential role in the initial recruitment of leukocytes (white blood cells) to the site of injury during inflammation. When endothelial cells are activated by molecules such as histamine or thrombin during inflammation, P-selectin moves from an internal cell location to the endothelial cell surface.

Thrombin is one trigger which can stimulate endothelial-cell release of P-selectin and recent studies suggest an additional Ca2+-independent pathway involved in release of P-selectin. [1]

Ligands for P-selectin on eosinophils and neutrophils are similar sialylated, protease-sensitive, endo-beta-galactosidase-resistant structures, clearly different than those reported for E-selectin, and suggest disparate roles for P-selectin and E-selectin during recruitment during inflammatory responses. [2]

P-selectin is also very important in the recruitment and aggregation of platelets at areas of vascular injury. In quiescent platelet, P-selectin is located on the inner wall of α-granules. Platelet activation (through agonists such as thrombin, Type II collagen and ADP) results in "membrane flipping" where the platelet releases α- and dense granules and the inner walls of the granules are exposed on the outside of the cell. The P-selectin then promotes platelet aggregation through platelet-fibrin and platelet-platelet binding.

P-selectin attaches to the actin cytoskeleton through anchor proteins that are still poorly characterized.

See also

Footnotes

  1. ^ Cleator, JH; Zhu, WQ; Vaughan, DE; Hamm, HE (April 2006). "Differential regulation of endothelial exocytosis of P-selectin and von Willebrand factor by protease-activated receptors and cAMP". Blood 107 (7): 2736–44. doi:10.1182/blood-2004-07-2698. PMC 1895372. PMID 16332977. 16332977. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1895372. 
  2. ^ Wein, M; Sterbinsky, SA; Bickel, CA; Schleimer, RP; Bochner, BS (1995). "Comparison of human eosinophil and neutrophil ligands for P-selectin: ligands for P-selectin differ from those for E-selectin". Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 12 (3): 315–9. PMID 7532979. 

Further reading

External links


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