Antonio Escobar y Mendoza

Antonio Escobar y Mendoza
"Antonius de Escobar et Mendoza"

Antonio Escobar y Mendoza (1589 – July 4, 1669) was a Spanish churchman of illustrious descent.

Born in Valladolid, he was educated by the Jesuits, and at the age of fifteen took the habit of that order. He soon became a famous preacher. In addition he was a voluminous writer, and his collected works fill eighty-three volumes. His first literary efforts were Latin verses in praise of Ignatius Loyola (1613) and the Virgin Mary (1618); but he is best known as a writer on casuistry. His principal works belong to the fields of exegesis and moral theology. Of the latter the best known are Summula casuum conscientiae (1627); Liber theologiae moralis (1644), and Universae theologiae moralis problemata (1652–1666).

The Summula was severely criticised by Blaise Pascal in the fifth and sixth of his Provincial Letters, as tending to inculcate a loose system of morality.[1] It contains the famous maxim that purity of intention may be a justification of actions which are in themselves contrary to the moral code and to human laws; and its general tendency is to find excuses for human frailties. His doctrines were disapproved of by many Catholics, and were mildly condemned by Rome. They were also ridiculed in witty verses by Molière, Boileau and La Fontaine, and gradually the name Escobar came to signify in France any person who is adroit in making the rules of morality harmonize with his own interests, a casuist.

Escobar himself is said to have been simple in his habits, a strict observer of the rules of his order, and unweariedly zealous in his efforts to reform the lives of those with whom he had to deal. It has been said of him that he purchased heaven dearly for himself, but gave it away cheaply to others.[citation needed]

Escobar died in Valladolid in 1669. In 1679 Pope Innocent XI publicly condemned sixty-five propositions, taken chiefly from the writings of Escobar, Suarez and other casuists as propositiones laxorum moralistarum and forbade anyone to teach them under penalty of excommunication[2].

Footnotes

  1. ^ J. Franklin, The Science of Conjecture: Evidence and Probability Before Pascal (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001), 97-100.
  2. ^ Kelly, J.N.D., The Oxford History of the Popes, Oxford University Press, 1986. ISBN 0192820850

References


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  • Antonio escobar y mendoza — Antonio de Escobar y Mendoza (né en 1589 à Valladolid décédé le 4 juillet 1669 à Valladolid) était un prêtre jésuite espagnol, écrivain moraliste et prédicateur de renom …   Wikipédia en Français

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  • Escobar y Mendoza, Antonio — • Preacher and writer, born at Valladolid in 1589; died there, 4 July, 1669 Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006 …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • Escobar y Mendōza — Escobar y Mendōza, Antonio, gelehrter Jesuit, geb. 1589, gest. 4. Juli 1669 in Valladolid, hat sich als Moralist und Kasuist einen Namen gemacht. Sein Hauptwerk ist der von Pascal (s.d.) verspottete »Liber theologiae moralis« (Lyon 1644 u. ö.).… …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Escobar y Mendoza — Escobār y Mendōza, Antonio, span. Jesuit, geb. 1589 zu Valladolid, gest. 4. Juli 1669, als Moralist (Kasuist) berühmt. Daher eskobardieren s.v.w. sich jesuitischer Kunstgriffe bedienen …   Kleines Konversations-Lexikon

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  • Escobar y Mendoza, Antonio — ▪ Spanish theologian born 1589, Valladolid, Spain died July 4, 1669, Valladolid       Spanish Jesuit preacher and moral theologian who was derided for his support of probabilism, the theory according to which when the rightness or wrongness of a… …   Universalium

  • Escobar y Mendoza — Escobạr y Mendoza   [ doθa], Antonio, spanischer Jesuit, * Valladolid 1589, ✝ ebenda 1669; sein Hauptwerk »Liber theologiae moralis« (1644), ein moraltheologisches Kompendium, galt als eine wichtige Grundlage des Laxismus. Die darin vertretene… …   Universal-Lexikon

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