Buffalo treehopper

Buffalo treehopper
Stictocephala bisonia[1]
Stictocephala bisonia
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hemiptera
Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha
Family: Membracidae[1]
Subfamily: Membracinae
Genus: Stictocephala
Species: S. bisonia
Binomial name
Stictocephala bisonia
(Kopp & Yonke)[1]

The buffalo treehopper (Stictocephala bisonia) is a species of treehopper native to North America. It is also sometimes classified as Ceresa bisonia.[2]

Contents

Appearance

Buffalo treehoppers are a bright green color and have a somewhat triangular shape that helps camouflage them so as to resemble thorns or a twiggy protuberance.[1][3][4] It gets its name from the vague resemblance of its profile to that of an American bison.[3] They grow to 6 to 8 millimeters (0.24 to 0.31 in) long and have transparent wings.[3][4]

Life cycle

Bueffelzikade.jpg

S. bisonia mates during the summer months.[4] Males attract females with a song that, unlike similar songs used by cicada and crickets, are outside the sonic range audible to humans.[4] Females lay eggs from July to October using a blade-like ovipositor.[3][4] Up to a dozen eggs are laid in each slit made by the female.[3][4]

Nymphs emerge from the eggs the following May or June.[3][4] The nymphs, which resemble wingless adults, but have a more spiny appearance, descend from the trees where they hatched to feed on grasses, weeds, and other nonwoody plants.[3][4]

They molt several times in the following month and a half until they have reached adulthood.[4] Then they return to the trees to continue their life cycle.[4]

Feeding

Both adult and immature buffalo treehoppers feed upon sap using specialized mouthparts suited for this purpose.[4] Black locust, clover, elm, goldenrod, and willow are among their favorite food sources.[4] It is also an occasional pest of fruit trees and is harmful to young orchard trees, especially apple trees.[4] It has become an invasive species in some parts of Europe.[2]

References

  1. ^ a b c d Jackman, John A. (2001-08-10). "Buffalo Treehopper". Texas Cooperative Extension. Texas A&M Entomology Department. http://insects.tamu.edu/extension/youth/bug/bug048.html. Retrieved 2008-07-16. 
  2. ^ a b "buffalo treehopper", Encyclopædia Britannica (Online ed.), Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2008, http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/83648/buffalo-treehopper#tab=active~checked%2Citems~checked&title=buffalo%20treehopper%20--%20Britannica%20Online%20Encyclopedia, retrieved 2008-07-14 
  3. ^ a b c d e f g "Buffalo Treehopper". Pennsylvania Tree Fruit Production Guide. Pennsylvania State University, College of Agricultural Sciences. 2008-06-05. http://tfpg.cas.psu.edu/279.htm. Retrieved 2008-07-16. 
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Moran, Mark (2004-04-05). "Buffalo Treehopper: Stictocephala bisonia". Study of Northern Virginia Ecology. Fairfax County Public Schools. http://www.fcps.edu/islandcreekes/ecology/buffalo_treehopper.htm. Retrieved 2008-07-14. 

External links


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Buffalo Treehopper — Taxobox | image width = 240px image caption = Stictocephala bisonia name = Stictocephala bisonia cite web|url= http://insects.tamu.edu/extension/youth/bug/bug048.html|title= Buffalo Treehopper|accessdate= 2008 07 16|author= John A.… …   Wikipedia

  • buffalo treehopper — noun Etymology: so called from its horned prothorax : a bright green treehopper (Stictocephala bubalus) that has two lateral horns on the prothorax, is common throughout the U.S., and damages fruit and other trees by laying its eggs in the bark… …   Useful english dictionary

  • Treehopper — Ceresa taurina Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia …   Wikipedia

  • treehopper — /tree hop euhr/, n. any of numerous homopterous jumping insects of the family Membracidae, that have an enlarged prothorax and feed on the juices of plants, often injuring the plants. [1830 40; TREE + HOPPER] * * * ▪ insect  any of approximately… …   Universalium

  • Amerikanische Büffelzikade — Büffelzikade Büffelzikade (Stictocephala bisonia) Systematik Ordnung: Schnabelkerfe (Hemiptera) …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Büffelzikade — (Stictocephala bisonia) Systematik Ordnung: Schnabelkerfe (Hemiptera) Unterordnung …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Büffelzirpe — Büffelzikade Büffelzikade (Stictocephala bisonia) Systematik Ordnung: Schnabelkerfe (Hemiptera) …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Ceresa bubalus — Büffelzikade Büffelzikade (Stictocephala bisonia) Systematik Ordnung: Schnabelkerfe (Hemiptera) …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Stictocephala bisonia — Büffelzikade Büffelzikade (Stictocephala bisonia) Systematik Ordnung: Schnabelkerfe (Hemiptera) …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Stictocephalus bisonia — Büffelzikade Büffelzikade (Stictocephala bisonia) Systematik Ordnung: Schnabelkerfe (Hemiptera) …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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