- John Henry Reynolds (educator)
John Henry Reynolds (
February 8 ,1842 -July 17 ,1927 ) was a Britisheducation ist and administrator, particularly associated with the development of theManchester educational institution that was to go on to becomeUMIST .Life
Born in
Salford ,Lancashire , the eldest of eleven children of a bootmaker, he attended the day school of theCross Street Unitarian Chapel before a year at theManchester Grammar School prepared him forapprentice ship to his father at age twelve. He also assisted at theSunday School at Cross Street where he metWilliam Fairbairn andWilliam Gaskell . In 1868, he married Ellen Ferguson at the chapel and they were to go on to have three children.By the 1870s, the
Manchester Mechanics' Institute was in decline. Despite its original ambitious mission to bring technical expertise to working men, its core activities had shrunk to the provision of elementary education where it faced increasing competition from the state-funded schools established by the Elementary Education Act 1870. In 1879, Reynolds was appointed Secretary to the Institute and immediately set about its rejuvenation. An able and active administrator, and an enthusiastic and persuasive advocate, Reynolds grapsed the city's appetite for more effectivevocational education and planned and led the relaunch of the Institution as the "Manchester Technical School" in 1882.Reynolds still did not rest. He reorganised the school using the schemes and examinations of the
City and Guilds of London Institute and, following legislation in 1889 and 1890, negotiated the school's transfer to Manchester City Council as the "Municipal Technical School". Reynolds took a role in the city authority as director of technical instruction and set out to survey the superior establishments inGermany andSwitzerland and the thriving schools of theUSA andCanada .A grant from the Whitworth Institute enabled him to realise his ambitions for a state-of-the-art institution with the construction of the existing buildings on Sackville Street, opened in 1902 by
Arthur Balfour . The institution was renamed as the "Municipal School of Technology" and Reynolds became its principal and director forhigher education of Manchester.In 1904, the newly-autonomous
Victoria University of Manchester recognised the status of many of the courses that Reynolds had developed by establishing a faculty oftechnology at the Institute. Reynolds became dean of the faculty, enjoying an "ex officio" seat on the university's senate. The Institute's newly appointedprofessor s were recognised by the university. However, consistent with Reynolds' radical sympathies, the bulk of the Institute's work was still devoted to vocational, rather than academic, education.Reynolds lived most of his later life in
Cheadle Hulme . He died while on holiday with his family inAnglesey .Honours
*Honorary
M.Sc. Victoria University, (1902)Bibliography
*Cardwell, D. S. L. (ed.) (1974) "Artisan to Graduate: Essays to Commemorate the Foundation in 1824 of the Manchester Mechanics' Institution", Manchester: Manchester University Press, ISBN 0719012724
*— (2004) " [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/49177 Reynolds, John Henry (1842-1927)] ", "Oxford Dictionary of National Biography ", Oxford University Press, accessed 18 June 2005 ODNBsub
*Marshall, J.D. (1964) "John Henry Reynolds, pioneer of technical education in Manchester", "Vocational Aspect" 16/35, 176–96
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