Magnesium perchlorate

Magnesium perchlorate
Identifiers
CAS number	10034-81-8 Y
PubChem	24840
ChemSpider	23223 Y
RTECS number	SC8925000
Jmol-3D images	Image 1
SMILES [Mg+2].O=Cl(=O)(=O)[O-].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O
InChI InChI=1S/2ClHO4.Mg/c2*2-1(3,4)5;/h2*(H,2,3,4,5);/q;;+2/p-2 Y Key: MPCRDALPQLDDFX-UHFFFAOYSA-L Y InChI=1/2ClHO4.Mg/c2*2-1(3,4)5;/h2*(H,2,3,4,5);/q;;+2/p-2 Key: MPCRDALPQLDDFX-NUQVWONBAH
Properties
Molecular formula	Mg(ClO4)2
Molar mass	223.206 g/mol
Appearance	white powder, deliquescent
Density	2.21 g/cm3
Melting point	251 °C
Boiling point	decomposition
Solubility in water	99.3 g/100 mL
Solubility in ethanol	24 g/100 mL
Hazards
MSDS	External MSDS
EU Index	Not listed
R-phrases	R8, R36, R37, R38
S-phrases	S17, S26, S27, S36, S37, S39
NFPA 704	0 1 0 OX
Related compounds
Other cations	Calcium perchlorate Barium perchlorate
Y (verify) (what is: Y/N?) Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Magnesium perchlorate is a powerful oxidizing agent, with the formula Mg(ClO₄)₂.

Magnesium perchlorate decomposes at 250 °C.^[1] The heat of formation is -568.90 kJ mol^-1.^[2]

The enthalpy of solution is quite high, so reactions are done in large amounts of water to dilute it.

It is sold under the trade name anhydrone.

It was used as desiccant to dry gas or air samples,^[3][4] but is no longer advised due to hazards inherent in perchlorates.^[5] It is dried by heating at 250 °C under vacuum.

References

1. ^ CRC Handbook
2. ^ Lange's
3. ^ H. H. Willard, G. F. Smith (1922). "The Preparation and Properties of Magnesium Perchlorate and its Use as a Drying Agent". Journal of the American Chemical Society 44 (10): 2255–2259. doi:10.1021/ja01431a022. 
4. ^ L. Wu, H. He (1994). "Preparation of perlite-based magnesium perchlorate desiccant with colour indicator". The Chemical Educator 41 (5): 633–637. doi:10.1016/0039-9140(94)80041-3. 
5. ^ W. L. F. Armarego and C. Chai (2003). Purification of laboratory chemicals. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0750675713.