Shagbark hickory

Shagbark hickory

Taxobox
name = Shagbark Hickory


image_width = 240px
regnum = Plantae
divisio = Magnoliophyta
classis = Magnoliopsida
ordo = Fagales
familia = Juglandaceae
genus = "Carya"
species = "C. ovata"
binomial = "Carya ovata"
binomial_authority = (Mill.) K.Koch

The Shagbark Hickory ("Carya ovata") is a common hickory in the eastern United States and southeast Canada. It is a large deciduous tree, growing up to 27 m tall, and will live up to 200 years old. Mature Shagbarks are easy to recognize because, as their name implies, they have shaggy bark. This character is however only found on mature trees; young specimens have smooth bark.

The shagbark hickory's nut is edible and has a very sweet taste.

The leaves are 30-60 cm long, pinnate, with five (rarely three or seven) leaflets, the terminal three leaflets much larger than the basal pair. The flowers are small wind-pollinated catkins, produced in spring. The fruit is a drupe, an edible nut, 2.5-4 cm long contained in a thick green four-sectioned husk which turns dark and splits off at maturity in the fall and a hard, bony shell. [http://www.hiltonpond.org/ThisWeek030908.html] There are two varieties:
*"Carya ovata" var. "ovata" (Northern Shagbark Hickory). Largest leaflets over 20 cm long; nuts 3-4 cm long.
*"Carya ovata" var. "australis" (Southern Shagbark Hickory or Carolina Hickory). Largest leaflets under 20 cm long; nuts 2.5-3 cm long.

Some sources consider Southern Shagbark Hickory as the separate species "Carya carolinae-septentrionalis" [http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/species/caca38.htm] [http://www.itis.usda.gov:8080/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=501307]

Uses

The nuts are edible with an excellent flavor, and are a popular food among those who know them. The trees bear too seldom for them to be grown commercially.Shagbark Hickory wood is used for smoking meat and for making the bows of Native Americans of the northern area.

"Hickory" is derived from pawcohiccora, an Algonquin Indian word for the tree's oily nutmeat. [http://www.hiltonpond.org/ThisWeek030908.html] The nuts were a food source for Native Americans. [http://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/carya/species/ovata/ovata.htm]

Hickory Syrup

The bark of the Shagbark Hickory is also used to flavour a maple syrup-style sugar syrup.

External links

* [http://www.na.fs.fed.us/pubs/silvics_manual/volume_2/carya/ovata.htm USDA forest service description]
* [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=233500320 Flora of North America: "Carya ovata"]
* [http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/pages/carya-compare-shag.htm Comparison of Shagbark, Southern Shagbark, and Kingnut Hickory at bioimages.vanderbilt.edu]
* [http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/species/frame/caov2.htm "Carya ovata" (= "Carya ovata" var. "ovata ") images at bioimages.vanderbilt.edu]
* [http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/species/frame/caca38.htm "Carya carolinae-septentrionalis" (= "Carya ovata" var. "australis ") images at bioimages.vanderbilt.edu]
* [http://www.cirrusimage.com/tree_shagbark_hickory.htm Shagbark Hickory - large format diagnostic photos tree, leaves, bark, nuts]
* [http://www.sankey.ws/crf/lavant.html The Lavant shagbarks]
*http://whatscookingamerica.net/Stores/HickorySyrup.htm
*http://www.hickoryworks.com/


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  • shagbark hickory — skiltėtoji karija statusas T sritis vardynas apibrėžtis Riešutmedinių šeimos medieninis augalas (Carya laciniosa), paplitęs Šiaurės Amerikoje. atitikmenys: lot. Carya laciniosa angl. big shellbark; kingnut; shagbark hickory; shellbark hickory… …   Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)

  • shagbark hickory — noun North American hickory having loose grey shaggy bark and edible nuts • Syn: ↑shagbark, ↑shellbark, ↑shellbark hickory, ↑Carya ovata • Hypernyms: ↑hickory, ↑hickory tree • Member Ho …   Useful english dictionary

  • shagbark hickory — noun Date: 1751 a hickory (Carya ovata) of eastern North America with sweet edible nuts and a gray shaggy outer bark that peels off in long strips; also its wood …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • Hickory — Taxobox name = Hickory image width = 230px image caption = Hickory at Morton Arboretum Accession 29 U 10 regnum = Plantae divisio = Magnoliophyta classis = Magnoliopsida ordo = Fagales familia = Juglandaceae genus = Carya genus authority = Nutt.… …   Wikipedia

  • hickory nut — noun small hard shelled nut of North American hickory trees especially the shagbark hickories • Hypernyms: ↑edible nut • Part Holonyms: ↑shagbark, ↑shagbark hickory, ↑shellbark, ↑shellbark hickory, ↑Carya ovata, ↑ …   Useful english dictionary

  • hickory tree — noun American hardwood tree bearing edible nuts • Syn: ↑hickory • Hypernyms: ↑nut tree • Hyponyms: ↑water hickory, ↑bitter pecan, ↑water bitternut, ↑ …   Useful english dictionary

  • hickory — /hik euh ree, hik ree/, n., pl. hickories. 1. any of several North American trees belonging to the genus Carya, of the walnut family, certain species of which bear edible nuts or yield a valuable wood. Cf. pecan, shagbark. 2. the wood of any of… …   Universalium

  • shagbark — /ˈʃægbak/ (say shagbahk) noun US 1. Also, shagbark hickory. a species of hickory, Carya ovata, with rough bark, yielding light coloured, ellipsoidal, slightly angular nuts, but most valued for its wood. 2. Also, shagbark hickory. the wood. 3. the …  

  • hickory — baltoji karija statusas T sritis vardynas apibrėžtis Riešutmedinių šeimos maistinis, medieninis augalas (Carya ovata), paplitęs Šiaurės Amerikoje. atitikmenys: lot. Carya ovata angl. hickory; little shagbark; mockernut; shagbark hickory;… …   Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)

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