Indian Remote Sensing satellite

Indian Remote Sensing satellite

Indian Remote Sensing satellites (IRS) are a series of Earth Observation satellites, mostly built, launched and maintained by Indian Space Research Organisation of India as part of the Indian space program. The IRS series provides remote sensing services to the country.

The IRS system

Following the successful demonstration flights of Bhaskara 1 and Bhaskara 2 satellites launched in 1979 and 1981, respectively, India began to develop indigenous IRS (Indian Remote Sensing Satellite) program to support the national economy in the areas of agriculture, water resources, forestry and ecology, geology, water sheds, marine fisheries and coastal management. Later India established the National Natural Resources Management System (NNRMS) for which the Department of Space (DOS) is the nodal agency, providing operational remote sensing data services. [ [http://www.fas.org/spp/guide/india/earth/irs.htm FAS website on IRS] ] Data from the IRS satellites is received and disseminated by several countries all over the world. With the advent of high resolution satellites new applications in the areas of urban sprawl, infrastructure planning and other large scale applications for mapping have been initiated.

The Indian Remote Sensing Satellite system is the largest constellation of remote sensing satellites for civilian use in operation today in the world. With the launch of CARTOSAT-2A [ [http://www.isro.gov.in/pslv-c7/photos/cartosat-2images.htm Cartosat 2 Images] ,] , the constellation now has eight satellites in operation – IRS-1D, OCEANSAT-1, Technology Experiment Satellite (TES), RESOURCESAT-1, CARTOSAT-1, CARTOSAT-2 and the latest CARTOSAT-2A and IMS-1. All these are placed in polar sun-synchronous orbit and provide data in a variety of spatial, spectral and temporal resolutions to enable several applications to be undertaken relevant to the national development.

IRS data applications

Data from Indian Remote Sensing satellites are used for various applications of resources survey and management under the National Natural Resources Management System (NNRMS). Following is the list of those applications:

* Preharvest crop area and production estimation of major crops.
* Drought monitoring and assessment based on vegetation condition.
* Flood risk zone mapping and flood damage assessment.
* Hydro-geomorphological maps for locating underground water resources for drilling well.
* Irrigation command area status monitoring
* Snow-melt run-off estimates for planning water use in down stream projects
* Land use and land cover mapping
* Urban planning
* Forest survey
* Wetland mapping
* Environmental impact analysis
* Mineral Prospecting
* Coastal studies
* Integrated Mission for Sustainable Development (initiated in 1992) for generating locale-specific prescriptions for integrated land and water resources development in 174 districts.

IRS launch log

The initial versions are composed of the 1 (A,B,C,D). The later versions are named based on their area of application including OceanSat, CartoSat, ResourceSat. Some of the satellites have alternate designations based on the launch number and vehicle (P series for PSLV).

Future IRS launches

Following are the remote sensing satellites planned by ISRO to be launched next strengthening the fleet of IRS satellites and widening their applications: [http://www.isro.org/rep2007/Earth%20Observation.htm IRS Satellites in ISRO annual report of year 2006-07] ] [http://planningcommission.nic.in:80/aboutus/committee/wrkgrp11/wg11_subspace.pdf Eleventh Five Year Plan For Indian Space Programme] ]

* RISAT (Radar Imaging Satellite): A microwave remote sensing mission with Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) operating in C-band and having a 6 x 2 meter planar active array antenna based on trans-receiver module architecture. SAR is an all weather-imaging sensor capable of taking images in cloudy and snow covered regions and also both during day and night. RISAT weighs 1,750 kg. It is slated to be launched in 2008-2009.

* Oceansat-2: It is envisaged to continue the service of OCEANSAT-1. It will carry an Ocean Colour Monitor (OCM) and a Ku-band pencil beam scatterometer. It is scheduled to be launched in March 8 2008 on board PSLV.

* Resourcesat-2: It will have imaging sensors similar to RESOURCESAT-1. Payload electronics have been miniaturised to reduce the overall weight. RESOURCESAT-2 is planned for launch by PSLV in 2009-10.

* Resourcesat-3: A follow on to Resourcesat-2, it will carry more advanced LISS-III-WS (Wide Swath) Sensor having similar swath and revisit capability as Advanced Wide Field Sensor (AWiFS), thus overcoming any spatial resolution limitation of AWiFS. Satellite would also carry Atmospheric Correction Sensor (ACS) for quantitative interpretation and geophysical parameter retrieval. It slated to be launched during 2011-12..

* Cartosat-3: A continuation of Cartosat series , it will have a resolution 30 cm and 6km swath suitable for cadastre and infrastructure mapping and analysis. It would also enhance disaster monitoring and damage assessment. It is slated to be launched during 2011-12..

* Oceansat-3: Oceasat-3 would carry Thermal IR Sensor, 12 channel Ocean Color Monitor, Scatterometer and Passive Microwave Radiometer. IR Sensor and Ocean Color Monitor would be used in the analysis for operational Potential Fishing Zones. Satellite is mainly for Ocean biology and sea state applications. It is slated to the launched aboard PSLV in 2012-13..

Satellite data acquisition and processing

The National Remote Sensing Agency (NRSA) at Hyderabad is the nodal agency for reception, archival, processing and dissemination of remote sensing data in the country. NRSA acquires and processes data from all Indian remote sensing satellites like CARTOSAT-1, CARTOSAT-2, RESOURCESAT-1, IRS-1D, OCEANSAT-1 and TES as well as foreign satellites like Terra, NOAA and ERS. As per the Remote Sensing Data Policy, NRSA is the national acquisition/distribution agency for all satellite data within India.

References

External links

* [http://www.isro.gov.in/pslv-c7/photos/cartosat-2images.htm CartoSat 2 images]
* [http://www.isro.org/ Official ISRO website]
* [http://www.fas.org/spp/guide/india/earth/irs.htm FAS article on IRS system]
* [http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/SPACE/space-satellite4.html Bharat-Rakshak article on IRS system]


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно решить контрольную?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Indian Remote Sensing satellite — Les satellites Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) sont une famille de satellites de télédétection lancés et exploités par l’ISRO, l’agence spatiale indienne dont le premier exemplaire a été placé en orbite en 1988. Sommaire 1 Le système IRS 2 Historique …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Indian Remote Sensing — Die Indian Remote Sensing Satelliten (IRS) sind eine Serie von indischen Erdbeobachtungssatelliten im Low Earth Orbit (LEO). Gebaut von der Indian Space Research Organisation werden sie typischerweise mit der indischen Trägerrakete PSLV vom… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Remote Sensing — Die Fernerkundung (englisch: Remote Sensing) ist die Gesamtheit der Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Informationen über die Erdoberfläche oder anderer nicht direkt zugänglicher Objekte durch Messung und Interpretation der von ihr ausgehenden (Energie… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Remote sensing — Die Fernerkundung (englisch: Remote Sensing) ist die Gesamtheit der Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Informationen über die Erdoberfläche oder anderer nicht direkt zugänglicher Objekte durch Messung und Interpretation der von ihr ausgehenden (Energie… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Indian Institute of Remote Sensing — The Indian Institute of Remote Sensing is the training and education arm of the Indian Department of Space. Located in Dehradun, the institute offers a variety of courses in Remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), ranging in… …   Wikipedia

  • Indian Space Research Organisation — Infobox Space agency name = Indian Space Research Organisation acronym = ISRO caption = ISRO logo headquarters = Antariksh Bhavan, New BEL Road, BANGALORE, INDIA spaceport = TERLS, SRLS, BRLS established = 15th August, 1969 chairman = G. Madhavan …   Wikipedia

  • Indian Space Research Organization — Logo der ISRO Die Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) ist die Raumfahrtbehörde Indiens mit Hauptsitz in Bangalore. Es wird von Sri Madhavan Nair geleitet. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Überblick 2 …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Indian Space Research Organisation — Logo der ISRO Die Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) ist die Raumfahrtbehörde Indiens mit Hauptsitz in Bangalore. Sie wird von Sri Madhavan Nair geleitet. Inhaltsverzeichnis …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • National Remote Sensing Centre — (NRSC), located at Hyderabad is one of the centres of Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), striving to realise the Indian Space Vision, as a key player in Earth Observation Programme and Disaster Management Support programme. NRSC is… …   Wikipedia

  • Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur — Motto तमसो मा ज्योतिर्गमय (tamaso mā jyotirgamaya) (Sanskrit) Motto in English Lead me from darkness to light Established …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”