Atopy

Atopy

Infobox_Disease
Name = PAGENAME


Caption = Eczema—a typical atopic manifestation
DiseasesDB = 34489
ICD10 =
ICD9 =
ICDO =
OMIM = 147050
MedlinePlus =
eMedicineSubj =
eMedicineTopic =
MeshID =

Atopy (IPA|/ˈætəpi/; Greek "ἀτοπία" - placelessness) or atopic syndrome is an allergic hypersensitivitycite web |url=http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands_split.jsp?pg=/ppdocs/us/common/dorlands/dorland/one/000010034.htm |title=Dorlands Medical Dictionary:atopy |format= |work= |accessdate=] affecting parts of the body not in direct contact with the allergen.

Causes

It may involve eczema (atopic dermatitis), allergic conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis and asthma. There appears to be a strong hereditary component. One study concludes that "the general risk of developing atopic dermatitis (3%) and atopy (7%) increases by a factor of two with each first-degree family member already suffering from atopy" [cite journal
coauthors = W. Küster , M. Petersen, E. Christophers, M. Goos and W. Sterry
title = A family study of atopic dermatitis
journal = Archives of Dermatological Research
volume = 282
issue = Number 2 / January, 1990
pages = 98–102
publisher =Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
date =Sunday, December 12, 2004
doi = 10.1007/BF00493466
accessdate =
author = Küster, W.] .

The hereditary component is presumably due to certain genes coding proteins involved in the normal immune response mechanism, i.e., human leukocyte antigen, although environmental factors have also been implicated. Atopic syndrome can be fatal for those who experience serious allergic reactions such as anaphylaxis, brought on by reactions to food or environment.

The individual components are all caused at least in part by allergy (type I hypersensitivity reactions). These responses appear after the body is exposed to various allergens, for example specific kinds of food, pollen, dander or insect venoms. Although atopy has various definitions, most consistently it is defined by the presence of elevated levels of total and allergen-specific IgE in the serum of patient, leading to positive skin-prick tests to common allergens.

The multicenter PARSIFAL study in 2006, involving 6630 children age 5 to 13 in 5 European countries, suggested that restrictive use of antibiotics and antipyretics, are associated with a reduced risk of allergic disease in children. [Flöistrup, H., Swartz, J., Bergström, A., Alm, J. S., Scheynius, A., et al. (2006). Allergic disease and sensitization in Steiner school children. "The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology", 117(1), 59-66. PMID 16387585 [http://www.louisbolk.nl/downloads/mhuber/0601allergic.pdf Reprint copy] ]

ymptoms

Some symptoms, from an atopy questionnaire [Note_label|atopyqa|1|none [http://web.archive.org/web/20050904174102/http://www.dermis.net/cgi-bin/atopiefrage/erster-e.asp Erlanger Atopy Questionnaire, original site offline, Internet Archive cache, due to be reposted at http://eczema.dermis.net/content/e06question/index_eng.html] ] :
* Cracks in the skin under the earlobe
* Eczema
** In elbow flexures and/or hollow of the knees
** Nipple eczema
** Neurodermatitis
** Subtype Dyshidrosis
* Keratosis pilaris
* Perlèche
* Conjunctivitis
* Chronic or seasonal rhinitis

References

External links

* [http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HEC/CSEM/asthma/ Case Studies in Environmental Medicine (CSEM): Environmental Triggers of Asthma] – Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • atopy — atopy. См. атопия. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • atopy — 1923, coined by Edward D. Perry, professor of Greek at Columbia University, at the request of medical men, from Gk. atopia unusualness, strangeness, a being out of the way, from atopos out of place, strange, odd, eccentric, from a , privative… …   Etymology dictionary

  • atopy — /at euh pee/, n. an allergy, involving an inherited immunoglobulin of the IgE type, that predisposes a person to certain allergic responses, as atopic dermatitis. [1920 25; < Gk atopía extraordinariness, equiv. to átop(os) out of place, unusual… …   Universalium

  • atopy — noun a) A hereditary disorder marked by the tendency to develop localized immediate hypersensitivity reactions to allergens such as pollen, food etc and is manifested by hay fever, asthma, or similar allergic conditions; generally considered to… …   Wiktionary

  • Atopy (Philosophy) — Atopy (greek ατοπία, atopía placelessness, unclassifiable, of high originality ; Sokrates has often been called „átopos“) describes the „Ineffability“ of things or emotions which are to be experienced most seldomly, which are outstanding and… …   Wikipedia

  • atopy — noun Etymology: Greek atopia uncommonness, from atopos out of the way, uncommon, from a + topos place Date: 1923 a probably hereditary allergy characterized by symptoms (as asthma, hay fever, or hives) produced upon exposure especially by… …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • atopy — Allergic (hypersensitive) response at a site remote from the stimulus (eg. food induced dermatitis) …   Dictionary of molecular biology

  • atopy — A genetically determined state of hypersensitivity to environmental allergens. Type I allergic reaction is associated with the IgE antibody and a group of diseases, principally asthma, hay fever, and atopic dermatitis. [G. atopia, strangeness, fr …   Medical dictionary

  • atopy — at·o·py …   English syllables

  • atopy — n. a form of allergy in which there is a hereditary or constitutional tendency to develop hypersensitivity reactions (e.g. hay fever, allergic asthma, atopic eczema) in response to allergens (atopens). Individuals with this predisposition – and… …   The new mediacal dictionary

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