Indonesian Army

The Indonesian Army has an estimated strength of 310,000. The force's history began when in 1945 TKR (Tentara Keamanan Rakyat / Civil Security Forces) served as paramilitary and police.

Military Area Commands

*Military Area Commands (Kodam), incorporating provincial and district commands each with a number of infantry battalions, sometimes a cavalry battalion, artillery, or engineers. [The Military Balance 2006, "International Institute for Strategic Studies"] Some have Raider battalions attached. Currently there are 12 Military Area Commands, and those are:
**Kodam Iskandar Muda, overseeing Aceh province as part of the Aceh special autonomy law. Previously under the Kodam I/Bukit Barisan.
**Kodam I/Bukit Barisan, overseeing northern Sumatra provinces of North Sumatra, West Sumatra, Riau and Riau Islands.
**Kodam II/Sriwijaya, overseeing southern provinces on Sumatra island of Jambi, Bengkulu, Bangka Belitung, South Sumatra and Lampung.
**Kodam Jaya, overseeing Jakarta as the capital city of Indonesia. Kodam Jaya also oversees two regions outside Jakarta of Bekasi which actually in West Java province and Tangerang which is in Banten province.
**Kodam III/Siliwangi, overseeing West Java and Banten provinces.
**Kodam IV/Diponegoro, overseeing Central Java and Yogyakarta provinces.
**Kodam V/Brawijaya, overseeing East Java province.
**Kodam VI/Tanjungpura, overseeing all provinces on Kalimantan island (Borneo) of Central Kalimantan, East Kalimantan, South Kalimantan and West Kalimantan.
**Kodam VII/Wirabuana, overseeing all provinces on Sulawesi island of Gorontalo, Central Sulawesi, North Sulawesi, South Sulawesi, Southeast Sulawesi and West Sulawesi.
**Kodam IX/Udayana, overseeing provinces of Bali, East Nusa Tenggara and West Nusa Tenggara. Former Indonesian province of East Timor was also under the jurisdiction of Kodam IX/Udayana.
**Kodam XVI/Pattimura, overseeing Maluku and North Maluku provinces.
**Kodam XVII/Trikora, overseeing West Papua and Papua provinces.

Operational Commands

*Special Forces Command (Kopassus), est 5,530 divided is composed of five groups, Grup 1/Parakomando (Para Commando), Grup 2/Parakomando (Para Commando), Pusat Pendidikan Pasukan Khusus (Training), Grup 3/Sandhi Yudha (Combat Intelligence), SAT 81/Penanggulangan Teror (Counter-terrorism); plus the Presidential Guard (Paspampres) and headquarters. Each group is headed by a Colonel and all groups are para-commando qualified. Of note is the unusual nature of Group IV, possibly also called "Sandhy Yudha," which consists of select members from Groups I, II, and III. The duties of these specially trained personnel include attacking behind enemy lines (Infiltration tactics). Group IV also, reportedly, works with the Joint Intelligence Unit on interrogations, and carries out clandestine operations around the country.

*Army Strategic Reserve Command (Kostrad), is the Indonesian Army's Strategic Reserve Command. Kostrad is a Corps level command which has up to 40,000 troops. It also supervises operational readiness among all commands and conducts defense and security operations at the strategic level in accordance with policies of the TNI commander.
**1st Division, with 3rd and 13th Infantry, and the 17th Airborne Brigades
**2nd Division, with 6th and 9th Infantry, and the 18th Airborne Brigades
**KOSTRAD also commands the independent 3rd Airborne brigade (ex-Kopussus 3rd Group), the independent 1st Cavalry Brigade, two field artillery regiments and several combat service support units such as combat engineers.

*Army Aviation Command The army had its own small air arm that performed liaison and limited transport duties. It operates 100 aircraft in several helicopter and aircraft squadrons composed mostly of light aircraft and small transports, such as the IPTN produced CASA 235.

Army inventory

! style="text-align: left; background: #EECD9C;"|Vehicle! style="text-align: left; background: #EECD9C;"|Origin! style="text-align: left; background: #EECD9C;"|Role! style="text-align: left; background: #EECD9C;"|Version! style="text-align: left; background: #EECD9C;"|In service! style="text-align: left; background: #EECD9C;"|Notes
-! style="align: center; background: #FFDEAD;" colspan="7" |Tanks
-----
AMX-13
FRA
Light Tank
AMX-13
275
-
-----
FV101 Scorpion
UK
Light Tank
Scorpion 90
90
-
-----
PT-76
Russia
Light Tank
PT-76B
30
-
-----! style="align: center; background: #FFDEAD;" colspan="7" |Infantry Fighting Vehicle
-----
AMX-VCI
FRA
Infantry Fighting Vehicle
AMX-VCI M----AMX-VTT
200----182
-----
BMP-2
Russia
Infantry Fighting Vehicle|
40
-
-----! style="align: center; background: #FFDEAD;" colspan="7" |Armoured Fighting Vehicle
-----
Alvis Saladin
UK
Armoured Fighting Vehicles
FV-601
78
-
-----
Ferret armoured car
UK
Armoured Fighting Vehicles/Reconnaissance|
55
-
-----
Cadillac Gage Commando
USA
Armoured Fighting Vehicles
Commando V-150----Commando V-100----Commando Scout
58----50----28
-
-----
Alvis Stormer
UK
Armoured Fighting Vehicles
AVLB
40
-
-----! style="align: center; background: #FFDEAD;" colspan="7" |Armoured Personnel Carrier
-----
Cadillac Gage Ranger
USA
Armoured Personnel Carrier
PeaceKeeper 1
200
-----
Pindad APS
IDN
Armoured Personnel Carrier|
150
-----
BTR-40
RUS/USSR
Armoured Personnel Carrier/Reconnaissance
BTR-40ID
130
Locally modified Indonesian variant. [ [http://www.jedsite.info/afv-bravo/bravo/btr-40_series/btr40-series.html BTR-40 series of wheeled armoured vehicles ] ]
-----
Alvis Saracen
UK
Armoured Personnel Carrier
Mk3----Mk6
55
14 Upgraded
-----
VAB
FRA
Armoured Personnel Carrier
VAB VTT
46
32 are on order
-----
Pindad APR
IDN
Armoured Personnel Carrier|
42|
-----
-----! style="align: center; background: #FFDEAD;" colspan="7" |All-terrain Vehicle
-----
VBL
FRA
4X4 All Terrain Vehicle|
18|
-----! style="align: center; background: #FFDEAD;" colspan="7" |Total Vehicle
-----||
Total
Tanks----Infantry Fighting Vehicle----Armoured Fighting Vehicles----Armoured Personnel Carrier----4X4 All Terrain Vehicle
445----422----309----637----18
Did not include the 20 new BMP-3Fs

Unarmored Vehicles

Steyr 700 AP, Nissan Q4W73,
DAF YA 400,
Land Rover LWB,
M-151 Jeep, Leyland 4000 kg,
Unimog trucks, Steyr 680M, Bedford MK, Steyr 17M29, Cakra FAV, Flyer FAV,
Casspir (used by Kopassus)

Other

12 x NDL-40 77 mm (built by PTDI), 6x RM-70 Grad 122 mm (used by Marine Corps), 24 BM-14 140 mm
Bofors 40 mm gun

Aircraft

! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Aircraft! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Origin! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Type! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Versions! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|In service"World Military Aircraft Inventory", Aerospace Source Book 2007, "Aviation Week & Space Technology", January 15 2007.] ! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Notes
-----
Aero Commander || USA|| utility transport || 680 || 3 ||
-----
Bell 47 || USA || utility helicopter || 47G || 10 ||
-----
Bell 205 || USA || utility helicopter || 205A-1 || 10 ||
-----
Bell 412 || USA || transport helicopter || 412

---

412SP || 14

---

14 ||
-----
Britten-Norman Islander || UK || utility transport || BN-2A || 1 ||
-----
CASA C-212 Aviocar || Spain || tactical transport || || 2 ||
-----
Cessna 310 || USA || utility transport || || 4 ||
-----
Douglas DC-3 || USA || tactical transport || C-47 || 2 ||
-----
Eurocopter Bo 105 || Indonesia || utility helicopter || || 17 || built by IPTN
-----
Mil Mi-17 Hip-H || Russia || transport & light attack helicopter || Mi-17-V5 || 10 ||
-----
Mil Mi-35 Hind || Russia || attack helicopter || Mi-35 Hind-F || 8 || 6 on order [http://www.milaviapress.com/orbat/indonesia/index.php]
-----
Schweizer 300 || USA || utility helicopter || 300C || 6 ||

List of Army Chief of Staffs

*Col. GPH Djatikusumo (1948-1949)
*Col. AH Nasution (1949-1952)
*Col./Maj.Gen. Bambang Sugeng (1952-1955)
*Maj. Gen. Bambang Utoyo (1955)
*Maj. Gen..Gen. AH Nasution (1955-1962)
*Let. Gen. Ahmad Yani (1962-1965)
*Maj. Gen. Pranoto Reksosamudra (temporary) (1965) [https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/kent-csi/docs/v14i2a02p_0007.htm]
*Maj. Gen. Suharto (1965-1967)
*Gen. Maraden Panggabean (1967-1969)
*Gen. Umar Wirahadikusumah (1969-1973)
*Gen. Surono (1973-1974)
*Gen. Makmun Murod (1974-1978)
*Gen. Widodo (1978-1980)
*Gen. Poniman (1980-1983)
*Gen. Rudini (1983-1986)
*Gen. Try Sutrisno (1986-1988)
*Gen. Edi Sudrajat (1988-1993)
*Gen. Wismoyo Arismunandar (1993-1995)
*Gen. Hartono (1995-1997)
*Gen. Wiranto (1997-1998)
*Gen. Subagyo Hadi Siswoyo (1998-1999)
*Gen. Tyasno Sudarto (1999-2000)
*Gen. Endriartono Sutarto (2000-2002)
*Gen. Ryamizard Ryacudu (2002-2005)
*Gen. Djoko Santoso (2005-2008)
*Gen. Agustadi Sasongko Purnomo (2008-present)

References

External links

* [http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/KODAM IndoWiki KODAMs]
* [http://www.tniad.mil.id/ Official website of TNI-AD (Army)]
* [http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/indonesia/abri.htm GlobalSecurity.org : Indonesia]
* [http://indoforce.tripod.com/ Unofficial site of Indonesian Armed Forces]
* [http://indonesiaeliteforces.tripod.com/id1.html Unofficial site of Indonesian Special Forces]
* Jane's Intelligence Review - January 1997 and March 1997
* [http://www.defence.gov.au/army/lwsc/Publications/journal/AAJ_Autumn05_henry_16.pdf Indonesian Civil-Military Relations] - Civil-Military Relations in Post-Suharto Indonesia and the Implications for Democracy Today: A Preliminary Analysis