RE1-silencing transcription factor

RE1-silencing transcription factor
RE1-silencing transcription factor
Identifiers
Symbols REST; NRSF; XBR
External IDs OMIM600571 MGI104897 HomoloGene4099 GeneCards: REST Gene
RNA expression pattern
PBB GE REST 212920 at tn.png
PBB GE REST 204535 s at tn.png
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species Human Mouse
Entrez 5978 19712
Ensembl ENSG00000084093 ENSMUSG00000029249
UniProt Q13127 A0JNY8
RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001193508.1 NM_011263.2
RefSeq (protein) NP_001180437.1 NP_035393.2
Location (UCSC) Chr 4:
57.77 – 57.81 Mb
Chr 5:
77.69 – 77.72 Mb
PubMed search [1] [2]

RE1-Silencing Transcription factor (REST), also known as Neuron-Restrictive Silencer Factor (NRSF), is a protein which in humans is encoded by the REST gene.[1][2][3]

Contents

Function

This gene encodes a transcriptional repressor which represses neuronal genes in non-neuronal tissues. It is a member of the Kruppel-type zinc finger transcription factor family. It represses transcription by binding a DNA sequence element called the neuron-restrictive silencer element (NRSE, also known as RE1). The protein is also found in undifferentiated neuronal progenitor cells, and it is thought that this repressor may act as a master negative regulator of neurogenesis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described; however, their full length nature has not been determined.[1]

REST contains 8 Cys2His2 zinc fingers and mediates gene repression by recruiting several chromatin-modifying enzymes.[4]

When expressed in fruit flies, this gene results in gonads where the wings should be.

NRSF bound to DNA and cofactors on each of its two cofactor binding domains.  
Chromatin remodeling occurs, causing the gene to be 'turned off'.  

Interactions

RE1-silencing transcription factor has been shown to interact with RCOR1.[5]

References

  1. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: REST RE1-silencing transcription factor". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5978. 
  2. ^ Schoenherr CJ, Anderson DJ (March 1995). "The neuron-restrictive silencer factor (NRSF): a coordinate repressor of multiple neuron-specific genes". Science 267 (5202): 1360–3. doi:10.1126/science.7871435. PMID 7871435. 
  3. ^ Chong JA, Tapia-Ramírez J, Kim S, Toledo-Aral JJ, Zheng Y, Boutros MC, Altshuller YM, Frohman MA, Kraner SD, Mandel G (March 1995). "REST: a mammalian silencer protein that restricts sodium channel gene expression to neurons". Cell 80 (6): 949–57. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90298-8. PMID 7697725. 
  4. ^ Ooi L, Wood IC (July 2007). "Chromatin crosstalk in development and disease: lessons from REST". Nat. Rev. Genet. 8 (7): 544–54. doi:10.1038/nrg2100. PMID 17572692. 
  5. ^ Andrés, M E; Burger C, Peral-Rubio M J, Battaglioli E, Anderson M E, Grimes J, Dallman J, Ballas N, Mandel G (Aug. 1999). "CoREST: a functional corepressor required for regulation of neural-specific gene expression". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (UNITED STATES) 96 (17): 9873–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.17.9873. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 22303. PMID 10449787. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=22303. 


Further reading

External links

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.


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