Alien (law)

Alien (law)
Legal status of persons
Concepts

Citizenship
Immigration
Illegal immigration
Nationality
Naturalization
Leave to Remain
Statelessness

Designations

Administrative detainee
Alien
Citizen
Dual-citizen
Illegal immigrant
Migrant worker
Native-born citizen
Naturalized citizen
Political prisoner
Refugee
Stateless person

Social politics

Immigration law
Illegal immigration
Nationalism
Nationality law
Nativism (politics)

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In law, an alien is a person in a country who is not a citizen of that country.[1]

Contents

Categorization

Types of "alien" persons are:

  • An alien who is legally permitted to remain in a country which is foreign to him or her. On specified terms, this kind of alien may be called a legal alien of that country. This is a very broad category which includes tourists, guest workers, legal permanent residents and student visa resident aliens.
  • An alien who has temporary or permanent residence in a country (which is foreign to him/her) may be called a resident alien of that country. This is a subset of the aforementioned legal alien category.
  • An alien who is visiting a country (which is foreign to him/her) may be called a nonresident alien of that country. This is a subset of the aforementioned legal alien category.
  • An alien who is present in a country (which is foreign to him/her) unlawfully or without the country's authorization is known as an illegal alien of that country.[2] An illegal alien commonly refers to a foreign national who resides in another country unlawfully, either by entering that country at a place other than a designated port-of-entry or as result of the expiration of a non-immigrant visa.
  • An enemy alien is an alien who is a national of an enemy country.

Specific jurisdictions

  • In U.S. law, an alien is "any person not a citizen or national of the United States."[3] The U.S. Government's use of alien dates back to 1798, when it was used in the Alien and Sedition Acts.[4] U.S. law makes a clear distinction between aliens and immigrants by defining immigrants as a subset of aliens.[3] Although U.S. law provides no overarching explicit definition of the term "illegal alien," the term is used in many statutes[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] and elsewhere (e.g., court cases, executive orders). U.S. law also uses the term "unauthorized alien."[14][15][16][17][18] U.S. immigration laws do not refer to illegal immigrants, but in common parlance the term "illegal immigrant" is often used to refer to any illegal alien.[19] Because at law, a corporation is a person, the term alien is not limited to natural humans because what are colloquially called foreign corporations are technically called alien corporations. Because corporations are creations of local state law, a foreign corporation is an out of state corporation.
  • In Latvian passports, alien is used for non-citizens (nepilsoņi): former citizens of USSR who don have voting rights for parliament of Latvia but have specific rights and privileges under Latvian law and international bilateral treaties like they are simultaneosly allowed to travel without visas both to EU and Russia, that is not possible for citizens.

See also

References

External links


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Look at other dictionaries:

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  • alien enemy — In international law, a foreign born citizen or subject of a nation or power that is hostile to the United States. Dictionary from West s Encyclopedia of American Law. 2005. alien enemy …   Law dictionary

  • alien registration card — (ARC) The official name used in immigration law for a green card, indicating that the holder has U.S. permanent residence. Category: Immigration → How to Get a Green Card Nolo’s Plain English Law Dictionary. Gerald N. Hill, Kathleen Thompson Hill …   Law dictionary

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  • Alien registration in Japan — Alien registration (外国人登録, gaikokujin tōroku?) is a system used to record information regarding aliens resident in Japan. It is handled at the municipal level, parallel to (but separately from) the koseki (family register) and juminhyo (resident… …   Wikipedia

  • Alien Land Law — may refer to* California Alien Land Law of 1913 * Washington Alien Land Law [http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file id=2124] * Texas Alien Land Law [http://www.texancultures.utsa.edu/txtext/chinese/chineselabor.htm] …   Wikipedia

  • Alien — Al ien, a. [OF. alien, L. alienus, fr. alius another; properly, therefore, belonging to another. See {Else}.] 1. Not belonging to the same country, land, or government, or to the citizens or subjects thereof; foreign; as, alien subjects, enemies …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Alien enemy — Alien Al ien, a. [OF. alien, L. alienus, fr. alius another; properly, therefore, belonging to another. See {Else}.] 1. Not belonging to the same country, land, or government, or to the citizens or subjects thereof; foreign; as, alien subjects,… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • alien — a‧li‧en [ˈeɪliən] noun [countable] someone who lives and works in a foreign country: • measures to prevent illegal aliens entering the country * * * alien UK US /ˈeɪliən/ noun [C] US LAW ► a person who lives in a foreign country of which they are …   Financial and business terms

  • Alien Thunder — Directed by Claude Fournier Produced by Marie José Raymond (producer) …   Wikipedia

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