List of constituents of the Great Western Railway

List of constituents of the Great Western Railway

The Great Western Railway (GWR) was incorporated by Act of Parliament in 1835 and Nationalised on 1 January 1948. During this time it amalgamated with, or purchased outright, many other railway companies. These are listed here in two groups. The early amalgamations (mostly between 1843 and 1900) were often railway companies that were already financially supported by the GWR. The Railways Act 1921 brought many new companies into the fold including many successful Welsh lines.

Key::♠ – Companies that were already operated by or leased to the GWR or one of the other absorbed railways before amalgamation. "Note: This list is incomplete.":♥ – Companies operating wholly or partly on the RailGauge|84 broad gauge at the time that they combined with the GWR. The broad gauge was finally abandoned on 21 May 1892.

Early amalgamations and purchases

* Cheltenham and Great Western Union Railway (1 July 1843)♠♥
* Berks and Hants Railway (1846)♠♥
* Monmouth and Hereford Railway (1846)
* Oxford and Rugby Railway (1846)♠♥
* Wilts, Somerset and Weymouth Railway (14 March 1850)♠♥
* Shrewsbury and Birmingham Railway (1 September 1854)
* Shrewsbury and Chester Railway (1 September 1854)
* Birkenhead Railway (1 January 1860)
** Chester and Birkenhead Railway
** Birkenhead, Lancashire and Cheshire Junction Railway
* South Wales Railway (1 January 1862)♠♥
* West Midlands Railway (1 August 1863)
** Newport, Abergavenny and Hereford Railway
** Oxford, Worcester and Wolverhampton Railway
** Worcester and Hereford Railway
* Vale of Neath Railway (1 February 1865)♥
** Aberdare Valley Railway
* Forest of Dean Central Railway (1866)
* Wycombe Railway (1867)♠
* Bristol and South Wales Union Railway (1868)♠♥
* Tenbury and Bewdley Railway (1869)
* Stourbridge Railway (1 February 1870)
* Wrexham and Minerva Railway (1871)
* Great Western and Brentford Railway (1872)♠
* Wallingford and Watlington Railway (1872)
* Llanelly Railway (1 January 1873)
* Llynvi and Ogmore Railway (1 July 1873)
** Llynvi Valley Railway
** Ogmore Valley Railway
* East Somerset Railway (1874)♠
* Monmouthshire Railway (1 August 1875
* Gloucester and Dean Forest Railway (1875)♠
* Bristol and Exeter Railway (1 January 1876)♥
* South Devon Railway (1 February 1876)♥
** Dartmouth and Torbay Railway
** Launceston and South Devon Railway
** Moretonhampstead and South Devon Railway
** South Devon and Tavistock Railway
* West Cornwall Railway (1 February 1876)♥
** Hayle Railway
* Culm Valley Light Railway (1880)♠
* Malmsbury Railway (1880)♠
* Carmarthen and Cardigan Railway (1 July 1882)
* Berks and Hants Extension Railway (1882)♠
* Torbay and Brixham Railway (1 January 1883)♥
* Festiniog and Blaenau Railway (10 September 1883)
* Stratford-on-Avon Railway (1883)
* Watlington and Princes Risborough Railway (1 January 1884)
* Whitland and Cardigan Railway (1 September 1886)
* Faringdon Railway (1886)
* Worcester, Bromyard and Leominster Railway (1888)
* Cornwall Railway (1 July 1889)♥
* Newent Railway (1892)
* Ross and Ledbury Railway (1892)
* Wellington and Severn Junction Railway (1892)
* Cornwall Minerals Railway (1 July 1896)♠
** Lostwithiel and Fowey Railway
** Newquay and Cornwall Junction Railway
** Newquay Railway
** Par Tramway
* Pembroke and Tenby Railway (1 July 1896)
* Calne Railway (1896)♠
* Corwen and Bala Railway (1896)
* Llangollen and Corwen Railway (1896)
* Marlborough Railway (1896)
* Milford Railway (1896)
* Wenlock Railway (1896)
* Vale of Llangollen Railway (1896)
* Banbury and Cheltenham Direct Railway (1897)
* Buckfastleigh, Totnes and South Devon Railway (1897)
* Kington and Eadisley Railway (1897)
* Minehead Railway (1897)♠
* Nantwich and Markwt Drayton Railway (1897)
* North Pembrokeshire and Fishguard Railway (1 July 1898)
** Maenclochog Railway
** North Pembrokeshire and Fishguard Railway
* Helston Railway (1898)♠
* Leominster and Kington Railway (1898)
* Staines and West Drayton Railway (1900)♠
* Golden Valley Railway (Pontrilas to Hay Junction) (1 May 1901)♠
* Bridport Railway (1901)♠
* Devon and Somerset Railway (1901)♠
* Ely Valley Railway (South Wales) (1903)
* Wye Valley Railway (1905)
* Lambourn Valley Railway (1 July 1906)
* Manchester and Milford Railway (1 July 1907)
* Bala and Festiniog Railway (1910)

1921 Railways Act

The following companies were absorbed into the Great Western Railway as a result of the Railways Act 1921, however they were incorporated into the new larger business on the different dates shown.

* Alexandra (Newport and South Wales) Docks and Railway (1 January 1922, 10.5 miles (17 km)
* Barry Railway (1 January 1922, 68 miles (109 km)
** Vale of Glamorgan Railway 20.75 miles (33 km♠)
* Cambrian Railways (1 January 1922, 295.25 miles (472 km)
** Aberystwyth and Welsh Coast Railway
** Llanidloes and Newtown Railway
** Mawddwy Light Railway ♠
** Mid-Wales Railway
** Newtown and Machynlleth Railway
** Oswestry, Ellesmere and Whitchurch Railway
** Oswestry and Newtown Railway
** Tanat Valley Light Railway
** Vale of Rheidol Railway
** Van Railway♠
** Welshpool and Llanfair Light Railway ♠
** Wrexham and Ellesmere Railway ♠
* Cardiff Railway (1 January 1922, 11.75 miles (19 km)
* Cleobury, Mortimer and Ditton Priors Railway (1 January 1922, 12 miles (19 km)
* Port Talbot Railway (1 January 1922, 35 miles (56 km)
** South Wales Mineral Railway (13 miles (21 km♠)
* Princetown Railway (1922, 10.5 miles (17 km)
* Rhondda and Swansea Bay Railway (1 January 1922, 29 miles (46 km)
* Rhymney Railway (1 January 1922, 51 miles (82 km)
* Taff Vale Railway (1 January 1922, 124.5 miles (199 km)
** Penarth Extension Railway (1.75 miles (3 km♠)
** Penarth Harbour, Dock and Railway (9.75 miles (16 km♠)
* West Somerset Railway (1922, 14.5 miles (23 km♠)
* Brecon and Merthyr Railway (1 July 1922, 59.75 miles (97 km)
* Burry Port and Gwendraeth Valley Railway (1 July 1922, 21 miles (34 km)
* Neath and Brecon Railway (1 July 1922)
* Gwendraeth Valley Railways (1 January 1923, 3 miles (5 km♠)
* Llanelly and Mynydd Mawr Railway (1 January 1923, 13 miles (21 km)
* Didcot, Newbury and Southampton Railway (1923, 42.75 miles (68 km♠)
* Midland and South Western Junction Railway (1 July 1923, 63.25 miles (101 km)
* Swansea Harbour Trust (1 July 1923)
* Powisland and Mason (contractors at Swansea Docks) (1 January 1924)
* East Gloucestershire Railway 25.5 miles (41 km♠)
* Exeter Railway 8.75 miles (14 km♠)
* Forest of Dean Central Railway 5 miles (8 km♠)
* Lampeter, Aberayron and New Quay Light Railway 12 miles (19 km♠)
* Liskeard and Looe Railway 9 miles (14 km♠)
* Ross and Monmouth Railway 12.5 miles (20 km♠)
* Teign Valley Railway 7.75 miles (12 km♠)

References

*cite book| last = MacDermot| first = E T| title = History of the Great Western Railway, volume I 1833-1863| publisher = Great Western Railway| date = 1927| location = London
*cite book| last = MacDermot| first = E T| title = History of the Great Western Railway, volume II 1863-1921| publisher = Great Western Railway| date = 1931| location = London
*cite book| title = The Locomotives of the Great Western Railway, Part 3: Absorbed Engines 1854-1921| publisher = The Railway Correspondence and Travel Society| date=1956

ee also

* History of rail transport in Great Britain
* List of early British railway companies


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