Treaty 5

Treaty 5

Treaty 5 is a treaty that was first established in September, 1875, between Queen Victoria and Saulteaux and Swampy Cree non-treaty tribes and peoples around Lake Winnipeg in the part of the North-West Territories known as Rupert's Land. [A written text is included in Alexander Morris, "The Treaties of Canada with the Indians", Belfords , Clarke & Co., Toronto (1880); see also http://www.ainc-inac.gc.ca/pr/trts/trty5_e.html, accessed August 14, 2008.] Much of what is today central and northern Manitoba was covered by the treaty, as were a few small adjoining portions of the present-day provinces of Saskatchewan and Ontario. The Treaty was completed in two rounds. The first was from September 1875 to September 1876. The Crown intended in 1875 to include only "the Indians [east and west] of Lake Winnipeg for the surrender of the Territory uncovered by previous treaties" including "the proposed migration [Manitoba Free Press, Winnipeg, Letter to the Editor, Thursday, March 27, 1875, p.5.] of the Norway House band". [Kenneth S. Coates & William R. Morrison, "Treaty Research Report: Treaty 5 (1875)", Treaties and Historical Research Centre, Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (1986), pp. 10-13.] Pimicikamak territory was north of the lake. It was included by accident or design of Tepastenam attending the Norway House signing. [The Privy Council adopted a recommendation from the Department of the Interior that excluded Pimicikamak from the Commissioners' authority to treat; LAC, Privy Council Office: Treaty with Indians on either side of Lake Winnipeg - Interior 2 July - Expediency of negotiating; Order-in-Council Number 1875-0707, Date Approved: 1875/07/09, ref. RG2, Privy Council Office, Ser. A-1-a.] Additional peoples and groups signed on between 1908 and 1910.

Timeline

* 20 September 1875: signing of Treaty 5 at Beren's River, Manitoba
* 24 September 1875: signing of Treaty 5 by Norway House [Most of the Norway House residents moved in 1876 to Fisher River; see Alexander Morris, "The Treaties of Canada with the Indians", Belfords , Clarke & Co., Toronto (1880).] and Pimicikamak peoples [The Pimicikamak people were allotted a reserve at Cross Lake; see Dispatch of Lieut.-Gov. of N.W.T. to the Minister of the Interior, October 11, 1875, in Alexander Morris, "The Treaties of Canada with the Indians".] at Norway House, Manitoba
* 27 September 1875: Grand Rapids signing
* 28 September 1875: signing by Wa-Pang or Dog-Head Island community, to be included with the reservation assigned for the Norway House community
* 26 July 1876: Big Island signing at Wa-Pang/Dog-Head Island
* 4 August 1876: signing by Grand Rapids tribes at Beren's River
* 7 September 1876: signing by Black River Saulteaux band, signed in Winnipeg
* 7 September 1876: The Pas signing by tribes in that region
* 26 June 1908: Split Lake adhesion signing
* 8 July 1908: Norway House adhesion signing
* 15 July 1908: Cross Lake adhesion signing
* 30 July 1908: Nelson House adhesion signing
* 24 August 1908: Fisher River adhesion signing
* 29 July 1909: Oxford House adhesion signing
* 6 August 1909: God's Lake adhesion signing
* 13 August 1909: Island Lake adhesion signing
* 9 June 1910: Deer's Lake East adhesion signing
* 10 August 1910: York Factory adhesion signing

Notes

List of Treaty 5 First Nations / Peoples

*Manitoba
**Berens River First Nation
**Bloodvein First Nation
**Bunibonibee Cree First Nation
**Chemawawin Cree First Nation
**Fisher River Cree Nation
**Fox Lake First Nation
**Garden Hill First Nations
**God's Lake First Nation
**Grand Rapids First Nation
**Hollow Water First Nation
**Kinonjeoshtegon First Nation
**Black River First Nation
**Little Grand Rapids First Nation
**Manto Sipi Cree First Nation
**Mosakahiken Cree First Nation
**Nisichawayasihk Cree Nation
**Norway House Cree Nation
**Opaskwayak Cree Nation
**Pauingassi First Nation
**Pimicikamak
**Poplar River First Nation
**Red Sucker Lake First Nation
**St. Theresa Point First Nation
**Sayisi Dene First Nation
**Shamattawa First Nation
**Tataskweyak Cree Nation
**War Lake First Nation
**Wasagamack First Nation
**York Factory First Nation
*Ontario
**Deer Lake First Nation
**North Spirit Lake First Nation
**Pikangikum First Nation
**Poplar Hill First Nation
**Sandy Lake First Nation

*Saskatchewan
**Cumberland House Cree First Nation
**Red Earth First Nation
**Shoal Lake of the Cree First Nation

ee also

* The Canadian Crown and First Nations, Inuit and Métis
* Nishnawbe Aski Nation


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