Michael Hayes (spree killer)

Michael Charles Hayes (born January 13, 1964 [Nicholson, R.B. "Murder on Salisbury Road" (Charlotte, NC: Jostens), 2007, pg. 11] in Winston-Salem, NC) is an American spree killer whose successful use of the insanity defense in North Carolina courts created a statewide controversy in the early 1990s.

Background

Michael Hayes grew up in southern Forsyth County, North Carolina. After beginning to use drugs at age 13, Hayes became known for bullying and self-aggrandizing behavior, fueled by probable mental illness and drug abuse. [Nicholson, "Murder on Salisbury Road"]

After bouncing from job to job, Hayes began to work at a business purchased by his parents. The business, Edwards' Moped Shop, was located on Old Salisbury Road in southern Forsyth County, near the Davidson County line. After stealing funds from the business for a number of months, Hayes' parents threatened to sell the business and stop supporting him, an idea that helped to fuel Hayes' break with reality. [Nicholson, "Murder on Salisbury Road"]

The Old Salisbury Road Murders

After exhibiting unstable behavior for a few weeks, and following police reports of concern over his behavior, Michael Hayes shot nine passersby from the centerline of the darkened road in front of his parents moped shop on the night of July 17, 1988. Four of those who were shot, Crystal Cantrell, Tom Nicholson, Melinda Hayes and Ronnie Hull, died. Complicating matters, the moped shop sat near the Forsyth and Davidson County lines, leading to confusion as to which law enforcement agency had jurisdiction.

Hayes later "explained" his actions by claiming that he believed the passersby were demons that needed to be killed.

Trial, Verdict, and Aftermath

Hayes' trial began in Forsyth County on March 27, 1989. The scene became a media circus, resulting in difficulties in trying to seat an impartial jury. After several weeks of testimony, Hayes' defense attorneys convinced a jury that Hayes was insane at the time of the murders, resulting in a "Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity" verdict. Many in the community and state were outraged. [ [http://www.journalnow.com/servlet/Satellite?pagename=WSJ/MGArticle/WSJ_ColumnistArticle&c=MGArticle&cid=1173352861058 Winston-Salem Journal | Hayes gets wide latitude from old law on mentally ill ] ]

Hayes was committed to the Dorothea Dix State Mental Hospital in Raleigh. At Dix, he was given Haldol, a drug often used to reduce aggression or treat schizophrenia. The psychosis went away, and Hayes went off the drug in 1989. Since then, he has never been on medication for mental illness. [ [http://www.journalnow.com/servlet/Satellite?pagename=WSJ/MGArticle/WSJ_BasicArticle&c=MGArticle&cid=1173352806497 Winston-Salem Journal | Psychiatrists say Hayes is sane, not a danger ] ] Hayes' yearly petitions to be set free are usually met with protest from the victims' families and scrutiny by the media. [ [http://www.journalnow.com/servlet/Satellite?pagename=WSJ/MGArticle/WSJ_ColumnistArticle&c=MGArticle&cid=1173352861058 Winston-Salem Journal | Hayes gets wide latitude from old law on mentally ill ] ]

As a result of the public outrage at the Hayes verdict, the N.C. General Assembly has made a few attempts to change the law regarding verdicts of "not guilty by reason of insanity." The most notable attempt came in 1998, when a handful of Republicans, outraged by the news that Hayes had fathered a second child while ostensibly in custody at Dix, attempted to introduce a bill that would change an insanity verdict to "guilty but insane." Such a change would allow for incarceration, rather than release, following psychiatric treatment.

Recent Developments

The area of the killings has transformed from rural to suburban, with the addition of shopping centers and subdivisions, in the years since the Hayes murders. The building that housed the moped shop was demolished in the late 1990s to make way for a construction waste landfill. Attempts to erect a memorial to Hayes' victims near the site have been unsuccessful.

In September, 2007, Hayes was again in the media spotlight after it was revealed that Dix Hospital had allowed him to leave the hospital to work at a Raleigh-area gas station. The gas station fired Hayes after receiving anonymous threats of firebombing the store or killing Hayes while he was working. [ [http://www.journalnow.com/servlet/Satellite?pagename=WSJ/MGArticle/WSJ_BasicArticle&c=MGArticle&cid=1173352806497 Winston-Salem Journal | Psychiatrists say Hayes is sane, not a danger ] ] At a recent hearing, numerous psychiatrists who have cared for Hayes testified that Hayes should be released from custody. [ [http://www.journalnow.com/servlet/Satellite?pagename=WSJ/MGArticle/WSJ_BasicArticle&c=MGArticle&cid=1173352806497 Winston-Salem Journal | Psychiatrists say Hayes is sane, not a danger ] ]

On September 27, 2007, Hayes was denied release by Judge Steve Balog, despite testimony from numerous psychiatrists as to Hayes' mental stability. [ [http://www.journalnow.com/servlet/Satellite?pagename=WSJ/MGArticle/WSJ_BasicArticle&c=MGArticle&cid=1173352921948 Winston-Salem Journal | Judge: Hayes to remain Dorothea Dix Hospital ] ]

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