William Cleghorn

Infobox_Philosopher
region = Western Philosophy
era = 18th-century philosophy
color = #B0C4DE

image_caption =

name = William Cleghorn
birth = 1718 (baptism 8 May 1719), Edinburgh, Scotland
death = 1754
school_tradition = Empiricism, Scottish Enlightenment
main_interests = Political philosophy, Moral philosophy
influences =
influenced = Adam Ferguson

William Cleghorn (1718–1754) was a British philosopher. He was born to a successful Scottish brewer, Hugh Cleghorn, and Jean Hamilton, and died in 1754, aged 36.Nobbs, Douglas. 1965. 'The Political Ideas of William Cleghorn, Hume's Academic Rival'. "Journal of the History of Ideas", Vol. 26, No. 4: 575–86] William Cleghorn was Chair of Pneumatics [Philosophy of mind| [mental philosophy] and Moral Philosophy at the University of Edinburgh from 1745 until his death in 1754. [' [http://www.philosophy.ed.ac.uk/info/history.html Some Notes on the History of the Philosophy Department] ', University of Edinburgh website (accessed 9 Sept 2007.)] Four volumes of notes on Cleghorn's lectures on moral philosophy from 1746–47 are stored at the University of Edinburgh library. [' [http://www.dswebhosting.info/SCAN/dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Site20&dsqDb=Catalog&dsqCmd=Show.tcl&dsqSearch=(RefNo='GB237/Dc.3.3-6') Lectures of Professor William Cleghorn] ', Edinburgh University Library, Special Collections Division.]

Cleghorn: David Hume's rival

Cleghorn is primarily remembered for being a rival of the more famous philosopher David Hume. In 1744 and 1745, Hume and Cleghorn were competing candidates for the position of Chair of Pneumatics and Moral Philosophy at the University of Edinburgh. Hume was arguably the better of the two candidates. He is clearly of greater historical importance. However, the town council appointed Cleghorn to the position on the 5th of June 1745. Hume was an atheist, and it is known that many of the ministers of Edinburgh opposed his appointment to the Chair's position, and petitioned the town council, describing Hume as amoral, an atheist, and a sceptic. It has been suggested that a clique of people who disliked Hume's personal beliefs arranged for Cleghorn to be given the Chair's position at the University. However, some historians believe that Cleghorn was appointed to the position, not because of rivalry based on personal beliefs, but rather because of rivalry between two competing schools of thought on moral philosophy.

Cleghorn and Adam Ferguson

Cleghorn was a friend, and probably also teacher, of Adam Ferguson. It is thought that one of the characters in Ferguson's philosophical work "Dialogue on a Highland Jaunt" is based on Cleghorn. [Mossner, Ernest Campbell. 1963. 'Adam Ferguson's "Dialogue on a Highland Jaunt" with Robert Adam, William Cleghorn, David Hume, and William Wilkie'. In Carroll Camden (ed.), "Restoration and Eighteenth-Century Literature". Chicago: University of Chicago Press: 297–308] It has also been claimed that Cleghorn recommended, shortly before his death, that Ferguson be given the Chair of Pneumatics and Moral Philosophy once he had died. Ferguson was not given the Chair at this time, although he was given it later.

Notes

Bibliography

*Cleghorn, William. 1746–1747. ' [http://www.dswebhosting.info/SCAN/dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Site20&dsqDb=Catalog&dsqCmd=Show.tcl&dsqSearch=(RefNo='GB237/Dc.3.3-6') Lectures of Professor William Cleghorn] '. University of Edinburgh Library, Special Collections Division.
*Frasca-Spada, Marina. 2001. 'The Many Lives of Eighteenth-Century Philosophy'. "British Journal for the History of Philosophy", Vol. 9, No. 1: 135–44.
*Mossner, Ernest Campbell. 1963. 'Adam Ferguson's "Dialogue on a Highland Jaunt" with Robert Adam, William Cleghorn, David Hume, and William Wilkie'. In Carroll Camden (ed.), "Restoration and Eighteenth-Century Literature". Chicago: University of Chicago Press: 297–308.
*Mossner, Ernest Campbell. 2001. (2nd Ed.). "The Life of David Hume". Oxford University Press.
*Nobbs, Douglas. 1965. 'The Political Ideas of William Cleghorn, Hume's Academic Rival'. "Journal of the History of Ideas", Vol. 26, No. 4: 575–86.