Fernando de Alva Cortés Ixtlilxochitl

Fernando de Alva Cortés Ixtlilxóchitl (b. between 1568 and 1580, Texcoco—1648, Mexico City) was a Mexican historian.

Life

A Mestizo born between 1568 and 1580, Alva Cortés Ixtlilxóchitl was a direct descendant of Ixtlilxóchitl I and Ixtlilxóchitl II, "tlatoque" (rulers) of Texcoco. He was also the great-great-grandson of Cuitláhuac, the next-to-last Aztec ruler of Tenochtitlan and victor of la Noche Triste. He was a distinguished student at the Imperial College of Santa Cruz de Tlatelolco, where he was educated in both Nahuatl and Spanish. He lived in San Juan Teotihuacán from 1600 to 1604. In 1612 he was governor of Texcoco, and in 1613 governor of Tlalmanalco.

In spite of his illustrious birth, good education and obvious ability, he lived most of his life in dire poverty. Most of his works were written to relieve his wants.

Works

He was commissioned by the Spanish viceroy of New Spain to write histories of the Indigenous peoples of Mexico. His "Relación histórica de la nación tulteca" (usually called "Relación") was written between 1600 and 1608. This was an account of many events in New Spain, and many events of the Toltec people. The "Relación" and most of his other accounts and compilations contain writing fragments and songs, with much repetition and little organization. He gives a detailed account of the important part played by his great-grandfather Don Fernando Ixtlilxóchitl II in the conquest of Mexico and the pacification of the Indigenous of New Spain, praising him in every possible way and condemning the ingratitude of the conquerors.

Later (1610 to 1640, according to Chavero), Alva wrote the Spanish work "Historia chichimeca", which refers to the same events, but with more organization. "Historia chichimeca" is not the original title, which is unknown, but was supplied by Carlos de Sigüenza y Góngora when the manuscript was in his possession. Lorenzo Boturini Bernaducci, who owned the same manuscript later, called it "Historia general de la Nueva España". There are indications it was part of a larger work, the rest of which has been lost, or perhaps it was unfinished. It ends with the siege of Mexico. The work gives the Texcoca version of pre-Columbian history and the conquest, in contrast to the work of Fernando Alvarado Tezozómoc, which gives the Mexica version. The "Historia chichimeca" is considered Alva's best work.

His works contain very important data for the history of Mexico, but except for "Historia chichimeca", they are written without order or method, the chronology is very faulty, and there is much repetition.

Alfredo Chavero published his works, annotated, with the title of "Obras históricas" ("Historical Works") in 1891-92. José Ignacio Dávila Garibi reproduced that edition with a new prologue in 1952.

The Codex Ixtlilxochitl is attributed to him.

He wrote two memorials, "Sucinta" and "Sumaria", addressed to Viceroy Luis de Velasco (hijo) and Fray García Guerra. These were attempts to recover some of the property and privileges of his royal ancestors. Partly owing to these appeals, and partly to the favor of Fray García Guerra, who afterwards became archbishop of Mexico and viceroy of New Spain, some land concessions were granted him, and in the last years of his life he was appointed interpreter in the Indian judiciary court. He was still working there when he died in 1648, poor and forgotten.

References

: aut|Boturini, Lorenzo (1749). "Idea de una historia general de la América Septentrional". Madrid. es icon: cite book |author=aut|Bustamante, Jesús |year=1995 |chapter=Professional Indian, Professional Criollo. Nahuatl Versions of Classical Spanish Theatre |title=Shifting Cultures: Interaction and Discourse in the Expansion of Europe |editor=Henriette Bugge and Joan Pau Rubiés (eds.) |series=Periplus Parerga, nowrap|Bd. 4 |location=Münster, Germany |publisher=LIT Verlag |pages=pp.71–96 |isbn=3-8258-2614-7 |oclc=36278908 : aut|Chavero, Alfredo (ed.) (1891-92). "Obras históricas de D. Fernando de Alba Ixtlilxochitl". Mexico. es icon : aut|Hoyo, Eugenio del (1957). "Ensayo historiográfico sobre D. Fernando de Alva Ixtlilxóchitl", in "Memorias de la Academia Mexicana de la Historia", vol. XVI. es icon : aut|Ixtlilxochitl, Fernando de Alva (1975). "Obras historicas", 2 vols. (Mexico,). Edmundo O'Gorman, ed. es icon: aut|Ixtlilxóchitl, Fernando de Alva (1996). "Enciclopedia de México", v. 1. Mexico City, ISBN 1-56409-016-7. es icon

External links

* [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08258b.htm Fernando de Alva Cortés Ixtlilxochitl] at the Catholic Encyclopedia
*es icon [http://www.artehistoria.com/frames.htm?http://www.artehistoria.com/historia/personajes/5899.htm Short biography]