Belweder

Infobox Historic building

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caption=Belweder Palace (view from "ulica Belwederska").
name=Belweder Palace
location_town=Warsaw
location_country=Poland
architect=Jakub Kubicki (1819-1822)
client=Krzysztof Zygmunt Pac, Grand Duke Constantine
engineer=
construction_start_date=1660 [WarsawTour, Official Web Portal Warsaw, [http://www.warsawtour.pl/index.php?id=54&pid=408645198 Belweder] ]
completion_date=
date_demolished=
cost=
structural_system=
style=Neoclassical |

Belweder (IPA|/bɛlvɛdɛr/; Polish: "Pałac Belwederski", Belweder Palace, from the Italian "bello" and "vedere" — "beautiful" and "to see") is a palace in Warsaw, a few kilometers south of the Royal Castle.

History

The present building is the latest of several that have stood on the site since 1660. Belweder once belonged to Poland's last king, Stanisław August Poniatowski, who used it as a porcelain-manufacturing plant.

From 1818 it was the residence of Russian Grand Duke Constantine, who fled it at the beginning of the November 1830 Uprising.

After the re-establishment of Poland's independence following World War I, it was (with a hiatus, 1922-26) the residence of Marshal Józef Piłsudski, Chief of State (1918–22) and later (1926-35) dictator of Poland, who died there in 1935. (During the May 1926 coup d'etat, President Stanisław Wojciechowski had abandoned it ahead of Piłsudski's advancing forces.)

During World War II, the building was extensively remodeled for Hans Frank, Governor-General of the German-occupied "General Government" of Poland.

In 1945-1952 it was the residence of Bolesław Bierut, and later of the president of the Council of State. From 1989 to July 1994, it was the official residence of Poland's president, but proved too small for that purpose.

Protection of the Belweder Palace by the Government Protection Bureau ("Biuro Ochrony Rządu", abbreviated "BOR") has been difficult, as the palace is located on a hill that shares a fence with the Łazienki Park, located below, a major tourist attraction. For security reasons, the park has had to be partly closed during visits by foreign heads of state to the Belweder. Due to the size of Łazienki Park, this has proven difficult and time-consuming, and the Polish press has mocked Secret Service agents checking the bushes and disturbing the Park's peacocks.

Currently Belweder is used by the President and the Government for ceremonial purposes, while the President resides at the "Governor's Palace" in the city center. It also serves as an official residence for heads of state on official visits to Poland and other important guests.

There have been plans to turn the Belweder Palace into a museum dedicated to Józef Piłsudski. Currently it houses a small exhibition devoted to the Marshal.

References

Gallery

Łazienki Park in 1775 by Bernardo Bellotto
November Uprising
Józef Piłsudski in front of the Belweder, Piłsudski's residence

ee also

* Royal Route
* Presidential Palace
* Polish classicism

External links

* [http://www.um.warszawa.pl/v_syrenka/perelki/index_en.php?mi_id=35&dz_id=14 Belvedere]
* [http://lazienki.ueu.pl/content/view/129/190/lang,pl/ Belweder]