Adama

Adama
Adama
ኣዳማ
Nazret
The Addis Ababa-Dire Dawa Road in Adama, Ethiopia.
Adama is located in Ethiopia
Adama
Location within Ethiopia
Coordinates: 08°33′N 39°16′E / 8.55°N 39.267°E / 8.55; 39.267Coordinates: 08°33′N 39°16′E / 8.55°N 39.267°E / 8.55; 39.267
Country Ethiopia
Region Oromia
Zone Misraq (East) Shewa
Elevation 1,712 m (5,617 ft)
Population (2005)
 – Total 228,623
Time zone EAT (UTC+3)
Area code(s) 22

Adama (Oromo Adaamaa or Hadaamaa, Ge'ez ኣዳማ ādāmā), better known[1] as Nazret or Nazreth (ናዝሬት nāzrēt), is a city in central Ethiopia and the previous capital of the Oromia Region.[2][3] It is located in the Misraq Shewa Zone of Oromia, at 8°33′N 39°16′E / 8.55°N 39.27°E / 8.55; 39.27 at an elevation of 1712 meters, 99 km southeast of Addis Ababa. The city sits between the base of an escarpment to the west, and the Great Rift Valley to the east.

Contents

Overview

Adama is a busy transportation center. The city is situated along the road that connects Addis Ababa with Dire Dawa. A large number of trucks use this same route to travel to and from the seaports of Djibouti and Asseb (though the latter is not currently used by Ethiopia, following the Eritrean-Ethiopian War). Additionally, the Addis Ababa-Djibouti railroad runs through Adama.[3][4][5][6]

Adama University (formerly Adama Technical Teachers College) is located in Adama. Adama Stadium is the home of Adama City FC, a member of the Ethiopian Football Federation league.

History

Following World War II, Emperor Haile Selassie renamed the town after Biblical Nazareth, and this name was used for the remainder of the twentieth century.[5] In 2000, the city officially reverted to its original Oromo language name, Adama,[7][5] though "Nazareth" is still widely used.[8]

In 2000, the government moved the regional capital of Oromia from Addis Ababa to Adama,[5] sparking considerable controversy. Critics of the move believed that the Ethiopian government wished to deemphasize Addis Ababa's location within Oromia.[9][10] On the other hand, the government maintained that Addis Ababa "has been found inconvenient from the point of view of developing the language, culture and history of the Oromo people."[8]

On June 10, 2005, the Oromo Peoples' Democratic Organization (OPDO), part of the ruling EPRDF coalition, officially announced plans to move the regional capital back to Finfinne (the Oromo name for Addis Ababa).[11] This announcement occurred during the aftermath of Ethiopia's most democratic elections to date, in which the governing coalition lost all of its seats in Addis Ababa's municipal administration (see Ethiopian general elections, 2005). The opposition parties speculated that the move was intended as a way to split them along ethnic lines by inciting the largely non-Oromo residents of Addis Ababa to oppose the return of the Oromia government to the Ethiopian capital.[citation needed] The only comments from the opposition that the move inspired, however, was that the original move to Adama had been a massive waste of money, not to mention lives, as the government had cracked down on Oromo students who had protested the move from Finfinne to Adama. In any event, non-Oromo groups did not oppose the return of Oromia government offices to Addis Ababa.[citation needed]

Demographics

Based on the 2007 Census conducted by the Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia (CSA), this city has a total population of 220,212, an increase of 72.25% over the population recorded in the 1994 census, of whom 108,872 are men and 111,340 women. With an area of 29.86 square kilometers, Adama has a population density of 7,374.82; all are urban inhabitants. A total of 60,174 households were counted in this city, which results in an average of 3.66 persons to a household, and 59,431 housing units.[12] The 1994 national census reported this town had a total population of 127,842 of whom 61,965 were males and 65,877 were females.

References

  1. ^ Alain Gascon, "Adaama" in Siegbert von Uhlig, ed., Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, Wiesbaden:Harrassowitz Verlag, 2003, p.70.
  2. ^ 2009 CIA map marks Nazrēt (Adama) as an administrative (regional) capital..
  3. ^ a b Central Intelligence Agency (2009). Eritrea and Ethiopia (Map). 1:5,000,000. Map #803395. http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/africa/eritrea_ethiopia_2009.jpg. 
  4. ^ Microsoft (2011). bing Maps (Map). http://www.bing.com/maps/?v=2&cp=8.549999999999997~39.266667&lvl=12&dir=0&sty=r&sp=Point.jdrgzzm85000_Adama____. Retrieved 2011-05-05. 
  5. ^ a b c d Lindahl, Bernhard (2005). "Naader - Neguz" (PDF). Nordic Africa Institute. pp. 8-13. http://130.238.24.99/library/resources/dossiers/local_history_of_ethiopia/n/ORTNA05.pdf. Retrieved 2011-09-20. "The name was changed from Adama (Hadama) to Nazret (Nazareth) a little before 1948. This belonged to a general pattern of introducing Christian names instead of traditional Oromo names." 
  6. ^ Lindahl, Bernhard (2005). "Dil Amba - Djibiet" (pdf). Local History in Ethiopia. The Nordic Africa Institute. http://130.238.24.99/library/resources/dossiers/local_history_of_ethiopia/d/ORTDIL05.pdf. Retrieved 2011-09-20. "The Franco-Ethiopian railway company in 1960-1963 carried out surveys for extending the railway with a 310 km line from Nazret to Dilla." 
  7. ^ "Aadu - Alyume" (PDF). Local History in Ethiopia. Nordic Africa Institute. 2008. p. 28. http://www.nai.uu.se/library/resources/dossiers/local_history_of_ethiopia/A/ORTAA.pdf. Retrieved 2010-11-11. 
  8. ^ a b "Nazareth Selected as Oromiya's Capital". Walta Information Center. July 13, 2000. http://www.telecom.net.et/~walta/ennews/html/jul/ed130700/html/newsitem_3.html. Retrieved February 25, 2006. 
  9. ^ Hameso, Seyoum and Tilahun Ayanou Nebo (2000). "Ethiopia: A New Start?". The Sidama Concern. http://www.sidamaconcern.com/books/ethiopia_a_new_start.html. Retrieved February 25, 2006. 
  10. ^ Mosisa, Abraham T. (January 13, 2004). "Letter to U.N. Secretary-General". Oromo Studies Association. Archived from the original on February 22, 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20060222235224/http://oromostudies.org/lettertoUNSecretaryGeneral.htm. Retrieved February 25, 2006. 
  11. ^ "Chief Administrator of Oromia says decision to move capital city based on study". Walta Information Center. 2005-06-11. Archived from the original on 2005-06-13. http://web.archive.org/web/20050613234040/http://waltainfo.com/EnNews/2005/Jun/11Jun05/Jun11e11.htm. Retrieved February 25, 2006. 
  12. ^ Census 2007 Tables: Amhara Region, Tables 2.1, 2.4, 2.5, 3.1, 3.2 and 3.4.

Further reading

  • Briggs, Philip. Guide to Ethiopia. Old Saybrook, Connecticut: Globe Pequot Press, 1995. ISBN 1-56440-814-0

External links


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