Cinematograph

Cinematograph
The cinématographe Lumière in projection mode.

A cinematograph is a film camera, which also serves as a film projector and developer. It was invented in the 1890s.[notes 1]

There is much dispute as to the identity of its inventor. Some argue[who?] that the device was first invented and patented as "Cinématographe Léon Bouly" by French inventor Léon Bouly on February 12, 1892. It is said that, due to a lack of fee, Bouly was not able to pay the rent for his patent the following year, and Auguste and Louis Lumière's engineers bought the license.

Popular thought, however, dictates that Louis Lumière was the first to conceptualise the idea, and both Lumière brothers shared the patent. They made their first film, Sortie de l'usine Lumière de Lyon, in 1894. The film was publicly screened at L'Eden, the world's first and oldest cinéma, located in La Ciotat in southeastern France, on September 28, 1895. The first commercial, public screening of cinematographic films happened in Paris on 28 December 1895 and was organised by the Lumière brothers.[1]

The cinématographe Lumière in filming mode.

Several versions of cinématographes were developed, including ones by Robert Royou Beard, Cecil Wray, Georges Demenÿ, Alfred Wrench, and that of the Lumière brothers.[2]


See also

References

  1. ^ Note that this was not the first 'moving picture' device. Louis Le Prince had built early devices in 1886. His 1888 film Roundhay Garden Scene still survives.
  1. ^ Louis Lumiere, The Lumiere Cinematograph. In:Fielding, Raymond (1979). A technological history of motion pictures and television: an anthology from the pages of the Journal of the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers. University of California Press. pp. 49–51. ISBN 0520039815. 
  2. ^ "Machines". Who's Who of Victorian Cinema. British Film Institute. http://www.victorian-cinema.net/machines.htm#cinematographelumiere. 

External links



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  • cinematograph — noun Etymology: French cinématographe, from Greek kinēmat , kinēma movement (from kinein to move) + French o + graphe graph more at kinesis Date: 1896 chiefly British a motion picture camera, projector, theater, or show …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • cinematograph — cinematographic /sin euh mat euh graf ik/, adj. cinematographically, adv. /sin euh mat euh graf , grahf /, Chiefly Brit. n. 1. a motion picture projector. 2. a motion picture camera. v.t., v.i. 3. to photograph with a motion picture camera. Also …   Universalium

  • cinematograph — noun A camera that could develop its own film and served as its own projector. Syn: kinematograph …   Wiktionary

  • cinematograph — cin·e·mat·o·graph .sin ə mat ə .graf n a visual record obtained by cinematography <cinematographs of the spontaneously fibrillating auricle (Jour. Amer. Med. Assoc.)> …   Medical dictionary

  • cinematograph — cin·e·mat·o·graph || ‚sɪnÉ™ mætÉ™grɑːf n. movie projector; movie camera …   English contemporary dictionary

  • cinematograph — [ˌsɪnɪ matəgrα:f] (also kinematograph) noun historical, chiefly Brit. an early film projector. Origin C19: from Fr. cinématographe, from Gk kinēma, kinēmat movement , from kinein to move …   English new terms dictionary

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