Pareiorhina

Taxobox
name = "Pareiorhina"
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Actinopterygii
ordo = Siluriformes
familia = Loricariidae
subfamilia = Neoplecostominae
genus = "Pareiorhina"
genus_authority = Gosline, 1947
type_species = "Rhinelepis rudolphi"
type_species_authority = Miranda Ribeiro, 1911
subdivision_ranks = Binomial name
subdivision =
"Pareiorhina brachyrhyncha"
Chamon, Aranda & Buckup, 2005cite journal|journal=Copeia|year=2005|issue=3|pages=550–558|title="Pareiorhina brachyrhyncha" (Loricariidae: Siluriformes): a New Species of Fish from the Paraíba do Sul Slope of Serra da Mantiqueira, Southeastern Brazil|first=Carine C.|last=Chamon|coauthors=Aranda, Arion T.; Buckup, Paulo A.|doi=10.1643/CI-04-276R|volume=2005]
"Pareiorhina carrancas"
Bockmann & Ribeiro, 2003cite journal|title=Description of a new suckermouth armored catfishof the genus "Pareiorhina" (Siluriformes: Loricariidae), from southeastern Brazil|first=Flávio A.|last=Bockmann|coauthors=Ribeiro, Alexandre C.|journal=Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters|volume=14|issue=3|pages=231–242|date=October 2003]
"Pareiorhina rudolphi"
(Miranda Ribeiro, 1911)

"Pareiorhina" is a genus of catfishes (order Siluriformes) of the family Loricariidae. It includes three species, "P. brachyrhyncha", "P. carrancas", and "P. rudolphi".cite journal|url=http://silurus.acnatsci.org/ACSI/library/biblios/2007_Ferraris_Catfish_Checklist.pdf|title=Checklist of catfishes, recent and fossil (Osteichthyes: Siluriformes), and catalogue of siluriform primary types|first=Carl J., Jr.|last=Ferraris|journal=Zootaxa|volume=1418|pages=1–628|year=2007|format=PDF]

Taxonomy

"Pareiorhina" was first erected by Gosline in 1947 as a monotypic genus to include "Rhinelepis rudolphi". It was not until 2003 that a second species, "P. carrancas", was described. The third species, "P. brachyrhyncha", was described in 2005. "Pareiorhina" forms a monophyletic subunit with "Neoplecostomus" within the paraphyletic subfamily Neoplecostominae.

Distribution and habitat

"P. carrancas" was described from a headwater stream with clear, cold and moderate to fast flowing water of the Rio Grande basin in the State of Minas Gerais of southeastern Brazil. "P. brachyrhyncha" is known from stony piedmont tributaries of the left bank of Rio Paraíba do Sul, in the State of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. These streams belong to the Ribeirão Grande (also known as Teteqüera), Guameral, and Piagüi sub-drainages. They drain the southeastern slope of Serra da Mantiqueira, a major mountain range that separates the Paraíba do Sul from the upper Paraná River basin. The geographic range of "P. brachyrhyncha" is entirely contained within the range of "P. rudolphi". "P. rudolphi" is distributed in the Paraíba do Sul River near Lorena, São Paulo State, Brazil. Populations of "Pareiorhina" are known to occur at altitudes above 650 metres (2100 ft) in various rivers of the Grande, Paraíba do Sul, São Francisco, and Tietê River basins.

Description

"Pareiorhina" species all have lateral borders of the head without developed bristles, a naked abdomen, dorsal plates meeting along the mid-dorsal line between the dorsal and caudal fins, no adipose fin, ventral plates covering the midventral line, and the dorsal portion of body behinddorsal fin flatenned (flat caudal peduncle with a rectangular cross section). In "P. carrancas" and "P. rudolphi", the teeth are simple, while in "P. brachyrhyncha", the teeth have a minute lateral cusp at the base of the main cusp. "P. brachyrhyncha" and "P. carrancas" are unique in lacking an adipose fin and azygous plates; in loricariids without an adipose fin, it is usually replaced by a series of azygous plates that form a ridge. However, these two species lack both the fin and the ridge. These species range from about 4.1–4.5 centimetres (1.6–1.8 in) in length. [FishBase species|genus=Pareiorhina|species=brachyrhyncha|year=2007|month=July] [FishBase species|genus=Pareiorhina|species=carrancas|year=2007|month=July] [FishBase species|genus=Pareiorhina|species=rudolphi|year=2007|month=July]

References