Goleta, California

Infobox Settlement
official_name = City of Goleta, California
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settlement_type = CDP
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|375px|Goleta, looking southwest from the Santa Ynez Mountains. Old Town Goleta is at the right, and the Santa Barbara airport is at the upper right.
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mapsize = 250x200px
map_caption = Location in Santa Barbara County and the state of California


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subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = United States
subdivision_type1 = State
subdivision_name1 = California
subdivision_type2 = County
subdivision_name2 = Santa Barbara
subdivision_type3 =
subdivision_name3 =
subdivision_type4 =
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government_type =
leader_title = Mayor
leader_name = Jean Blois
leader_title1 =
leader_title1 = Mayor Pro Tem
leader_name1 = Michael Bennet
leader_title2 = City Council
leader_name2 = Jonny Wallis
Roger Aceves
Eric Onnen
leader_title3 = State Leg.
leader_name3 = Sen. Tom McClintock (R)
Asm. Pedro Nava (D)
leader_title4 = U. S. Congress
leader_name4 = Lois Capps (D)
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area_magnitude = 1 E7
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area_total_km2 = 68.3
area_land_km2 = 68.0
area_water_km2 = 0.3
area_total_sq_mi = 26.4
area_land_sq_mi = 26.3
area_water_sq_mi = 0.1
area_water_percent =
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population_as_of = 2000
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population_total = 55240
population_density_km2 = 812.35
population_density_sq_mi = 2102.1
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timezone = PST
utc_offset = -8
timezone_DST = PDT
utc_offset_DST = -7
latd = 34 |latm = 26 |lats = 26 |latNS = N
longd = 119 |longm = 48 |longs = 49 |longEW = W
elevation_footnotes =
elevation_m = 6
elevation_ft = 20
postal_code_type = ZIP codes
postal_code = 93116, 93118, 93160, 93199
area_code = 805
blank_name = FIPS code
blank_info = 06-30378
blank1_name = GNIS feature ID
blank1_info = 1660687
website = http://www.cityofgoleta.org/
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latitude = 34°44'4" N
longitude = 119°81'36" W Goleta (pronEng|ɡəˈliːtə in English or IPA2|ɡoˈleta in Spanish) is a city located in southern Santa Barbara County, California, USA. It was incorporated as a new city in 2002, after a long time as being the largest unincorporated, populated area in the county. As of the 2000 census, the CDP had a total population of 55,204, however, a significant portion of the census territory of 2000 did not incorporate into the new city. The Census Bureau's official estimate as of July 1, 2006 was 29,182 inhabitants within city limits.

It is known for being close to the University of California, Santa Barbara campus, although the CDP of Isla Vista is closer.

History

Early history

The area of present-day Goleta was populated for thousands of years by the native Chumash people; locally they were known by the first European settlers as Canaliños (for the canoes they built to travel to the Channel Islands). One of the largest villages, S'axpilil, was north of the Goleta Slough, not far from the present-day Santa Barbara Airport [cite web|url=http://www.sbnature.org/research/anthro/chumash/golval.htm|title=Sbnature.org] .

The first European visitor was Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo, who sailed past in 1542. During the 1980s, discovery of some 16th-century cannon on the beach led to the advancement of a theory that Sir Francis Drake sailed into the Goleta Slough in 1579, where he may have spent several weeks repairing his ship cite web|url=http://www.goletavalley.com/realestate/history.asp|title=Goleta Valley Chamber of Commerce.]

In the 18th century, two Spanish expeditions came to the area; the second founded the Presidio of Santa Barbara and Mission to the east, and began the work of converting the Chumash to Roman Catholicism. During the 19th century most of the area, formerly covered with oak trees, was deforested; ranching was the principal land use during this time. The two main local ranchers, Nicolas A. Den and Daniel Hill, Americans married to the daughters of Spanish ranchers, became wealthy in the late 1840s by selling locally-grown beef to the thousands of miners who came to the California Gold Rush.

19th and 20th centuries

The Goleta Valley was a prominent lemon-growing region during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and was largely agricultural. In addition, several areas, especially the Ellwood Mesa, were developed for oil and natural gas extraction. In the 1920's aviation pioneers started using portions of the Goleta Slough that had silted in due to agriculture to land and takeoff. As former tidelands, the title to these lands was unclear. Starting in 1940, boosters from the City of Santa Barbara lobbied and obtained federal funding and passed a bond measure to formally develop an airport on the Goleta Slough; the airport development was accelerated by U.S. response to an attack on the Ellwood Oil Field by a Japanese submarine, see Attacks on North America during World War II. The Marine Corps undertook completion of the airport and established living quarters on the site of the current University of California, Santa Barbara campus .

After the war, Goleta Valley residents supported the construction of Cachuma Lake, which provided water enabling a housing boom and the establishment of research and aerospace firms in the area. In 1954 the University of California, Santa Barbara moved to part of the former Marine base. Along with the boom in aerospace, the character changed from rural-agricultural to high-tech. Goleta remains a center for high-tech firms, and a bedroom community for neighboring Santa Barbara.

Incorporation

Goleta was incorporated as a city in 2002 after several unsuccessful attempts. A significant urbanized area remains unincorporated between the town of Goleta and the city of Santa Barbara, largely consisting of the area which polled against incorporation prior to the 2002 election (this area was excluded from the city boundaries to make passage of incorporation more likely). There has been some discussion of annexation of this area, sometimes dubbed informally "Noleta", by the City of Santa Barbara. The current boundaries of Goleta are shown in [http://goleta.govoffice.com/index.asp?Type=B_BASIC&SEC={93065890-CC2D-43DC-A7E0-85D581A84597} the city's map] .Fact|date=October 2007

The 2000 census figures reflect the census-designated place of Goleta, which was somewhat larger than the incorporated city. The city's population was estimated in 2002 at around 30,904 according to the [http://www.calpin.ca.gov/information/ccl_view_home.asp?entityID=1664&entityType=city CA Governor's Office of Planning and Research] .

Postal shooting

On January 30, 2006, Jennifer San Marco shot and killed seven people, including six postal workers, before committing suicide at the postal-processing facility where she had been previously employed. In addition to Charlotte Colton, 44, and Beverly Graham, 54, the dead included Ze Fairchild, 37, and Maleka Higgins, 28, both of Santa Barbara; Nicola Grant, 42, and Guadalupe Swartz, 52, both of Lompoc; and Dexter Shannon, 57, of Oxnard. This incident is believed to be the deadliest workplace shooting ever carried out in the United States by a woman. [cite news| url = http://www.cnn.com/2006/US/01/31/postal.shooting| title = Seven dead in California postal shooting
publisher = CNN|date=2006-01-31] [cite news| url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/4665790.stm| title = US ex-postal employee kills six
publisher = BBC|date=2006-01-31]

Today

Much of Goleta is considered to be a quiet community while Santa Barbara tends to attract most of the tourists and the area's residents. Goleta has successfully combatted suburban sprawl although it does exist cite web|url=http://www.goletavalleychamber.com/realestate/index.asp|title=Goleta Valley Chamber of Commerce] .

In 2008, a wildfire that consumed more than 9,000 acres over a period of several weeks was finally contained on July 29. ["San Diego Union-Tribue" July 29, 2008 http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/state/20080729-0349-ca-californiafires-goleta.html]

Urban environment

Goleta contains a mix of land uses, lacking only heavy industrial zones. North of the U.S. Route 101 freeway is a region of predominantly tract housing built between the late 1950s and the 1970s, intermingled with newer condominium developments, a few gated communities, and adjacent to a lower-density residential zone in the lower foothills of the Santa Ynez Mountains which contains larger homes. A commercial strip along Calle Real is one of the town's several business districts. South of the freeway is Old Town Goleta, centered on the stretch of Hollister Avenue between Fairview Avenue and the Highway 217 overpass; adjacent to this commercial area is a region of older, and occasionally substandard housing; some of the south county's least affluent people live in this zone. Between Old Town Goleta and the airport, and running along south Fairview Avenue, are some light industrial zones, some of relatively few in southern Santa Barbara County. Farther west, near the intersection of Storke Road and Hollister Avenue, is a large shopping mall, including "big box" stores, which draws business from outside the local area. This area is called the "Camino Real Marketplace". There is also a new business park called Cabrillo Business Park next to it. Adjacent to the mall and extending more than a mile farther west is a residential area, most of the housing in which dates back to the 1960s; it includes some high-density apartment blocks which accept some of the overflow student population from nearby UCSB.

Goleta has several significant parks, including Stow Park, Lake Los Carneros, and the newly created Ellwood Open Space on the bluffs overlooking the Pacific Ocean. Goleta Beach County Park is just outside of the city limits.

Geography

Goleta is located at coor dms|34|26|26|N|119|48|49|W|city (34.440493, -119.813608)GR|1. Goleta is about convert|8|mi|km west of the city of Santa Barbara, along the coast (the coast runs east to west in this portion of southern California). Nearby is the Santa Barbara campus of the University of California and the student community of Isla Vista.

The city's geography at the feet of the Santa Ynez Mountains has made it subject to sudden, extremely hot winds locally called "sundowners", similar to the more famous Santa Ana winds in the Los Angeles and San Diego regions. They are caused by high pressure drawing dry air from the inland side of the mountains, whereupon they can become superheated as they rush down the city's side. On June 17, 1859, a sundowner wind rushed through Goleta and rapidly raised the temperature to 133 degrees Fahrenheit (approximately 56 degrees Celsius) in a matter of minutes. People were forced to take shelter immediately; when they emerged they saw that most animals and plants had been killed. It was the highest temperature recorded in the United States until 1913.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 26.4 square miles (68.3 km²), of which, 26.3 square miles (68.0 km²) of it is land and 0.1 square miles (0.3 km²) of it (0.38%) is water.

Demographics

As of the censusGR|2 of 2000, there were 55,204 people, 19,954 households, and 13,468 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 2,102.1 people per square mile (811.7/km²). There were 20,442 housing units at an average density of 778.4/sq mi (300.6/km²). The racial makeup of the CDP was 78.61% White, 1.27% African American, 0.82% Native American, 6.43% Asian, 0.11% Pacific Islander, 9.23% from other races, and 3.53% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 22.33% of the population.

There were 19,954 households out of which 30.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.1% were married couples living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.5% were non-families. 22.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.72 and the average family size was 3.18.

In the CDP the population was spread out with 23.1% under the age of 18, 9.5% from 18 to 24, 28.6% from 25 to 44, 24.2% from 45 to 64, and 14.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 98.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.1 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $60,314, and the median income for a family was $67,956. Males had a median income of $44,770 versus $32,127 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $28,890. About 2.9% of families and 6.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.8% of those under age 18 and 4.4% of those age 65 or over.

Education

Most local students attend schools in the Goleta Union School District and the Santa Barbara High School District. There are also a host of smaller private schools. [cite web|url=http://www.goletavalleychamber.com/education/index.asp|title=Goleta Valley Chamber of Commerce]

chools

Elementary

*Brandon School
*El Camino School
*Ellwood School
*Foothill School
*Hollister School
*Isla Vista School
*Kellogg School
*La Patera School
*Mountain View School [cite web|url=http://www.goleta.k12.ca.us/schools2.html|title=List of GUSD Schools]
*Goleta Family School [cite web|url=http://www.goletafamilyschool.org/|title=Goleta Family School]

econdary

*Goleta Valley Junior High
*Dos Pueblos High School [cite web|url=http://www.sbsdk12.org/schools/index.shtml|title=List of SBSD and SBHSD Schools]

Government

The five City Council members take turns as mayor. The City Council also serves at the Planning Agency. City Council meetings are televised, while Planning Agency meetings are not. There have also been prolonged delays in getting the first General Plan adopted, despite state mandates to do so in a reasonable period of time after incorporation, and this has led to delays in the consideration of planning and development applications.Fact|date=October 2007

Transportation

All public transportation is provided by the county. Multiple MTD bus lines run through the city [cite web|url=http://www.sbmtd.gov/|title=SBMTD.gov] .

The main artery for the city is the U.S. 101, with the main major streets being Hollister Avenue and Cathedral Oaks Road. Other significant streets include Calle Real (which is broken up into sections), Fariview Avenue, and Patterson Avenue [cite web|url=http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&geocode=&q=Goleta,+California&ie=UTF8&z=10&iwloc=addr&om=1|title=Google Maps] .

Major Highways

*
*

References

ee also

* Goleta Union School District
* Dos Pueblos High School
* Goleta Depot
* Isla Vista
* Santa Ynez Apartments
* Francisco Torres
* South Coast Railroad Museum
* History of Santa Barbara, California

External links

* [http://www.cityofgoleta.org/ City of Goleta official website]
* [http://www.goletavalleyvoice.com/ Goleta Valley Voice] offers local news coverge
* [http://www.goletavalley.com/ Goleta Chamber Of Commerce]
* [http://independent.com/news/2007/jun/28/santa-anas/ Heated windstorm of 1859]
* [http://www.goletafamilyschool.org// Goleta Family School official website]