Transformation playing card

A transformation playing card (sometimes referred to as a transformation deck when assembled into a complete set) is a type of playing card where an artist incorporates the pips of the non-face cards into an artistic design. In a classical transformation playing card, the pips retain their standard position and coloration on the card. In some variations, the pips may be different in size, location or color. There is some debate as to whether these cards, often referred to as semi-transformed, should be considered true transformation playing cards.cite web
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History

By the 19th century, the standard form for playing cards had become fixed in most of Europe and America. French cards used hearts, diamonds, spades and clubs. German cards used acorns, leaves, hearts and bells. It was at this time that designers in Germany, France and England began to draw small figures around the pips. [Citation | last = Bauwens | first = Jan | author-link = | last2 = | first2 = | author2-link = | title = Comic Carten | date = | year = | url = | accessdate = ]

The first transformation playing cards were created by D.W. Soltan and D. Berger in 1801 as illustrations for a German edition of Hudibras. The cards illustrated were the 2 of hearts, 3 of hearts, 5 of hearts and 8 of hearts. [cite book | last = Field | first = Albert | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Transformation Playing Cards | publisher = U.S. Games Systems, Inc. | date = 1987 | location = | pages = 6-7 | url = | doi = | ISBN = 0-88079-033-4 ] In 1803, John Nixon published the first complete set (52 cards) of transformed cards. Titled "Metastasis", this collection was also published as illustrations on sheets of paper. [cite book | last = Field | first = Albert | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Transformation Playing Cards | publisher = U.S. Games Systems, Inc. | date = 1987 | location = | pages = 12-14 | url = | doi = | ISBN = 0-88079-033-4 ] In 1804, J.C. Cotta, a publisher and bookseller in Tübingen, Germany, produced the first set of transformation cards that was published as an actual deck of playing cards. These decks were published as almanacs, in which, each of the 52 cards corresponded to one of the 52 weeks of the year. [cite book | last = Field | first = Albert | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Transformation Playing Cards | publisher = U.S. Games Systems, Inc. | date = 1987 | location = | pages = 16-18 | url = | doi = | ISBN = 0-88079-033-4 ] [cite web
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title = Transforming Playing Cards
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publisher = The Marine Stewardship Counsel
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Transformed cards became particularly popular in Victorian England. Their influence can be seen in John Tenniel's illustrations for Through the Looking Glass. Noted novelist and gambler William Makepeace Thackeray designed 21 card himself. [cite book | last = Dawe | first = Nicholas | authorlink = | coauthors = Meeuwissen, Tony | title = The Key to the Kingdom | publisher = Running Press | date = 1992 | location = | pages = 5-7 | url = | doi = | ISBN = 1-56138-072-5]

In 1865 Dean and Son published a deck in which the pips have been changed in both size and location, being placed at the artist's whim. Collectors debate as to whether or not this deck should be considered a transformation deck, due to these differences. [cite book | last = Field | first = Albert | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Transformation Playing Cards | publisher = U.S. Games Systems, Inc. | date = 1987 | location = | pages = 113-115 | url = | doi = | ISBN = 0-88079-033-4 ] The Dean and Son deck remained the only deck to manipuate the pips until the 1970s, when the practice gained some popularity. [cite book | last = Field | first = Albert | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Transformation Playing Cards | publisher = U.S. Games Systems, Inc. | date = 1987 | location = | pages = 199 | url = | doi = | ISBN = 0-88079-033-4 ] Today, cards that do not strictly adhere to standard pip placement, size and color are referred to as semi-transformation playing cards.

An article entitled "Playing Card Squiggles." was published in the December 1910 issue of "Strand Magazine". Several "Cotta" cards were pictured, erroneously attributed to an unnamed French artist. "Strand" subsequently asked its readers to submit their own designs for card squiggles, which the magazine periodically published. John Butler Yeats was one of the first to contribute a card design to the magazine. The feature remained popular for some time. [cite book | last = Field | first = Albert | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Transformation Playing Cards | publisher = U.S. Games Systems, Inc. | date = 1987 | location = | pages = 187-191 | url = | doi = | ISBN = 0-88079-033-4 ]

Contemporary designs

Though not as popular as they were in the 19th century, transformation playing cards continue to be produced. Some, like "Art for the Earth" by The Friends of the Earth and "Under the Sea" by the Marine Stewardship Counsel, are created for charity purposes, with different artists contributing art for each card.

One of the more notable contemporary sets is the award winning "The Key to the Kingdom," a semi-transformation deck commissioned by London's V&A Museum of Childhood and created by Tony Meeuwissen. It won the WH Smith Literary Award for best illustration and The Designers and Art Directory Association of London gold award. [cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Tony Shows His Tricks | work = | publisher = South Wales Argus | date = | url = http://archive.southwalesargus.co.uk/2002/10/24/70236.html | format = | doi = | accessdate = 2007-07-02] This set of cards was created around the theme of nursery rhymes and poems. The cards were sold with a book containing each poem and a picture of the corresponding card on the opposite page. Additionally, the deck was constructed as a puzzle contest laid out in the form of an original poem. The poem gave clues to pick certain cards, which then could be decrypted into a secret message. The prize of $10,000 and a golden key was won by Susan Kavanagh of Essex. [cite web
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title = The Key to the Kingdom - Solution
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ee also

* Minor Arcana

Notes

External links

* [http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~daf/i-p-c-s.org/faq/transformation.php The International Playing Card Society] - Gallery of various transformations of the four of diamonds.
* [http://www.folioboutique.com/tonymeeuwissen Folio Boutique - Tony Meeuwissen] - Gallery of cards from Tony Meeuwissen's transformation deck, The Key of the Kingdom.