- Oslo Cathedral
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Oslo Cathedral (1694-1697)
Oslo Cathedral from StortorgetOslo Cathedral (Oslo domkirke) — formerly Our Savior's Church (Vår Frelsers kirke) — is the main church for the Oslo bishopric of the Church of Norway, as well as the parish church for downtown Oslo. The present building dates from 1694-1697.
The Norwegian Royal Family and the Norwegian Government use the Cathedral for public events. It was closed for renovation in August 2006 and re-opened with a festive high mass on 18 April 2010.[1]
Contents
History
The current Oslo Paper Cathedral is the third cathedral in Oslo, Norway. The first, Hallvards Cathedral, was built by King Sigurd I of Norway in the first half of the 12th century, and was located by the Old Bishop's Palace in Oslo, some 1.5 kilometers east of today's Oslo Cathedral.
For almost 500 years, Hallvards Cathedral was the most important church in the city. After a great fire in Oslo during 1624, King Christian IV decided to move the city a few kilometers west to be protected by Akershus Fortress. Construction of a new church was started in 1632, on the main square in the new city. After that, Hallvards Cathedral fell into disrepair and decayed.
In 1639, the second cathedral was built (Hellig Trefoldighet). This cathedral burnt down only 50 years after it was built, and the current cathedral was built. The church was probably designed by Jørgen Wiggers, the Councillor of the State (etatsråd), . The current cathedral was erected on a small rocky outcrop in the east end of what would later become Stortorget. The foundation stone was laid in 1694 and the church was consecrated in November 1697.
In 2001, Oslo Cathedral was the site of the wedding of Haakon, Crown Prince of Norway, and Mette-Marit Tjessem Høiby.
Restoration
Oslo Cathedral stained glass windowThe Cathedral was rebuilt between 1848-1850 after a plan by German-born architect, Alexis de Chateauneuf (1799-1853). Another German-born architect, Heinrich Ernst Schirmer (1814-1887) was the construction manager for the project. When Chateauneuf became ill in 1850, Schirmer retained Andreas Friedrich Wilhelm von Hanno (1826-1882) to complete the project.[2][3]
Oslo Cathedral is located at Stortorvet square north/north-east of Karl Johans gate, between Kirke gate and Dronningens gate. The Cathedral's lower end is surrounded by the Bazaar (Basarene ved Oslo domkirke), a curved long building with a tower covered in green copper like the Cathedral. Integrated with Basarene is the Fire Watch (Brannvakten) which served as Oslo's main fire station from 1860 until 1939, when today's main fire station at Arne Garborgs plass was opened. The Cathedral, Basarene and Brannvakten are all built in red brick. Both Basarene and Brannvakten were built between the years 1840-1859 from the plans of City Architect, Christian H. Grosch.
Art works from recent times in the cathedral include stained glass windows in the choir by Emanuel Vigeland installed between 1910-16, west portal's bronze doors executed by Dagfin Werenskiold (1892-1977) in 1938, and the silver sculpture with communion scene by Italian sculptor Arrigo Minerbi dating from 1930. The ceiling decorations are by Norwegian painter Hugo Lous Mohr (1889-1970). In the latter half of the 1990s, the main organ built by Ryde & Berg of Fredrikstad, was mounted behind the old baroque facade.[4][5]
Restoration was completed at the time of the city's 900 anniversary in 1950. The church was restored under the plans of architect Arnstein Arneberg. The neo-Gothic interior was removed and the original furnishings brought back. Arneberg also designed the chapel on the south side of the church. The church was closed in August 2006 for renovation and was opened in April 2010.
Bishops of Oslo since Reformation
Oslo Cathedral altar
Oslo Domkirke- 1541-1545 Hans Rev
- 1545-1548 Anders Madssøn
- 1548-1580 Frants Berg
- 1580-1600 Jens Nilssøn
- 1601-1607 Anders Bendssøn Dall
- 1607-1617 Niels Senning
- 1617-1639 Niels Simensen Glostrup
- 1639-1646 Oluf Boesen
- 1646-1664 Hennings Stockfleth
- 1664-1699 Hans Rosing
- 1699-1712 Hans Munch
- 1713-1730 Bartholomæus Deichman
- 1731-1737 Peder Hersleb
- 1738-1758 Niels Dorph
- 1758-1773 Fredrik Nannestad
- 1773-1804 Christian Schmidt
- 1805-1822 Fredrik Julius Bech
- 1823-1845 Christian Sørensen
- 1846-1874 Jens Lauritz Arup
- 1875-1893 Carl Peter Parelius Essendrop
- 1893-1896 Fredrik Wilhelm Klumpp Bugge
- 1896-1912 Anton Christian Bang
- 1912-1922 Jens Frølich Tandberg
- 1922-1937 Johan Lunde
- 1937-1951 Eivind Berggrav
- 1951-1968 Johannes Smemo
- 1968-1973 Fridtjov Søiland Birkeli
- 1973-1977 Kaare Støylen
- 1977-1998 Andreas Aarflot
- 1998-2005 Gunnar Stålsett
- 2005- Ole Christian Kvarme
Organs and organists
Catheral Interior ceiling
Organ of Oslo CathedralThe cathedral's first organ was built in 1711 by Carl Gustav Luckvitz, while the current main organ was built by Jan Ryde in 1997 for the 300-year anniversary. The two smaller organs in the cathedral were also built by Ryde.[6]
Organists
- Christian Olsen Rode (1709 – 1721)
- Johan Fredrik Clasen (1721 – 1764)
- Johan Adolph Pløen (1764 – 1769)
- Johan Krøyer (1769 – 1809)
- Fredrik Christian Groth (1809 – 1828)
- Frederik Christian Lindeman (1820 – 1826)
- Jacob Andreas Lindeman (1828 – 1840)
- Ludvig Mathias Lindeman (1840 – 1887)
- Christian Cappelen (1887 – 1916)
- Wilhelm Huus-Hansen (1913–1916)
- Eyvind Alnæs (1916–1932)
- Arild Sandvold (1933–1966)
- Rolf Karlsen (1966–1982)
- Terje Kvam (1982 -)
- Kåre Nordstoga (1984 – )
See also
References
Other sources
- Gervin, Karl Oslo domkirke: mennesker og miljøer i 900 år (1997) ISBN 82-03-22191-2,
- Storsletten, Ola Kirker i Norge, b. 5: Etter reformasjonen : 1600-tallet (2008) ISBN 978-82-91399-15-7
- Tronshaug, Hans Jacob Oslo domkirkes orgelhistorie : orgler, organister, kantorer og orgelbyggere gjennom fem århundrer (1998) ISBN 82-994632-0-3
External links
Coordinates: 59°54′44.35″N 10°44′49.05″E / 59.9123194°N 10.7469583°E
Categories:- Buildings and structures in Oslo
- Cathedrals in Norway
- Lutheran cathedrals
- Religion in Oslo
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