Christopher John Boyce

Christopher John Boyce (born February 16, 1953) is a convicted KGB (Committee for State Security Spy) who sold U.S. spy satellite secrets to the Soviet Union in the 1970s.

Espionage

Boyce, the son of a security chief at McDonnell Douglas, along with childhood friend, Andrew Daulton Lee, were raised in the affluent seaside community of Palos Verdes Peninsula near Los Angeles. In 1974 Boyce was hired at TRW, a Southern California aerospace firm in Redondo Beach, California. His father in his position as an aerospace security officer was able to help his son get a job at TRW. Boyce eventually was promoted to a sensitive job in TRW's "Black Vault" (classified communications center) with a top secret security clearance.

Boyce claims that he began getting misrouted cables from the Central Intelligence Agency discussing the CIA's desire to depose the government of Prime Minister Gough Whitlam in Australia. Boyce claimed the CIA wanted Whitlam removed from office because he wanted to close U.S. military bases in Australia, including the vital Pine Gap secure communications facility, and withdraw Australian troops from Vietnam. Whitlam had also begun making diplomatic overtures to China, as President Richard Nixon had previously done. For these reasons some claim that U.S. government pressure was a major factor in the dismissal of Whitlam as prime minister by the governor general, Sir John Kerr, who according to Boyce was referred to as our man Kerr by CIA officers. Through the cable traffic Boyce saw that the CIA was involving itself in such a manner, not just with Australia but with other democratic, industrialized allies. Boyce considered going to the press, but believed the media's earlier disclosure of CIA involvement in the 1973 Chilean coup d'état, which had resulted in the overthrow and killing of Chilean president Salvador Allende, had not changed anything for the better.

Instead he gathered a quantity of classified documents concerning secure U.S. communications ciphers and spy satellite development and had his friend Andrew Daulton Lee, a cocaine and heroin dealer since his high school days (hence his nickname, "The Snowman") deliver them to Soviet embassy officials in Mexico City, returning with large sums of cash for Boyce (nicknamed "The Falcon" because of his long time interest in falconry) and himself.

Boyce, then 23, was exposed after Lee was arrested by Mexican police in front of the Soviet embassy on January 6, 1977, on suspicion of having killed a police officer. During his interrogation Lee, who had top secret microfilm in his possession when arrested, confessed to being a Soviet spy and implicated Boyce. Boyce was arrested on January 16, 1977, when the FBI found him at the shack he was renting near Riverside, CA. He was convicted May 14, 1977, of espionage and sentenced to 40 years in prison, initially at Terminal Island and then the Metropolitan Correctional Center in San Diego. On July 10, 1979, he was transferred to the federal penitentiary in Lompoc, California.

Escape

On January 21, 1980, Boyce escaped from Lompoc. While a fugitive, Boyce carried out 17 bank robberies in Idaho and Washington State. Adopting the alias of "Anthony Edward Lester," Boyce did not believe he could live as a fugitive forever, and began to study aviation in an attempt to flee to the Soviet Union, where he believed he would accept a commission as an officer in the Soviet Armed Forces. On August 21, 1981, Boyce was arrested while eating in his car outside "The Pit Stop," a drive-in restaurant in Port Angeles, Washington. Authorities had received a tip about Boyce's whereabouts from his former bank robbery confederates.

Release

Boyce was released from prison on parole on September 16, 2002. In October 2002, shortly after Boyce was freed, he married Kathleen Mills. She had lobbied successfully for Boyce's espionage accomplice, Andrew Daulton Lee to be awarded parole in 1998. Following Lee's release from prison, she turned her attention to freeing Boyce, and the two fell in love through their correspondence. Boyce was released from parole after serving 5 years in July 2008. There are no restitution requirements on Boyce's parole.

Boyce later justified his actions by claiming that he was selling this information in the hopes of fostering peace between the Soviet Union and the United States.

Cultural references

The story of their case was told in Robert Lindsey's best-selling 1979 book The Falcon and the Snowman. The book was turned into a film of the same title in 1985 by director John Schlesinger starring actors, Timothy Hutton as Boyce, and Sean Penn as Lee.

American performance artist Johanna Went's 1982 album Hyena features a song called "Christopher Boyce".

Further reading

• 60 Minutes, May 23, 1982, A Spy's Story: USA Traitor Gaoled For 40 Years After Selling Codes of Rylite and Argus Projects: www.serendipity.li/cia/cia_oz/60min.htm (link blocked by wikipedia's spam filter?)
• Statement by Peter Staples, Member for Jagajaga in Australia, November 20, 1986
• Robert Lindsey, The Falcon and the Snowman: A True Story of Friendship and Espionage, Lyons Press, 1979, ISBN 1-58574-502-2
• Robert Lindsey, The Flight of the Falcon: The True Story of the Escape and Manhunt for America's Most Wanted Spy, Simon & Schuster, 1983, ISBN 0-671-45159-6

External links

• SFGate Article
• Detailed story of Chris Boyce and Daulton Lee from the Crime Library
• IMDB The Falcon and the Snowman (1985)

Persondata
Name	Boyce, Christopher
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Date of birth	February 16, 1953
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