List of mammals in Paraguay

This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Paraguay. There are 151 mammal species in Paraguay, of which 0 are critically endangered, 2 are endangered, 7 are vulnerable, and 12 are near-threatened. [This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institute, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.]

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:

Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of Near Threatened and Least Concern categories:

ubclass: Theria

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Cingulata (armadillos)

-----The armadillos are small mammals with a bony armored shell. There are around 20 extant species.They are native to the Americas. There are around 20 extant species.

***Family: Dasypodidae (armadillos)
****Subfamily: Dasypodinae
*****Genus: Dasypus
****** Southern Long-nosed Armadillo "Dasypus hybridus" NT
****** Nine-banded Armadillo "Dasypus novemcinctus" LC
****** Seven-banded Armadillo "Dasypus septemcinctus" LC
****Subfamily: Euphractinae
*****Genus: Chaetophractus
****** Screaming Hairy Armadillo "Chaetophractus vellerosus" LC
****** Large Hairy Armadillo "Chaetophractus villosus" LC
*****Genus: Chlamyphorus
****** Burmeister's Armadillo "Chlamyphorus retusus" NT
*****Genus: Euphractus
****** Six-banded Armadillo "Euphractus sexcinctus" LC
****Subfamily: Tolypeutinae
*****Genus: Cabassous
****** Chacoan Naked-tailed Armadillo "Cabassous chacoensis" NT
****** Greater Naked-tailed Armadillo "Cabassous tatouay" LC
*****Genus: Priodontes
****** Giant Armadillo "Priodontes maximus" VU
*****Genus: Tolypeutes
****** Southern Three-banded Armadillo "Tolypeutes matacus" NT

Order: Pilosa (anteaters, sloths and tamanduas)

-----The order Pilosa is extant only in the Americas and includes the anteaters, sloths, and tamanduas.

*Suborder: Folivora
***Family: Bradypodidae (three-toed sloths)
****Genus: Bradypus
***** Brown-throated Three-toed Sloth "Bradypus variegatus" LC
*Suborder: Vermilingua
***Family: Myrmecophagidae (American anteaters)
****Genus: Myrmecophaga
***** Giant Anteater "Myrmecophaga tridactyla" NT
****Genus: Tamandua
***** Southern Tamandua "Tamandua tetradactyla" LC

Order: Primates

-----The order Primates contains all the species commonly related to the lemurs, monkeys, and apes, with the latter category including humans. It is divided informally into three main groupings: prosimians, monkeys of the New World, and monkeys and apes of the Old World.

*Suborder: Haplorrhini
**Infraorder: Simiiformes
***Parvorder: Platyrrhini
*****Family: Aotidae
******Genus: Aotus
******* Azara's Night Monkey "Aotus azarae" LC
*****Family: Pitheciidae
******Subfamily: Callicebinae
*******Genus: Callicebus
******** White-coated Titi "Callicebus pallescens" LC
*****Family: Atelidae
******Subfamily: Alouattinae
*******Genus: Alouatta
******** Black Howler "Alouatta caraya" LC

Order: Rodentia (rodents)

-----Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).

*Suborder: Hystricognathi
***Family: Erethizontidae (New World porcupines)
****Subfamily: Erethizontinae
*****Genus: Coendou
****** Brazilian Porcupine "Coendou prehensilis" LR/lc
*****Genus: Sphiggurus
****** South American Tree Porcupine "Sphiggurus spinosus" LR/lc
***Family: Chinchillidae (viscachas and chinchillas)
****Genus: Lagostomus
***** Plains Viscacha "Lagostomus maximus" LR/lc
***Family: Caviidae (guinea pigs)
****Subfamily: Caviinae
*****Genus: Cavia
****** Brazilian Guinea Pig "Cavia aperea" LR/lc
****Subfamily: Dolichotinae
*****Genus: Dolichotis
****** Chacoan Mara "Dolichotis salinicola" LR/nt
****Subfamily: Hydrochaeridae (capybaras)
*****Genus: Hydrochoerus
****** "Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris" LR/lc
***Family: Dasyproctidae (agoutis and pacas)
****Genus: Dasyprocta
***** Azara's Agouti "Dasyprocta azarae" VU
***** Central American Agouti "Dasyprocta punctata" LR/lc
***Family: Agoutidae
****Genus: Agouti
***** Paca "Agouti paca" LR/lc
***Family: Ctenomyidae
****Genus: Ctenomys
***** Bolivian Tuco-tuco "Ctenomys boliviensis" LR/lc
***** Conover's Tuco-tuco "Ctenomys conoveri" LR/lc
***** Chacoan Tuco-tuco "Ctenomys dorsalis" LR/lc
***Family: Echimyidae
****Subfamily: Dactylomyinae
*****Genus: Kannabateomys
****** Southern Bamboo Rat "Kannabateomys amblyonyx" LR/lc
****Subfamily: Eumysopinae
*****Genus: Euryzygomatomys
****** Fischer's Guiara "Euryzygomatomys spinosus" LR/lc
*****Genus: Proechimys
****** Long-tailed Spiny Rat "Proechimys longicaudatus" LR/lc
*****Genus: Thrichomys
****** Punare "Thrichomys apereoides" LR/lc
***Family: Myocastoridae (coypus)
****Genus: Myocastor
***** Coypu "Myocastor coypus" LR/lc
*Suborder: Sciurognathi
***Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
****Subfamily: Sciurinae
*****Tribe: Sciurini
******Genus: Sciurus
******* Brazilian Squirrel "Sciurus aestuans" LR/lc
***Family: Cricetidae
****Subfamily: Sigmodontinae
*****Genus: Akodon
****** Azara's Grass Mouse "Akodon azarae" LR/lc
****** Cursor Grass Mouse "Akodon cursor" LR/lc
****** Blackish Grass Mouse "Akodon nigrita" LR/lc
****** Chaco Grass Mouse "Akodon toba" LR/lc
*****Genus: Andalgalomys
****** Pearson's Chaco Mouse "Andalgalomys pearsoni" LR/lc
*****Genus: Bolomys
****** Hairy-tailed Bolo Mouse "Bolomys lasiurus" LR/lc
*****Genus: Calomys
****** Crafty Vesper Mouse "Calomys callidus" LR/lc
****** Large Vesper Mouse "Calomys callosus" LR/lc
****** Small Vesper Mouse "Calomys laucha" LR/lc
****** Drylands Vesper Mouse "Calomys musculinus" LR/lc
*****Genus: Graomys
****** Gray Leaf-eared Mouse "Graomys griseoflavus" LR/lc
*****Genus: Holochilus
****** Chaco Marsh Rat "Holochilus chacarius" LR/lc
*****Genus: Oecomys
****** Mamore Arboreal Rice Rat "Oecomys mamorae" LR/lc
*****Genus: Oligoryzomys
****** Chacoan Pygmy Rice Rat "Oligoryzomys chacoensis" LR/lc
****** Small-eared Pygmy Rice Rat "Oligoryzomys microtis" LR/lc
****** Black-footed Pygmy Rice Rat "Oligoryzomys nigripes" LR/lc
*****Genus: Oryzomys
****** Paraguayan Rice Rat "Oryzomys buccinatus" LR/lc
****** Intermediate Rice Rat "Oryzomys intermedius" LR/lc
****** Azara's Broad-headed Rice Rat "Oryzomys megacephalus" LR/lc
****** Elegant Rice Rat "Oryzomys nitidus" LR/lc
****** Rat-headed Rice Rat "Oryzomys ratticeps" LR/lc
****** Terraced Rice Rat "Oryzomys subflavus" LR/lc
*****Genus: Oxymycterus
****** Spy Hocicudo "Oxymycterus delator" LR/lc
*****Genus: Pseudoryzomys
****** Brazilian False Rice Rat "Pseudoryzomys simplex" LR/lc
*****Genus: Scapteromys
****** Waterhouse's Swamp Rat "Scapteromys tumidus" LR/lc

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

-----

The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early twentieth century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

**Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
***Genus: Sylvilagus
**** Tapeti "Sylvilagus brasiliensis" LR/lc

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

-----
[
Western mastiff bat] The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

**Family: Noctilionidae
***Genus: Noctilio
**** Lesser Bulldog Bat "Noctilio albiventris" LR/lc
**** Greater Bulldog Bat "Noctilio leporinus" LR/lc
**Family: Vespertilionidae
***Subfamily: Myotinae
****Genus: Myotis
***** Silver-tipped Myotis "Myotis albescens" LR/lc
***** Black Myotis "Myotis nigricans" LR/lc
***** Riparian Myotis "Myotis riparius" LR/lc
***** Red Myotis "Myotis ruber" VU
***** Velvety Myotis "Myotis simus" LR/lc
***Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
****Genus: Eptesicus
***** Brazilian Brown Bat "Eptesicus brasiliensis" LR/lc
***** Diminutive Serotine "Eptesicus diminutus" LR/lc
***** Argentine Brown Bat "Eptesicus furinalis" LR/lc
***** Big brown bat "Eptesicus fuscus" LR/lc
****Genus: Histiotus
***** Tropical Big-eared Brown Bat "Histiotus velatus" LR/lc
****Genus: Lasiurus
***** Desert red bat "Lasiurus blossevillii" LR/lc
***** Hoary bat "Lasiurus cinereus" LR/lc
***** Southern Yellow Bat "Lasiurus ega" LR/lc
**Family: Molossidae
***Genus: Cynomops
**** Cinnamon Dog-faced Bat "Cynomops abrasus" LR/nt
**** Southern Dog-faced Bat "Cynomops planirostris" LR/lc
***Genus: Eumops
**** Dwarf Bonneted Bat "Eumops bonariensis" LR/lc
**** Big Bonneted Bat "Eumops dabbenei" LR/lc
**** Wagner's Bonneted Bat "Eumops glaucinus" LR/lc
**** Western mastiff bat "Eumops perotis" LR/lc
***Genus: Molossops
**** Dwarf Dog-faced Bat "Molossops temminckii" LR/lc
***Genus: Molossus
**** Black Mastiff Bat "Molossus ater" LR/lc
**** Velvety Free-tailed Bat "Molossus molossus" LR/lc
***Genus: Nyctinomops
**** Peale's Free-tailed Bat "Nyctinomops aurispinosus" LR/lc
**** Broad-eared Bat "Nyctinomops laticaudatus" LR/lc
**** Big Free-tailed Bat "Nyctinomops macrotis" LR/lc
***Genus: Promops
**** Big Crested Mastiff Bat "Promops centralis" LR/lc
**** Brown Mastiff Bat "Promops nasutus" LR/lc
***Genus: Tadarida
**** Mexican Free-tailed Bat "Tadarida brasiliensis" LR/nt
**Family: Emballonuridae
***Genus: Peropteryx
**** Lesser Doglike Bat "Peropteryx macrotis" LR/lc
**Family: Phyllostomidae
***Subfamily: Phyllostominae
****Genus: Chrotopterus
***** Big-eared Wooly Bat "Chrotopterus auritus" LR/lc
****Genus: Lophostoma
***** White-throated Round-eared Bat "Lophostoma silvicolum" LR/lc
****Genus: Macrophyllum
***** Long-legged Bat "Macrophyllum macrophyllum" LR/lc
****Genus: Micronycteris
***** Little Big-eared Bat "Micronycteris megalotis" LR/lc
****Genus: Phyllostomus
***** Pale Spear-nosed Bat "Phyllostomus discolor" LR/lc
***** Greater Spear-nosed Bat "Phyllostomus hastatus" LR/lc
****Genus: Tonatia
***** Greater Round-eared Bat "Tonatia bidens" LR/lc
***Subfamily: Glossophaginae
****Genus: Glossophaga
***** Pallas's Long-tongued Bat "Glossophaga soricina" LR/lc
***Subfamily: Carolliinae
****Genus: Carollia
***** Seba's Short-tailed Bat "Carollia perspicillata" LR/lc
***Subfamily: Stenodermatinae
****Genus: Artibeus
***** Fringed Fruit-eating Bat "Artibeus fimbriatus" LR/nt
***** Jamaican fruit bat "Artibeus jamaicensis" LR/lc
***** Great Fruit-eating Bat "Artibeus lituratus" LR/lc
***** Flat-faced Fruit-eating Bat "Artibeus planirostris" LR/lc
****Genus: Pygoderma
***** Ipanema Bat "Pygoderma bilabiatum" LR/nt
****Genus: Sturnira
***** Little Yellow-shouldered Bat "Sturnira lilium" LR/lc
****Genus: Vampyressa
***** Southern Little Yellow-eared Bat "Vampyressa pusilla" LR/lc
****Genus: Platyrrhinus
***** White-lined Broad-nosed Bat "Platyrrhinus lineatus" LR/lc
***Subfamily: Desmodontinae
****Genus: Desmodus
***** Common Vampire Bat "Desmodus rotundus" LR/lc

Order: Carnivora (carnivores)

-----

The carnivores include over 260 species, the majority of which eat meat as their primary dietary item. Carnivores have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

*Suborder: Feliformia
***Family: Felidae (cats)
****Subfamily: Felinae
*****Genus: Leopardus
****** Ocelot "Leopardus pardalis" LC
****** Oncilla "Leopardus tigrinus" NT
****** Margay "Leopardus wiedii" LC
*****Genus: Oncifelis
****** Chilean Pampa Cat "Oncifelis colocolo" NT
****** Geoffroy's Cat "Oncifelis geoffroyi" NT
*****Genus: Puma
****** Jaguarundi "Puma yaguarondi" LC
****** Cougar "Puma concolor" NT
****Subfamily: Pantherinae
*****Genus: Panthera
****** Jaguar "Panthera onca" NT
*Suborder: Caniformia
***Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
****Genus: Lycalopex
***** Pampas Fox "Lycalopex gymnocercus" LC
****Genus: Cerdocyon
***** Crab-eating Fox "Cerdocyon thous" LC
****Genus: Speothos
***** Bush Dog "Speothos venaticus" VU
****Genus: Chrysocyon
***** Maned Wolf "Chrysocyon brachyurus" NT
***Family: Procyonidae (raccoons)
****Genus: Procyon
***** Crab-eating Raccoon "Procyon cancrivorus" LR/lc
****Genus: Nasua
***** South American Coati "Nasua nasua" LR/lc
***Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
****Genus: Galictis
***** Lesser Grison "Galictis cuja" LR/lc
****Genus: Lontra
***** Neotropical River Otter "Lontra longicaudis" DD
****Genus: Pteronura
***** Giant Otter "Pteronura brasiliensis" EN
***Family: Mephitidae
****Genus: Conepatus
***** Humboldt's Hog-nosed Skunk "Conepatus humboldtii" LR/lc

Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)

-----The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.

**Family: Tapiridae (tapirs)
***Genus: Tapirus
**** Brazilian Tapir "Tapirus terrestris" VU

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

-----The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

**Family: Tayassuidae (peccaries)
***Genus: Catagonus
**** Chacoan Peccary "Catagonus wagneri" EN
***Genus: Tayassu
**** Collared Peccary "Tayassu tajacu" LR/lc
**** White-lipped Peccary "Tayassu pecari" LR/lc
**Family: Camelidae (camels, llamas)
***Genus: Lama
**** Guanaco "Lama guanicoe" LR/lc
**Family: Cervidae (deer)
***Subfamily: Capreolinae
****Genus: Blastocerus
***** Marsh deer "Blastocerus dichotomus" VU
****Genus: Mazama
***** Red Brocket "Mazama americana" DD
***** Pygmy Brocket "Mazama nana" DD
****Genus: Ozotoceros
***** Pampas deer "Ozotoceros bezoarticus" NT

Infraclass: Metatheria

Order: Didelphimorphia (common opossums)

-----Didelphimorphia is the order of common opossums of the Western Hemisphere. Opossums probably diverged from the basic South American marsupials in the late Cretaceous or early Paleocene.They are small to medium-sized marsupials, about the size of a large house cat, with a long snout and prehensile tail.

**Family: Didelphidae (American opossums)
***Subfamily: Caluromyinae
****Genus: Caluromys
***** Brown-eared Woolly Opossum "Caluromys lanatus" LR/nt
***Subfamily: Didelphinae
****Genus: Chironectes
***** Water Opossum "Chironectes minimus" LR/nt
****Genus: Didelphis
***** White-eared Opossum "Didelphis albiventris" LR/lc
***** Big-eared Opossum "Didelphis aurita" LR/lc
***** Common Opossum "Didelphis marsupialis" LR/lc
****Genus: Gracilinanus
***** Agile Gracile Opossum "Gracilinanus agilis" LR/nt
****Genus: Lutreolina
***** Lutrine Opossum "Lutreolina crassicaudata" LR/lc
****Genus: Metachirus
***** Brown Four-eyed Opossum "Metachirus nudicaudatus" LR/lc
****Genus: Micoureus
***** Woolly Mouse Opossum "Micoureus demerarae" LR/lc
****Genus: Monodelphis
***** Gray Short-tailed Opossum "Monodelphis domestica" LR/lc
***** Southern Red-sided Opossum "Monodelphis sorex" VU
****Genus: Philander
***** Gray Four-eyed Opossum "Philander opossum" LR/lc
****Genus: Thylamys
***** Long-tailed Fat-tailed Opossum "Thylamys macrura" LR/nt
***** Small Fat-tailed Opossum "Thylamys pusilla" LR/lc

Notes

References

*cite web
url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/search.php?kingname=ANIMALIA&phyname=CHORDATA&claname=MAMMALIA&freetext=&modifier=phrase&criteria=wholedb&taxa_species=1&redlistCategory%5B0%5D=all&redlistAssessyear%5B0%5D=all&country%5B0%5D=PY&aquatic%5B0%5D=all&regions%5B0%5D=all&habitats%5B0%5D=all&threats%5B0%5D=all&Submit_x=34&Submit_y=9&extendedResults=0&terrestrial=0&marine=0&freshwater=0&offset=0&sortorder%5B0%5D=spcscientificname&sortorder%5B1%5D=genname&sortorder%5B2%5D=spcname&sortorder%5B3%5D=spcauthor&sortorder%5B4%5D=spcinfrarank&sortorder%5B5%5D=spcinfraepithet&sortorder%5B6%5D=spcinfrarankauthor&sortorder%5B7%5D=spcstockname&sortorder%5B8%5D=comname_comp&sortorder%5B9%5D=rlcabb&sortorder%5B10%5D=rlscriteria&sortorder%5B11%5D=poptrend_code&sortorder%5B12%5D=rlcatcrit2001&sortorder%5B13%5D=spcrecid&sortorder%5B14%5D=kingname&debug=0&taxa_subspc=0&taxa_stock=0&newsort=Genus
title=The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Mammals of Paraguay
publisher=IUCN
date=2001
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007
*cite web
url=http://nmnhgoph.si.edu/msw/
title=Mammal Species of the World
publisher=Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
date=2005
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007
*cite web
url=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/index.html
title=Animal Diversity Web
publisher=University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
date=1995-2006
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007

ee also

*List of chordate orders
*List of regional mammals lists
*List of prehistoric mammals
*Mammal classification
*New mammal species