Ōke

Ōke
For the Ottoman unit of weight, see Oka (measure).

The ōke (王家 literally Princely Houses?), were branches of the Japanese Imperial Family created from branches of the Fushimi-no-miya house. All but one of the ōke were formed by the descendants of Prince Fushimi Kuniye. The ōke were stripped of their membership in the Imperial Family by the American Occupation Authorities in October 1947, as part of the abolition of collateral imperial houses. After that point, only the immediate family of Hirohito and those of his three brothers retained membership in the Imperial Family. However, unofficial heads of these collateral families still exist for most and are listed herein.

The ōke were, in order of founding:

  • 梨本 Nashimoto
  • 久邇 Kuni
  • 山階 Yamashina (extinct)
  • 華頂 Kachō or Kwachō (extinct)
  • 北白川 Kitashirakawa
  • 東伏見 Higashifushimi or Komatsu (小松) (extinct)
  • 賀陽 Kaya
  • 朝香 Asaka
  • 東久邇 Higashikuni
  • 竹田 Takeda

Unless otherwise stated, all princes listed herein are the sons of their predecessor.

Contents

Nashimoto-no-miya

The Nashimoto-no-miya house was formed by Prince Moriosa, son of Prince Fushimi Sadayoshi (father of Prince Fushimi Kuniye)

Name Born Succeeded Retired Died Notes
1 Prince Nashimoto Moriosa
(梨本宮 守脩親王 Nashi-no-miya Moriosa-shinnō?)		 1819 1870 . 1885
2 Prince Nashimoto Kikumaro
(山階宮菊麿王 Nashimoto-no-miya Kikumaro-ō?)		 1873 1885 1885 1908 grand-nephew of Moriosa; resigned to return to the Yamashina household
3 Prince Nashimoto Morimasa
(梨本宮守正王 Nashimoto-no-miya Morimasa-ō?)		 1874 1885 1947 1951 cousin of Kikumaro and fourth son of Kuni-no-miya Asahiko

Kuni-no-miya

The Kuni-no-miya house was formed by Prince Asahiko, fourth son of Prince Fushimi Kuniye

Name Born Succeeded Retired Died Notes
1 Prince Kuni Asahiko
(久邇宮 朝彦親王 Kuni-no-miya Asahiko shinnō ?)		 1824 1863 . 1891 became shinnō in 1871
2 Prince Kuni Kuniyoshi
(久邇宮 邦彦王 Kuni-no-miya Kuniyoshi ō ?)		 1873 1891 . 1929 father of Empress Kojun
3 Prince Kuni Asaakira
(久邇宮 朝融王 Kuni-no-miya Asaakira ō?)		 1901 1929 1947 1959
4 Kuni Kuniaki
(久邇 邦昭?)		 1929 1959 . .

Yamashina-no-miya

The Yamashina-no-miya house was formed by Prince Akira, eldest son of Prince Fushimi Kuniye.

Name Born Succeeded Retired Died
1 Prince Yamashina Akira
(山階宮 晃親王 Yamashina-no-miya Akira shinnō ?)		 1816 1864 . 1898
2 Prince Yamashina Kikumaro
(山階宮 菊麿王 Yamashina-no-miya Kikumaro-ō ?)		 1873 1898 . 1908
3 Prince Yamashina Takehiko
(山階宮 武彦王 Yamashina-no-miya Takehito-ō?)		 1898 1908 1947 1987

The Yamashina-no-miya became extinct with the death of Yamashina Takehiko.

Kwachō-no-miya

The Kwachō-no-miya (or Kachō-no-miya) house was formed by Prince Hirotsune, son of Prince Fushimi Kuniye.

Name Born Succeeded Retired Died
1 Prince Kwacho Hirotsune
(華頂宮博経親王 Kwachō-no-miya Hirosune shinnō ?)		 1851 1868 . 1876
2 Prince Kwacho Hiroatsu
(華頂宮博厚親王 Kwachō-no-miya Hiroatsu shinnō ?)		 1875 1876 . 1883
3 Prince Kwacho Hiroyasu
(華頂宮博恭親王 Kwachō-no-miya Hiroyasu-shinnō?)		 1875 1883 1904 1946
4 Prince Kwacho Hirotada
(華頂宮博忠王 Kwachō-no-miya Hirotada-ō?)		 1902 1904 . 1924
X Marquis Kwacho Hironobu
(華頂博信 Kwachō Hironobu?)		 1905 1924 1947 1970

The Kwacho-no-miya became extinct with the death of Prince Kwacho Hirotada. The line of descent was continued through the kazoku peerage under Kwacho Hironobu.

Kitashirakawa-no-miya

The Kitashirakawa-no-miya house was formed by Prince Toshinari, eighth son of Prince Fushimi Kuniye

Name Born Succeeded Retired Died Notes
1 Prince Kitashirakawa Satonari
(北白川宮 智成親王 Kitashirakawa-no-miya Satonari shinnō?)		 1844 1872 . 1872
2 Prince Kitashirakawa Yoshihisa
(北白川宮 能久親王 Kitashirakawa-no-miya Yoshihisa-shinnō?)		 1847 1872 . 1895 brother of above
3 Prince Kitashirakawa Naruhisa
(北白川宮 成久王 Kitashirakawa-no-miya Naruhisa-ō?)		 1887 1895 . 1923
4 Prince Kitashirakawa Nagahisa
(北白川宮 永久王 Kitashirakawa-no-miya Naruhisa-ō?)		 1910 1923 . 1940
4 Prince Kitashirakawa Michihisa
(北白川宮 道久王 Kitashirakawa-no-miya Michihisa-ō?)		 1937 1940 1947 . Kitashirakawa Michihisa after 1947

Higashifushimi-no-miya / Komatsu-no-miya

The Higashifushimi-no-miya house was formed by Prince Yoshiaki, seventh son of Prince Fushimi Kuniye.

Name Born Succeeded Retired Died Comments
1 Prince Higashifushimi Yoshiaki
(東伏見宮 嘉彰親王 Higashifushimi no miya Yoshiaki-shinnō ?)
Prince Komatsu Akihito (小松宮 彰仁親王 Komatsu-no-miya Akihito-shinnō?)		 1846
X		 1867
1872		 1872
.		 X
1903		 changed name in 1872
2 Prince Higashifushimi Yorihito
(東伏見宮 依仁親王 Higashifushimi no miya Yorihito-ō ?)		 1876 1903 . 1922 brother of Akihito
reverted name back to Higashifushimi

In 1931, Emperor Hirohito directed his brother-in-law, Prince Kuni Kunihide, to leave Imperial Family status and become Count Higashifushimi Kunihide (hakushaku under the kazoku peerage system), to prevent the Higashifushimi name from extinction. Dowager Princess Higashifushimi Kaneko became a commoner on 14 October 1947. She died in Tokyo in 1955.

Kaya-no-miya

The Kaya-no-miya house was formed by Prince Kuninori, second son of Prince Kuni Asahiko (first Kuni-no-miya, see above)

Name Born Succeeded Retired Died Notes
1 Prince Kaya Kuninori
(賀陽宮 邦憲王 Kaya-no-miya Kuninori shinnō ?)		 1867 1896 . 1909 Kaya-no-miya was a personal title until 1900
2 Prince Kaya Tsunenori
(賀陽宮 恒憲王 Kaya-no-miya Tsunenori-ō ?)		 1900 1909 1947 1978 Kaya Tsunenori after 1947
3 Prince Kaya Nobuhiko
(賀陽宮 信彦王 Kaya-no-miya Nobuhiko-ō ?)		 1922 1978 . 1986
4 Kaya Harunori
(賀陽 治憲?)		 1926 1987 . . brother of Nobuhiko; career diplomat

Asaka-no-miya

The Asaka-no-miya house was formed by Prince Yasuhiko, eighth son of Prince Kuni Asahiko.

Name Born Succeeded Retired Died
1 Prince Asaka Yasuhiko
(朝香宮 鳩彦王 Asaka-no-miya Yasuhiko-ō ?)		 1887 1906 1947 1981
X Asaka Takahiko 1912 1981 . 1994
X Asaka Tomohiko 1944 1994 .

Higashikuni-no-miya

The Higashikuni-no-miya house was formed by Prince Naruhiko, ninth son of Prince Kuni Asahiko.

Name Born Succeeded Retired Died Notes
1 Prince Higashikuni Naruhiko
(東久邇宮 稔彦王 Higashikuni-no-miya Naruhiko-ō?)		 1887 1906 1947 1990
X Prince Higashikuni Morihiro
(東久邇宮 盛厚王 Higashikuni no miya Morihiro ō ?)		 1916 1947 . 1969 .
2 Prince Higashikuni Nobuhiko
(東久邇宮 信彦王 Higashikuni-no-miya Nobukiko-ō ?)		 1944 1990 . . grandson of Naruhiko, son of Morihiro

Prince Higashikuni Nobuhiko became simply "Higashikuni Nobuhiko" after the abolition of the Japanese aristocracy during the American occupation of Japan in 1946.

Takeda-no-miya

The Takeda-no-miya house was formed by Prince Tsunehisa, eldest son of Prince Kitashirakawa Yoshihisa (second Kitashirakawa-no-miya).

Name Born . Succeeded Retired Died
1 Prince Takeda Tsunehisa
(竹田宮 恒久王 Takeda-no-miya Tsunehisa-ō ?)		 1882 1906 . 1919
2 Prince Takeda Tsuneyoshi
(竹田宮 恒徳王 Takeda-no-miya Tsuneyoshi-ō ?)		 1909 1919 1947 1992
3 Prince Takeda Tsunetada
(竹田 恒正 Takeda-no-miya Tsunetada-ō ?)		 1940 1992 . .

References

  • Fujitani,T. Splendid Monarchy: Power and Pageantry in Modern Japan. University of California Press; Reprint edition (1998). ISBN 0-520-21371-8
  • Lebra, Sugiyama Takie. Above the Clouds: Status Culture of the Modern Japanese Nobility. University of California Press (1995). ISBN 0-520-07602-8

External links

Media related to Ōke at Wikimedia Commons


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