Anapa

Anapa (English) Анапа (Russian)
-  Town[citation needed]  -
A beach in Anapa
Location of Krasnodar Krai in Russia
Anapa
Coordinates: 44°52′N 37°22′E / 44.867°N 37.367°E / 44.867; 37.367Coordinates: 44°52′N 37°22′E / 44.867°N 37.367°E / 44.867; 37.367
Coat of arms	Flag
Administrative status
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Krasnodar Krai
Administratively subordinated to	Town of Anapa[1]
Municipal status
Urban okrug	Anapa Urban Okrug[2]
Administrative center of	Anapa Urban Okrug[1]
Mayor[citation needed]	Tatyana Yevsikova[citation needed]
Representative body	Town Duma[citation needed]
Statistics
Population (2010 Census, preliminary)	58,983 inhabitants[3]
- Rank in 2010	280th
Population (2002 Census)	53,493 inhabitants[4]
- Rank in 2002	308th
Time zone	MSD (UTC+04:00)[5]
Founded	14th century[6]
Postal code(s)	353440—353458[citation needed]
Dialing code(s)	+7 86133[citation needed]
Official website

Anapa (Russian: Ана́па) is a town in Krasnodar Krai, Russia, located on the northern coast of the Black Sea near the Sea of Azov. It was originally a seaport for the Natkhuay tribe of the Adyghe people.^{[citation needed]} Population: 58,983 (2010 Census preliminary results);^[3] 53,493 (2002 Census);^[4] 54,796 (1989 Census).^[7]

The town boasts a number of sanatoria and hotels. Anapa, Sochi, and several other cities along the Russian coast of the Black Sea have enjoyed a substantial increase in popularity since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, which left traditional Soviet resort cities in Crimea and Abkhazia on the other side of the national border. Anapa is served by the Anapa Airport (AAQ).

Anapa, like the other Black Sea coast resorts, has a superb sunny summer climate. Anapa has beautiful, mostly sandy beaches. However, Anapa seldom attracts tourists from outside Russia due to its modest infrastructure and its inconvenient accessibility from Western Europe via Moscow or Krasnodar. Anapa remains an attractive and inexpensive option for Russians who prefer traditional Russian resorts to more expensive destinations.

History

Gorgippia and other ancient Greek colonies along the north coast of the Black Sea

The area around Anapa was settled in antiquity. It was at first a major port (Sinda) and then the capital of Sindica (Ancient Greek: Σινδική). The colony of Gorgippia (Γοργιππία) was built on the site of Sinda in the sixth century BCE by Pontic Greeks, who named it after a king of the Cimmerian Bosporus. In the 2nd and 3rd centuries BC, Gorgippia flourished, as did its guild of shipowners, which controlled maritime trade in the eastern part of the Black Sea. A fine statue of Neokles (a local potentate, son of Herodoros) was unearthed by Russian archaeologists and is now on exhibit at the Russian Museum. Gorgippia was inhabited until the third century CE, when it was overrun by nomadic tribes. These tribes are a Circassian or Adyghe origin, gave Anapa its modern name. Anapa was part of Sarmatians, Ostrogoths, European Huns, Avars, Gokturks, Khazars, Circassians and Golden Horde.

Anapa was conquered by the Genoese in 1300 and was renamed as "Mapa". Genoese possession of it was lasted until Ottoman conquest in 1475. Ottomans completed a fortress for defense of it against Russian threat in 1791. The fortress was repeatedly attacked by the Russian Empire and was all but destroyed during its last siege in 1829. The town was passed to Russia after the Treaty of Adrianople in 1829. It was included in Black Sea Okrug of Kuban Oblast and was given town status in 1846.

It was occupied by Ottomans between 1853-1856 during Crimean War. It became part of the Black Sea Governorate in 1896. Elizabeth Pilenko, later named as a saint in the Ukrainian Orthodox Church, was the mayor during the Russian Revolution. It became part of the Kuban-Black Sea Oblast in 1920. During World War II it was occupied and totally demolished by Nazi Germany with the help of Romanian troops between August 30, 1942 and September 22, 1943.

Transport

Includes Anapa Airport, a railway station, an international passenger port (for small-tonnage ships), a bus station and a network of highways.^[8]

Administrative and municipal status

Administratively, along with one rural locality, it is incorporated as the Town of Anapa—an administrative unit with a status equal to that of the districts.

Municipally, the territories of the Town of Anapa and of Anapsky District are incorporated as Anapa Urban Okrug.^[1]

Culture

The Town Theater of Anapa is located on Krymskaya Street.It was opened after the reconstruction of the Town Cultural Center.^[9] There are twenty nine public libraries including four for children. In 2010 the libraries of Anapa received more than 8,000 books, and magazines and newspapers were ordered costing more than 1,000,000 roubles, in addition, nine hundred CDs were purchased.^[10]

There is museum of Local History (Краеведческий музей) on Protapova Street.^[11]

Architecture and sights

• The Gorgippia Archeological museum ^[12]
• Gates of Turkish fortress ^[13]
• Church of St. Onuphrius ^[14]
• Lighthouse ^[15]
• Wildlife preserve of Bolshoy Utrish ^[16]

Climate

Anapa has a mild semi-arid climate with very warm dry summers and cool wet winters. The average temperature in January is 2 °C, and the average temperature in July is 22 °C. The annual precipitation averages only 400 mm.

List of mayors

• Maria Skobtsova^[17]
• Valentin Mashukov
• Germogen Korolyov^[18]
• Mikhail Boyur^[19]
• Vitaly Astapenko^[20]
• Vladimir Tsukanov^[21]
• Anatoliy Pakhomov^[22]
• Tatyana Yevsikova^[23]

Photos

• 

  Excavated ruins of ancient Gorgippia.

• 

  The gates of the Ottoman fort (1787).

• 

  Church of St. Onuphrius was founded in 1829.

• 

  A lighthouse.

Activities carried out in the town

• Kinoshock film festival ^[24]
• Blue-eyed Anapa song Festival

International relations

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Russia

Twin towns/sister cities

Anapa is twinned with:

• Gomel, Belarus.^[25]
• Novy Urengoy, Russia.^[26]

References

Notes

1. ^ ^{a b c} Charter of Anapa Urban Okrug
2. ^ Law #676-KZ
3. ^ ^{a b} Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2011). "Предварительные итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года (Preliminary results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2010). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis-2010.ru/results_of_the_census/results-inform.php. Retrieved 2011-04-25. 
4. ^ ^{a b} Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls. Retrieved 2010-03-23. 
5. ^ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication).
6. ^ Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. p. 20. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9. 
7. ^ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. (All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers.)" (in Russian). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. 1989. http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg.php. Retrieved 2010-03-23. 
8. ^ "Вокзал Анапа: жд вокзал Анапа, авто вокзал в Анапе, морской вокзал" (in Russian). Anapa.yuginform.ru. http://anapa.yuginform.ru/catalog/stations. Retrieved 10 March 2011. 
9. ^ "Городской театр [Town theatre]" (in Russian). gorodanapa.com. http://www.gorodanapa.com/%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5-%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0/%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9-%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80/. 
10. ^ Сологуб, В.. "Некриминальное чтиво". Анапа (Anapa, Russia). 
11. ^ "Анапский краеведческий музей, Анапа" (in Russian). ЮГА.ру. ООО "ЮГА.ру". http://kurort.yuga.ru/anapa/sights/anapskij_kraevedcheskij_muzej.html. Retrieved 10 March 2011. 
12. ^ "Анапский археологический музей — филиал Краснодарского государственного историко-археологического музея-заповедника имени Е.Д. Фелицына". Museum.ru. http://www.museum.ru/M1364. Retrieved 10 March 2011. 
13. ^ "Остатки турецкой крепости Анапа и памятник А.д. безкровному [Remnants of the Turkish fortress of Anapa and the monument to Bezkrovny]" (in Russian). Anapafuture.ru. http://www.anapafuture.ru/skyview/tureckie-vorota.htm. Retrieved 10 March 2011. 
14. ^ "Храм Святого Онуфрия Великого" (in Russian). Anapahome.ru. http://www.anapahome.ru/pages/turinf/xram-svyatogo-onufriya.htm. Retrieved 10 March 2011. 
15. ^ "Анапский Маяк" (in Russian). Turspeak.ru. http://www.turspeak.ru/sights/anapskii-mayak. 
16. ^ "Заказник "Большой Утриш". Справка" (in Russian). Eco.rian.ru. http://eco.rian.ru/documents/20081226/158163294.html. 
17. ^ "Мать Мария, бывшая в 1917 г. главой Анапы, причислена к лику святых [Mother Maria who was a mayor of Anapa in 1917 is canonised.]" (in Russian). Юга.Ру. Krasnodar, Russia: ООО "ЮГА.ру". 13 February 2004. http://www.yuga.ru/news/29801/. Retrieved 2011-03-14. 
18. ^ Ольга Лихина; Наталья Орлова (September 11, 1993). "Канарские острова стали лучшим курортом в мире, не считая Анапы [Canary islands became a best resort in a world, to say nothing about Anapa.]" (in Russian). Коммерсантъ (Russia). http://www.kommersant.ru/doc.aspx?DocsID=59152. Retrieved 2011-03-14. 
19. ^ Павлючик, Леонид (September 21, 2000). "От шока — к шику [From shock to chic]" (in Russian). Труд (Russia). http://www.trud.ru/article/21-09-2000/12272_ot_shoka--k_shiku.html. Retrieved 2011-03-14. 
20. ^ "Анапа официально открыла курортный сезон [Anapa officially opened the holiday season]" (in Russian). RATA-news (Russia). June 23, 2004. http://www.ratanews.ru/news/news_23062004_6.stm. Retrieved 2011-03-14. 
21. ^ "КРАСНОДАРСКИЙ КРАЙ. МЭРИЮ АНАПЫ ЖДУТ РЕФОРМЫ, В ТОМ ЧИСЛЕ КАДРОВЫЕ. [Krasnodar Krai. Reforms, Including Staffing, Planned in Town Hall of Anapa]" (in Russian). Regions.ru. Russia. December 16, 2004. http://www.regions.ru/news/1706955/. Retrieved 2011-03-14. 
22. ^ "А. Пахомов вступил в должность мэра Анапы [A. Pakhomov assumed the position of Mayor of Anapa]" (in Russian). Юга.Ру. Russia. March 22, 2006. http://www.yuga.ru/news/68432/. Retrieved 2011-03-14. 
23. ^ Кузнецова, Татьяна (April 3, 2009). "Вступит в должность новый мэр Анапы [The new mayor of Anapa will assume post.]" (in Russian). RIA Novosti. Russia. http://rian.ru/politics/20090403/166901992.html. Retrieved 2011-03-14. 
24. ^ www.kinoshock.ru
25. ^ Жданович, Николай (September 15, 2010). "Знаковый момент [Moment of significance]" (in Russian). Рэспублiка (Belarus). http://www.respublika.info/5087/planet/article42271/. Retrieved 2011-03-14. 
26. ^ http://anapa-official.ru/article.php?id_menu=1&id_article=373

Sources

• Законодательное Собрание Краснодарского края. Закон №676-КЗ от 1 апреля 2004 г. «Об установлении границ муниципального образования город-курорт Анапа и наделении его статусом городского округа», в ред. Закона №1756-КЗ от 3 июня 2009 г «О внесении изменений в некоторые законодательные акты Краснодарского края об установлении границ муниципальных образований». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Кубанские новости", №64–65, 17 апреля 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Krasnodar Krai. Law #676-KZ of April 1, 2004 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formation of the Resort City of Anapa and on Granting It the Status of an Urban Okrug, as amended by the Law #1756-KZ of June 3, 2009 On Amending Several Legislative Acts of Krasnodar Krai on Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations. Effective as of the day of the official publication).
• Совет муниципального образования город-курорт Анапа. Решение №77 от 28 июня 2005 г. «Устав муниципального образования город-курорт Анапа», в ред. Решения №130 от 3 февраля 2011 г. Вступил в силу с 1 января 2006 г., за исключением положений, для которых установлены иные сроки вступления в силу. (Council of the Municipal Formaton of the Resort City of Anapa. Decision #77 of June 28, 2005 Charter of the Municipal Formation of the Resort City of Anapa, as amended by the Decision #130 of February 3, 2011. Effective as of January 1, 2006, with the exception of the clauses for which different dates of taking effect are specified).

External links

• (Russian) Anapa Information Portal (Russian)
• Official website of Anapa Urban Okrug (Russian)