Xmonad

Xmonad

Infobox Software
name = xmonad



caption = xmonad in tiling mode
author = Spencer Janssen, Don Stewart, Jason Creighton
released =
latest release version = 0.8 [ [http://www.haskell.org/pipermail/xmonad/2008-September/006254.html "ANNOUNCE: xmonad 0.8 released!"] ]
latest release date = September 5, 2008
latest preview version = latest Darcs revision
latest preview date = (snapshot)
operating system = POSIX-compatible
platform = Cross-platform; requires X Window and GHC
language = English
status = Alpha
genre = Window manager
license = BSD-3
website = [http://www.xmonad.org/ http://www.xmonad.org/]

xmonad is a tiling window manager for the X Window System, written in the functional programming language Haskell.

Begun in March 2007, it is similar to dwm, larswm, StumpWM and other members of the tiling window manager family, in that it strives to make it possible for the user to productively manage windows without the use of the mouse. Xmonad is packaged & distributed on a wide range of Unix-like operating systems, such as Arch Linux, Debian, Ubuntu, Gentoo, Sourcemage Linux, NixOS, FreeBSD, NetBSD and OpenBSD.

While originally a clone of dwm (derivative in areas such as default keybindings), xmonad supports features not available to dwm users [cite web
url = http://www.osnews.com/story.php/18009/Keyboard-Driven-Environments-Open-a-New-Window/
title = Keyboard-Driven Environments Open a New Window
publisher = OSnews
date = 2007-05-31
accessdate = 2007-05-31
] [cite web
url = http://osnews.com/story.php/18794/xmonad-0.4-Released
title = xmonad 0.4 Released
publisher = OSnews
date =2007-10-19
accessdate = 2007-12-23
] such as per-workspace layout, tiling reflection, state preservation, layout mirroring, GNOME support and per-screen status bars; it can be customised by modifying an external configuration file and 'reloaded' while running. [Through a combination of swiftly re-compiling and then execing the new XMonad binary; see cite web
url = http://sequence.complete.org/hwn/20070427
title = Haskell Weekly News: April 27, 2007
publisher = Haskell Weekly News
date = 2007-04-27
accessdate = 2007-05-23
] XMonad features have begun to influence other tiling window managers - dwm has borrowed "urgency hooks" from XMonad [See the [http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.window-managers.dwm/4325/focus=4330 developer discussion] on the dwm mailing list] , has also included Xinerama support (for multihead displays) with release 4.8, and reimplemented XMonad's Fibonacci layout [ [http://www.suckless.org/wiki/dwm/patches/fibonacci Suckless.org: Fibonacci layouts patch] to dwm] .

Extensions to the core system, including emulation of other window managers and unusual layout algorithms, such as window tiling based on the Fibonacci spiral, have been implemented by the active community [ Xmonad users generate significant traffic in the [http://gogloom.com/FreeNode/xmonad/ #xmonad] IRC channel and the XMonad mailing list; in addition, there are a significant number of commits to the extension library from non-core devs (see the [http://xmonad.org/statistics.html XMonad statistic page] )] and are available as a library [cite web
url = http://xmonad.org/contrib.html
title = xmonad: Contributed code
publisher = xmonad.org
date = 2007-05-22
accessdate = 2007-05-23
] .

In addition to obviating the need for the mouse, the xmonad developers make heavy use of semi-formal methods and program derivation for improving reliability and enabling a total line of code count less than 1200, as of version 0.7; window manager properties (such as the behavior of window focus) are checked through use of QuickCheck. This emphasis makes xmonad unusual in a number of ways; besides being the first window manager written in Haskell, it is also the first to use the zipper data structure for automatically managing focus, and its core has been proven to be safe with respect to pattern matches, [ [http://neilmitchell.blogspot.com/2007/05/does-xmonad-crash.html "Does xmonad crash? On proving pattern coverage in xmonad with Catch"] ; [http://neilmitchell.blogspot.com/2007/05/preconditions-on-xmonad.html "Preconditions on XMonad"] ; see also [http://www-users.cs.york.ac.uk/~ndm/downloads/slides-detecting_pattern_match_failures_in_haskell-26_nov_2007.pdf "Detecting pattern-match failures in Haskell"] ] contributing further to reliability. The developers write:

"xmonad is a tiling window manager for the X Window system,implemented, configured and dynamically extensible in Haskell.This demonstration presents the case that software dominated byside effects can be developed with the precision and efficiency weexpect from Haskell by utilising purely functional data structures,an expressive type system, extended static checking and property-based testing. In addition, we describe the use of Haskell as anapplication configuration and extension language." [Stewart & Janssen, 2007]

It makes use of Haskell features and tools such as: QuickCheck, GHC extensions like pattern guards, monads, monad transformers, zippers, and the Cabal packaging system, in addition to Haskell bindings to Xlib and xft fonts (with rebinding to XCB planned when the Haskell bindings are released).

References

*
** [http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1291201.1291218 Association for Computing Machinery archive]
** [http://www.ludd.ltu.se/~pj/hw2007/xmonad.mov Paper presentation] -(video; .mov)

External links

* [http://xmonad.org/ xmonad.org] - Official Site
* [http://conferences.oreillynet.com/presentations/os2007/os_peytonjones.pdf "Taste of Haskell"] -(OSCON presentation by Simon Peyton Jones on Haskell, using xmonad as an example; PDF)
** [http://blip.tv/file/324976 First half of talk] -(video)
** [http://blip.tv/file/325646 Second half of talk] -(video)
* [http://lennartkolmodin.blogspot.com/2007/04/xmonad.html Bits and Bytes: xmonad]
* [http://cgi.cse.unsw.edu.au/~dons/blog/2007/05/01#xmonad_part1_model "Roll Your Own Haskell Window Manager: Part 1: Defining a Model"]
* [http://cgi.cse.unsw.edu.au/~dons/blog/2007/05/17#xmonad_part1b_zipper "Roll Your Own Window Manager: Tracking Focus with a Zipper"]
* [http://www.haskell.org/communities/12-2007/html/report.html#sect6.3 Haskell Communities and Activities Report] -(13th edition; XMonad)
* Don Stewart [http://www.ludd.ltu.se/~pj/hw2007/xmonad.mov demo]


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